青海高原197份小麦品种(系)及种质资源抗条锈分子鉴定
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摘要
【目的】通过鉴定青海省近年来春小麦主栽品种、后备品种及高代育种材料对我国当前条锈流行小种的抗性水平、检测其可能携带的抗病基因,为培育春小麦抗条锈病新品种、开展抗源品种的合理布局及种质利用提供参考。【方法】利用小麦条锈菌CYR29、CYR32和CYR34等流行生理小种苗期温室人工接种,对197份春小麦品种(系)及资源进行抗性鉴定;同时利用抗条锈病基因Yr5、Yr9(1BL/1RS)、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18和Yr26等两侧紧密连锁的标记进行分子检测,并结合系谱推测供试材料可能携带的抗性基因。【结果】苗期对CYR29、CYR32和CYR34小种表现抗性的材料分别有174份(占88. 3%)、86份(占43. 6%)和122份(占61. 9%),对三者均表现抗性的材料有74份(占37. 5%);分子鉴定可能含Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18和Yr26抗性基因的材料分别有21份(占10. 6%)、33份(占16. 7%)、3份(占1. 5%)、28份(占14. 2%)、6份(占3. 0%)和7份(占3. 5%),其中有20份材料可能同时携带2种以上条锈病抗性基因,推测其余未检测出的抗性材料可能含有其它未知抗性基因。【结论】当前青海高原春小麦品种(系)及种质资源条锈病抗性整体水平较低,抗源较为单一;对检测中抗性表现良好的材料应加强与其他抗锈基因材料的聚合,并将其应用到生产中。
【Objective】The study aimed to identify the level of resistance of spring wheat main cultivars,candidate cultivars and advancedgeneration breeding resources against the Chinese strip rust current epidemic races,find out the distributions of resistance genes and provide a reference for breeding new varieties of resistance to strip rust,their rational distribution and germplasm selection. 【Method】For strip rust resistance identification of 197 spring wheat cultivars and germplasm resources from Qinghai plateau,the prevalent Chinese predominant stripe rust races CYR29,CYR32 and CYR34 at seedling stage in greenhouse were artificially inoculated and screened these cultivars with the closely linked molecular marker of wheat strip rust resistance genes Yr5,Yr9( 1 BL/1 RS),Yr10,Yr15,Yr18 and Yr26. 【Result】174( 88. 3%),86( 43. 6 %),122( 61. 9 %) had resistance to CYR29,CYR32 and CYR34,respectively,and 74( 37. 5 %) resource indicated resistance to all the three races; Molecular tests showed that Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr15,Yr18 and Yr26 were detected in 21( 10. 6 %),33( 16. 7%),3( 1. 5 %),28( 14. 2 %),6( 3. 0 %) and 7( 3. 5 %),respectively,of which 20( 10. 1 %) were detected with two or more genes,and there were some unknown resistance genes in other resources.【Conclusion】The resistance level of spring wheat breeding germplasm resources was lower overall,and the resistance of resources was relatively single; The well-behaved genes in the detection should be strengthened with other Yr genes,and these resistance genes should be applied to production practice.
【Objective】The study aimed to identify the level of resistance of spring wheat main cultivars,candidate cultivars and advancedgeneration breeding resources against the Chinese strip rust current epidemic races,find out the distributions of resistance genes and provide a reference for breeding new varieties of resistance to strip rust,their rational distribution and germplasm selection. 【Method】For strip rust resistance identification of 197 spring wheat cultivars and germplasm resources from Qinghai plateau,the prevalent Chinese predominant stripe rust races CYR29,CYR32 and CYR34 at seedling stage in greenhouse were artificially inoculated and screened these cultivars with the closely linked molecular marker of wheat strip rust resistance genes Yr5,Yr9( 1 BL/1 RS),Yr10,Yr15,Yr18 and Yr26. 【Result】174( 88. 3%),86( 43. 6 %),122( 61. 9 %) had resistance to CYR29,CYR32 and CYR34,respectively,and 74( 37. 5 %) resource indicated resistance to all the three races; Molecular tests showed that Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr15,Yr18 and Yr26 were detected in 21( 10. 6 %),33( 16. 7%),3( 1. 5 %),28( 14. 2 %),6( 3. 0 %) and 7( 3. 5 %),respectively,of which 20( 10. 1 %) were detected with two or more genes,and there were some unknown resistance genes in other resources.【Conclusion】The resistance level of spring wheat breeding germplasm resources was lower overall,and the resistance of resources was relatively single; The well-behaved genes in the detection should be strengthened with other Yr genes,and these resistance genes should be applied to production practice.
引文
[1]康振生,王晓杰,赵杰,等.小麦条锈菌致病性及其变异研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2015(17):3439-3453.
[2]Line R F,Chen X.Successes in breeding for and managing durable resistance to wheat rusts[J].Plant Disease,1995,79(12):1254-1255.
