大数据环境下面向决策全流程的应急信息融合研究
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摘要
突发事件的爆发伴随着大量相关信息涌现,突发事件大数据虽然丰富了相关信息类型和规模,但造成了应急决策的信息利用障碍。面向应急决策全流程的信息需求进行突发事件大数据信息融合是提升突发事件大数据的应急决策支持力的有效途径。本文以构建面向应急决策全流程信息需求的大数据融合框架及融合路径为目的,首先依据应急决策流程从信息内容、信息特征两个方面归纳突发事件应急决策信息需求,与大数据环境下可获得的应急信息进行对比,识别出应急信息融合的具体目标及问题;进而,构建以应急数据模型为桥梁、面向应急决策服务的信息融合服务整体框架;最后,从数据层、语义层和服务层逐层剖析应急信息融合中的具体问题,并提出相应的信息融合实现路径。研究结论有助于指导突发事件大数据融合系统构建,也为面向决策的信息分析提供实践参考依据。
The outbreak of emergent events is always accompanied with a large number of relevant information.Big data of emergent events not only enriches the type and scale of emergency information,but also hinders the information utilization of emergency decision-making.Fusing emergency information oriented to the information needs throughout the decision-making process is an effective approach to enhance the decision-making support of big data.This study aims to build an emergency big data integration framework and explore the detailed information fusion methods.First of all,we develop information demands both from information contents and characteristic according to the decision-making process of emergent events.Then,identifying the objectives and problems of information fusion with a comparison between information needs of emergent event decision-making and the available emergency information in big data environment.Accordingly,a service-oriented framework of information fusion for emergent event decision-making has been developed with a consideration of data models as the bridge.Finally,specific issues and realizing paths of information fusion have been put forward according to the three layers of emergency information fusion,which include data layer,semantic layer and service-oriented layer.The research findings will help construct emergency integration system of big data,and yield practical implications to decision-oriented information analytics.
The outbreak of emergent events is always accompanied with a large number of relevant information.Big data of emergent events not only enriches the type and scale of emergency information,but also hinders the information utilization of emergency decision-making.Fusing emergency information oriented to the information needs throughout the decision-making process is an effective approach to enhance the decision-making support of big data.This study aims to build an emergency big data integration framework and explore the detailed information fusion methods.First of all,we develop information demands both from information contents and characteristic according to the decision-making process of emergent events.Then,identifying the objectives and problems of information fusion with a comparison between information needs of emergent event decision-making and the available emergency information in big data environment.Accordingly,a service-oriented framework of information fusion for emergent event decision-making has been developed with a consideration of data models as the bridge.Finally,specific issues and realizing paths of information fusion have been put forward according to the three layers of emergency information fusion,which include data layer,semantic layer and service-oriented layer.The research findings will help construct emergency integration system of big data,and yield practical implications to decision-oriented information analytics.
引文
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2刘瀚,张云峰,李超.多源应急信息的融合过程与模型研究[J].价值工程,2015(14):175-176.
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19王恩雁.基于本体的多源异构应急信息融合方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
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23管清云,陈雪龙,王延章.基于距离熵的应急决策层信息融合方法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2015,35(1):216-227.
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28 Petrangeli AB,Preziosi E,Campopiano F,et al.CREGIS-Q:a GIS Tool to Support Decision Making in Case of Aquifer Contamination Emergency[J].PeerJ Preprints,2016,(4):e2235v1.
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30李露.大数据背景下应急管理中的情报信息融合[J].信息化建设,2016,6:390.
33,34 Torma-Krajewski J,Powers J.Open Access in 2010[EB/OL].[2016-10-15].http://mshp.mines.edu/UserFiles/File/MSHP/Decision-Making%20Training%20Manual%20-%20Final%20-%20Updated.pdf.
35 Zhao J,Jin P,Huang G.A Survey on Detecting Public Emergencies from Web Pages[J].AISS:Advances in Information Sciences and Service Sciences,2011,3(3):56-63.
