白三叶抗冻性研究
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摘要
白三叶属豆科车轴草属植物,是一种优良的地被植物,在我国广泛种植,由于其具有抗逆性强、耐修剪、再生力好等特点,已成为城市建植草坪的优质草种,并且白三叶草坪的保绿期特别长,在北方地区平均可达200天以上,故作观赏草坪用。本文对白三叶在生理生化及分子生物学等方面抗冻机理的研究进展进行了综述,其中包括低温下光合作用、膜质不饱和度、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质的变化及白三叶对低温的分子调控机制;揭示了白三叶在抗冻研究及栽培中存在的主要问题,并就进一步提高白三叶抗冻性以提高其在未来园林绿化和草地建设中的作用进行了展望,为其在未来园林绿化中的应用提供理论基础。
Trifoliumis an important leguminous clover species that is widely cultivated in our country.Because of its strong resistance to cutting, regeneration and strong and so has become a city built high quality turf grass seed.White clover has a long grass-green time, in the northern region the grass-green time is more than 200 days.White clover in physiological and biochemical and molecular biological aspects of the mechanism of freezing are reviewed, including:photosynthesis in low temperature, membrane lipid unsaturation, antioxidant enzyme activity, changes in osmolyte and white cloveron the molecular mechanism to low temperature; revealed white clover research and cultivation in frost the main problems, and to further improve the frost resistance of white clover to improve their gardening and lawn in the future the role of building a prospects for the future application of landscaping to provide a theoretical basis.
Trifoliumis an important leguminous clover species that is widely cultivated in our country.Because of its strong resistance to cutting, regeneration and strong and so has become a city built high quality turf grass seed.White clover has a long grass-green time, in the northern region the grass-green time is more than 200 days.White clover in physiological and biochemical and molecular biological aspects of the mechanism of freezing are reviewed, including:photosynthesis in low temperature, membrane lipid unsaturation, antioxidant enzyme activity, changes in osmolyte and white cloveron the molecular mechanism to low temperature; revealed white clover research and cultivation in frost the main problems, and to further improve the frost resistance of white clover to improve their gardening and lawn in the future the role of building a prospects for the future application of landscaping to provide a theoretical basis.
引文
[1]张鹤山,刘洋,王凤,等.18个三叶草品种耐热性综合评价[J].草业科学,2009,26(7):44-49.
[2]梁哲,姜三杰,未丽,等.三叶草基因工程研究进展[J].草叶学报,2009,18(2):205-211.
[3]朱树声,宗树国,吕炎,等.大兴安岭野生红三叶、白三叶草的分布、特性及利用前景[J].内蒙古草业,2003,15(1):21-22.
[4]罗镪.白三叶坪用价值研究[J].草业科学,2006,23(9):123-125.
[5]李思东,刘娣,郑金玲,等.白三叶无性系植物种群整合作用格局的研究[J].植物研究,1999,19(3):335-340.
[6]赵伟,陈雅君,高阳,等.白三叶品种组织结构与抗寒性的关系[J].草地学报,2008,16(3):234-238.
[7]吴广霞,唐献龙,杨德光,等.植物低温胁迫研究进展[J].作物杂志,2008,(3):17-19.
[8]范玉贞.白车轴草对低温胁迫的响应[J].江苏农业科学,2009(1):231-233.
[9]Lyon J M,Raison J K.Oxidative Activity of Mitochondria Isolated from Plant Tissues Sensitive and Resistant to Chilling Injury[J].Plant Physiol,1970,45(4):386-389.
[10]卢存福,贲桂英.低温胁迫下光对苜蓿光合作用的影响[J].中国草地,1994,(5):11-18.
[11]Martin B,Ort D R,Boyer J S.Impainment of Photosynthesis of ChillingTemperatures in tomato[J].Plant Physiol,1981(68):329-334.
[12]杨秀娟,卢欣石,韩瑞宏.苜蓿抗寒机理及抗寒育种研究进展[J].四川草原,2006(2):10-13,24.
[13]Steponkus P L.Role of the Plasma Membrane in Freezing Injury and Cold Acclimation[J].Ann Rev Plant Physiol,1984,35(5):543-584.
[14]刘艳红,安黎哲,郭凤霞,等.高山冰缘植物粗脂肪、可溶性糖和类黄酮的含量变异与环境适应关系的研究[J].冰川冻土,2007,29(6):947-952.