[3]汪可宁,洪锡午,吴立人,等.1951-1983年我国小麦品种抗条诱性变异分析[J].植物保护学报,1986(2):117-124.
[4]李振岐,商鸿生.小麦锈病及其防治[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1989:214.
[5]赵文生,徐世昌,张敬原,等.小麦品种温度互作中抗条锈微效基因的表达[J].植物保护,2000(4):4-6.
[6]Mcintosh R A.Catalogue of Gene Symbols for Wheat[J].Cereal Research Communications,1975,3(1):69-71.
[7]Dong Z,Hegarty J M,Zhang J,et al.Validation and characterization of a QTL for adult plant resistance to stripe rust on wheat chromosome arm 6BS(Yr78)[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,2017,130(10):2127-2137.
[8]曾庆东,沈川,袁凤平,等.小麦抗条锈病已知基因对中国当前流行小种的有效性分析[J].植物病理学报,2015,45(6):641-650.
[9]伍玲,夏先春,朱华忠,等.CIMMYT 273个小麦品种抗病基因Lr34/Yr18/Pm38的分子标记检测[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(22):4553-4561.
[10]Singh R P,Huertaespino J,Rajaram S,et al.Achieving near-immunity to leaf and stripe rusts in wheat by combining slow rusting resistance genes[J].Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica,2000,35(1):133-139.
[11]韩德俊,王琪琳,张立,等.“西北-华北-长江中下游”条锈病流行区系当前小麦品种(系)抗条锈病性评价[J].中国农业科学,2010(14):2889-2896.
[12]Line R F,Qayoum A.Virulence,aggressiveness,evolution and distribution of races of Puccinia striiformis(the cause of stripe rust of wheat)in North America,1968-87[R].Technical Bulletin(USA),1992.
[13]Hillambroz K L,Brownguedira G L,Fellers J P.Modified rapid DNA extraction protocol for high throughput microsatellite analysis in wheat[J].Crop Science,2002,42(6):2088-2091.
[14]Somers D J,Isaac P,Edwards K.A high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,2004,109(6):1105-1114.
[15]Murphy L R,Santra D,Kidwell K,et al.Linkage maps of wheat stripe rust resistance genes Yr5 and Yr15 for use in marker-assisted selection[J].Crop Science,2009,49(5):1786-1790.
[16]Francis H A,Leitch A R,Koebner R M.Conversion of a RAPD-generated PCR product,containing a novel dispersed repetitive element,into a fast and robust assay for the presence of rye chromatin in wheat[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,1995,90(5):636.
[17]Weng D X,Xu S C,Lin R M,et al.Microsatellite marker linked with stripe rust resistant gene Yr9 in wheat[J].Acta Genetica Sinica,2005,32(9):937-941.
[18]邵映田,牛永春,朱立煌,等.小麦抗条锈病基因Yr10的AFLP标记[J].科学通报,2001,46(8):669-672.
[19]Wang L F,Ma J X,Zhou R H,et al.Molecular tagging of the yellow rust resistance gene Yr10 in common wheat,P.I.178383(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Euphytica,2002,124(1):71-73.
[20]杨文雄,杨芳萍,梁丹,等.中国小麦育成品种和农家种中慢锈基因Lr34/Yr18的分子检测[J].作物学报,2008(7):1109-1113.
[21]Lagudah E S,Mc Fadden H,Singh R P,et al.Molecular genetic characterization of the Lr34/Yr18 slow rusting resistance gene region in wheat[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2006,114:21-30.
[22]Suenaga K,Singh R P,Huerta-Espino J,et al.Microsatellite markers for genes Lr34/Yr18 and other quantitative trait loci for leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in bread wheat[J].Phytopathology,2003,93:881-890.
[23]Spielmeyer W,Mcintosh R A,Kolmer J,et al.Powdery mildew resistance and Lr34/Yr18 genes for durable resistance to leaf and stripe rust cosegregate at a locus on the short arm of chromosome 7D of wheat[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,2005,111(4):731-735.
[24]Wang C,Zhang Y,Han D,et al.SSR and STS markers for wheat stripe rust resistance gene Yr26[J].Euphytica,2008,159(3):359-366.
[25]Ma J,Zhou R,Dong Y,et al.Molecular mapping and detection of the yellow rust resistance gene Yr26 in wheat transferred from Triticum turgidum L.using microsatellite markers[J].Euphytica,2001,120(2):219-226.
[26]金善宝.中国小麦品种及其系谱[M].北京:农业出版社,1983:240-295.
[27]王焕强.青海省农作物品种志2006-2015[M].西宁:青海民族出版社,2016:1-7.
[28]白小军,王宪国,陈东升.宁夏小麦品种慢锈基因Lr34/Yr18的分子检测[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(11):1480-1484.