36,37 Nasuti,F.W.Knowledge Acquisition Using Multiple Domain Experts in the Design and Development of an Expert System for Disaster Recovery Planning[D].Florida:Nova Southeastern U-niversity,2000.
38张明红,佘廉.政府应急决策信息有效性研究[J].情报杂志,2016,35(1):140-144.
39,41梁鹏.大数据路径下台风灾害(2001-2010)的传媒预警研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2014.
40维克托·迈尔-舍恩伯格,肯尼思·库克耶.大数据时代-生活、工作与思维的大变革[M].杭州:浙江人民出版社,2013.
42 Huang CM,Chan E and Hyder AA.Web 2.0and Internet Social Networking:A New Tool for Disaster Management-lessons from Taiwan[J].BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making,2010,1(10):57.
43 Power R,Robinson B,Wise C,et al.Information Integration for Emergency Management:Recent CSIRO Case Studies[C]//J.Piantadosi.,RS Anderssen.,&J.Boland(Eds.).20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation.Australia and New Zealand,2013:2061-2067.
44 Zhang D,Zhou L and Nunamaker JF.A Knowledge Management Framework for the Support of Decision Making in Humanitarian Assistance/disaster Relief[J].Knowledge and Information Systems,2002,3(4):370-385.
45徐学强.多传感器信息融合及其应用研究[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2013.
46 Duckham M.Decentralized Spatial Computing:Foundations of Geosensor Networks[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer Science&Business Media,2012.
47 Dong XL and Srivastava D.Big Data Integration[C]//Data Engineering(ICDE),2013IEEE 29th International Conference.Brisbane,2013:1245-1248.48Heiler S.Semantic interoperability[J].ACM Computing Surveys(CSUR),1995,2(27):271-273.
49 Su H,Deng J,Li F.Crowdsourcing Annotations for Visual Object Detection[C]//AAAI press,Workshops at the Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence.Toronto,2012:1-7.
50 Smirnov AV,Pashkin MP,Chilov NG,et al.Ontology-driven Information Integration for Operational Decision Support[C]//IEEE7th International Conference on Information Fusion.Philadelphia,2005,(1):8.
51 Braune S,Brucker AD,Kleser G,et al.A Service-oriented Architecture for Emergency Management Systems[C]//Ralf Reussner,Alexander Pretschner and Stefan Jahnichen,Software Engineering 2011-Workshopband.Karlsruhe,2011:225-232.
2刘瀚,张云峰,李超.多源应急信息的融合过程与模型研究[J].价值工程,2015(14):175-176.
3阎夏卿.应急信息平台需要融合智能[J].计算机世界,2008,33:1-2.
4曾庆茂.基于神经网络和模糊推理的信息融合技术[D].西安:西安科技大学,2005.
5赵红.基于多传感器信息融合的自然灾害应急预警模型研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012.
6,13 Alamdar F,Kalantari M&Rajabifard A.Towards multi-agency Sensor Information Integration for Disaster Management[J].Computers,Environment and Urban Systems,2016,(56):68-85.
7,9 Bunker D,Levine L,and Woody C.Repertoires of Collaboration for Common Operating Pictures of Disasters and Extreme events[J].Information Systems Frontiers,2015,1(17):51-65.
8,27武继锋.多元信息融合的交通干线地质灾害快速应急与监测技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2016.
10,26 Chen N,Wang K,Xiao C,et al.A Heterogeneous Sensor Web Node Meta-model for the Management of a Flood Monitoring System[J].Environmental Modelling&Software,2014,(54):222-237.
11季英凯.江苏省卫生应急事件卫生通信数据与地理信息系统融合的研究[J].江苏科技信息,17:29-32.
12肖潇.基于星地融合的物流信息传输系统研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学,2013.
14 Hwang W Y,Wang C Y&Sharples M.A Study of Multimedia Annotation of Web-based Materials[J].Computers&Education,2007,4(48):680-699.