[15]Tronsm O A M,Kobro G,Morgentie S,et al.Carbohydrate Content and Glycosidase Activities following Cold Hardening in Two Grass species[J].Physiol Plant,1993,88:689-695.
[16]安莹,陈雅君,赵伟,等.低温对白三叶膜质过氧化及保护酶活性的影响[J].草原与草坪,2009(3):8-11.
[17]李志亮,邢浩春,杨清,等.白三叶转基因研究进展[J].北方园艺,2009(7):149-152.
[18]Thmoashow M F.Role of Cold-Responsive Genes in Plant Freezing Tolerance Genes in Plant Freezing Tolerance[J].Plant Physiol,1998,118(1-8):118-128.
[19]Bowler C,Alliotte T,de Loose M,et al.The Induction of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase in Response to Stress in NICOTIANAplumbaginifolia[J].EMBO,1989,8(1):31-38.
[20]洪剑明,邱泽生.植物抗性生理(一)[J].生物学通报,1997,32(5):13-15.
[21]张志国.李德伟.现代草坪管理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[2]梁哲,姜三杰,未丽,等.三叶草基因工程研究进展[J].草叶学报,2009,18(2):205-211.
[3]朱树声,宗树国,吕炎,等.大兴安岭野生红三叶、白三叶草的分布、特性及利用前景[J].内蒙古草业,2003,15(1):21-22.
[4]罗镪.白三叶坪用价值研究[J].草业科学,2006,23(9):123-125.
[5]李思东,刘娣,郑金玲,等.白三叶无性系植物种群整合作用格局的研究[J].植物研究,1999,19(3):335-340.
[6]赵伟,陈雅君,高阳,等.白三叶品种组织结构与抗寒性的关系[J].草地学报,2008,16(3):234-238.
[7]吴广霞,唐献龙,杨德光,等.植物低温胁迫研究进展[J].作物杂志,2008,(3):17-19.
[8]范玉贞.白车轴草对低温胁迫的响应[J].江苏农业科学,2009(1):231-233.
[9]Lyon J M,Raison J K.Oxidative Activity of Mitochondria Isolated from Plant Tissues Sensitive and Resistant to Chilling Injury[J].Plant Physiol,1970,45(4):386-389.
[10]卢存福,贲桂英.低温胁迫下光对苜蓿光合作用的影响[J].中国草地,1994,(5):11-18.
[11]Martin B,Ort D R,Boyer J S.Impainment of Photosynthesis of ChillingTemperatures in tomato[J].Plant Physiol,1981(68):329-334.
[12]杨秀娟,卢欣石,韩瑞宏.苜蓿抗寒机理及抗寒育种研究进展[J].四川草原,2006(2):10-13,24.
[13]Steponkus P L.Role of the Plasma Membrane in Freezing Injury and Cold Acclimation[J].Ann Rev Plant Physiol,1984,35(5):543-584.
[14]刘艳红,安黎哲,郭凤霞,等.高山冰缘植物粗脂肪、可溶性糖和类黄酮的含量变异与环境适应关系的研究[J].冰川冻土,2007,29(6):947-952.
[15]Tronsm O A M,Kobro G,Morgentie S,et al.Carbohydrate Content and Glycosidase Activities following Cold Hardening in Two Grass species[J].Physiol Plant,1993,88:689-695.
[16]安莹,陈雅君,赵伟,等.低温对白三叶膜质过氧化及保护酶活性的影响[J].草原与草坪,2009(3):8-11.
[17]李志亮,邢浩春,杨清,等.白三叶转基因研究进展[J].北方园艺,2009(7):149-152.
[18]Thmoashow M F.Role of Cold-Responsive Genes in Plant Freezing Tolerance Genes in Plant Freezing Tolerance[J].Plant Physiol,1998,118(1-8):118-128.
[19]Bowler C,Alliotte T,de Loose M,et al.The Induction of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase in Response to Stress in NICOTIANAplumbaginifolia[J].EMBO,1989,8(1):31-38.
[20]洪剑明,邱泽生.植物抗性生理(一)[J].生物学通报,1997,32(5):13-15.
[21]张志国.李德伟.现代草坪管理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.