[2]Line R F,Chen X.Successes in breeding for and managing durable resistance to wheat rusts[J].Plant Disease,1995,79(12):1254-1255.
[3]汪可宁,洪锡午,吴立人,等.1951-1983年我国小麦品种抗条诱性变异分析[J].植物保护学报,1986(2):117-124.
[4]李振岐,商鸿生.小麦锈病及其防治[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1989:214.
[5]赵文生,徐世昌,张敬原,等.小麦品种温度互作中抗条锈微效基因的表达[J].植物保护,2000(4):4-6.
[6]Mcintosh R A.Catalogue of Gene Symbols for Wheat[J].Cereal Research Communications,1975,3(1):69-71.
[7]Dong Z,Hegarty J M,Zhang J,et al.Validation and characterization of a QTL for adult plant resistance to stripe rust on wheat chromosome arm 6BS(Yr78)[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,2017,130(10):2127-2137.
[8]曾庆东,沈川,袁凤平,等.小麦抗条锈病已知基因对中国当前流行小种的有效性分析[J].植物病理学报,2015,45(6):641-650.
[9]伍玲,夏先春,朱华忠,等.CIMMYT 273个小麦品种抗病基因Lr34/Yr18/Pm38的分子标记检测[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(22):4553-4561.
[10]Singh R P,Huertaespino J,Rajaram S,et al.Achieving near-immunity to leaf and stripe rusts in wheat by combining slow rusting resistance genes[J].Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica,2000,35(1):133-139.
[11]韩德俊,王琪琳,张立,等.“西北-华北-长江中下游”条锈病流行区系当前小麦品种(系)抗条锈病性评价[J].中国农业科学,2010(14):2889-2896.
[12]Line R F,Qayoum A.Virulence,aggressiveness,evolution and distribution of races of Puccinia striiformis(the cause of stripe rust of wheat)in North America,1968-87[R].Technical Bulletin(USA),1992.
[13]Hillambroz K L,Brownguedira G L,Fellers J P.Modified rapid DNA extraction protocol for high throughput microsatellite analysis in wheat[J].Crop Science,2002,42(6):2088-2091.
[14]Somers D J,Isaac P,Edwards K.A high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,2004,109(6):1105-1114.
[15]Murphy L R,Santra D,Kidwell K,et al.Linkage maps of wheat stripe rust resistance genes Yr5 and Yr15 for use in marker-assisted selection[J].Crop Science,2009,49(5):1786-1790.
[16]Francis H A,Leitch A R,Koebner R M.Conversion of a RAPD-generated PCR product,containing a novel dispersed repetitive element,into a fast and robust assay for the presence of rye chromatin in wheat[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,1995,90(5):636.
[17]Weng D X,Xu S C,Lin R M,et al.Microsatellite marker linked with stripe rust resistant gene Yr9 in wheat[J].Acta Genetica Sinica,2005,32(9):937-941.
[18]邵映田,牛永春,朱立煌,等.小麦抗条锈病基因Yr10的AFLP标记[J].科学通报,2001,46(8):669-672.
[19]Wang L F,Ma J X,Zhou R H,et al.Molecular tagging of the yellow rust resistance gene Yr10 in common wheat,P.I.178383(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Euphytica,2002,124(1):71-73.
[20]杨文雄,杨芳萍,梁丹,等.中国小麦育成品种和农家种中慢锈基因Lr34/Yr18的分子检测[J].作物学报,2008(7):1109-1113.
[21]Lagudah E S,Mc Fadden H,Singh R P,et al.Molecular genetic characterization of the Lr34/Yr18 slow rusting resistance gene region in wheat[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2006,114:21-30.
[22]Suenaga K,Singh R P,Huerta-Espino J,et al.Microsatellite markers for genes Lr34/Yr18 and other quantitative trait loci for leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in bread wheat[J].Phytopathology,2003,93:881-890.
[23]Spielmeyer W,Mcintosh R A,Kolmer J,et al.Powdery mildew resistance and Lr34/Yr18 genes for durable resistance to leaf and stripe rust cosegregate at a locus on the short arm of chromosome 7D of wheat[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,2005,111(4):731-735.
[24]Wang C,Zhang Y,Han D,et al.SSR and STS markers for wheat stripe rust resistance gene Yr26[J].Euphytica,2008,159(3):359-366.
[25]Ma J,Zhou R,Dong Y,et al.Molecular mapping and detection of the yellow rust resistance gene Yr26 in wheat transferred from Triticum turgidum L.using microsatellite markers[J].Euphytica,2001,120(2):219-226.
[26]金善宝.中国小麦品种及其系谱[M].北京:农业出版社,1983:240-295.
[27]王焕强.青海省农作物品种志2006-2015[M].西宁:青海民族出版社,2016:1-7.
[28]白小军,王宪国,陈东升.宁夏小麦品种慢锈基因Lr34/Yr18的分子检测[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(11):1480-1484.