15 Arndt R,Troncy R,Staab S,et al.Comm:A Core Ontology for Multimedia Annotation[C]//Springer.Handbook on Ontologies.Berlin,2009:403-421.
16,32 Kiryakov A,Popov B,Terziev I,et al.Semantic Annotation,Indexing,and Retrieval[J].Web Semantics:Science,Services and Agents on the World Wide Web,2004,1(2):49-79.
18靖鲲鹏.非常规突发事件应急管理多元信息分层递阶可视化融合研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2013.
19王恩雁.基于本体的多源异构应急信息融合方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
20,21 Chen Y J.Development of a Method for Ontology-based Empirical Knowledge Representation and Reasoning[J].Decision Support Systems,2010,1(50):1-20.
22 Wei Q.Information Fusion in Taxonomic Descriptions[C]//ACM,Proceedings of the 2013International Workshop on Mining Unstructured Big Data Using Natural Language Processing.San Francisco,2013:11-14.
23管清云,陈雪龙,王延章.基于距离熵的应急决策层信息融合方法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2015,35(1):216-227.
24,52 Vatseva R,Solakov D,Tcherkezova E,et al.Applying GISin Seismic Hazard Assessment and Data Integration for Disaster Management[C]//Springer,Intelligent Systems for Crisis Management.Berlin,2013:171-183.
25刘建锋.基于多源信息融合技术的交通安全应急平台建设[J].中国交通信息化,2013,1(3):16-17.
28 Petrangeli AB,Preziosi E,Campopiano F,et al.CREGIS-Q:a GIS Tool to Support Decision Making in Case of Aquifer Contamination Emergency[J].PeerJ Preprints,2016,(4):e2235v1.
29王国华,梁樑,崔哲,等.基于信息融合的动态结构应急资源整合研究[J].现代管理科学,2013,10:6-8.
30李露.大数据背景下应急管理中的情报信息融合[J].信息化建设,2016,6:390.
33,34 Torma-Krajewski J,Powers J.Open Access in 2010[EB/OL].[2016-10-15].http://mshp.mines.edu/UserFiles/File/MSHP/Decision-Making%20Training%20Manual%20-%20Final%20-%20Updated.pdf.
35 Zhao J,Jin P,Huang G.A Survey on Detecting Public Emergencies from Web Pages[J].AISS:Advances in Information Sciences and Service Sciences,2011,3(3):56-63.
36,37 Nasuti,F.W.Knowledge Acquisition Using Multiple Domain Experts in the Design and Development of an Expert System for Disaster Recovery Planning[D].Florida:Nova Southeastern U-niversity,2000.
38张明红,佘廉.政府应急决策信息有效性研究[J].情报杂志,2016,35(1):140-144.
39,41梁鹏.大数据路径下台风灾害(2001-2010)的传媒预警研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2014.
40维克托·迈尔-舍恩伯格,肯尼思·库克耶.大数据时代-生活、工作与思维的大变革[M].杭州:浙江人民出版社,2013.
42 Huang CM,Chan E and Hyder AA.Web 2.0and Internet Social Networking:A New Tool for Disaster Management-lessons from Taiwan[J].BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making,2010,1(10):57.
43 Power R,Robinson B,Wise C,et al.Information Integration for Emergency Management:Recent CSIRO Case Studies[C]//J.Piantadosi.,RS Anderssen.,&J.Boland(Eds.).20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation.Australia and New Zealand,2013:2061-2067.
44 Zhang D,Zhou L and Nunamaker JF.A Knowledge Management Framework for the Support of Decision Making in Humanitarian Assistance/disaster Relief[J].Knowledge and Information Systems,2002,3(4):370-385.
45徐学强.多传感器信息融合及其应用研究[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2013.
46 Duckham M.Decentralized Spatial Computing:Foundations of Geosensor Networks[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer Science&Business Media,2012.
47 Dong XL and Srivastava D.Big Data Integration[C]//Data Engineering(ICDE),2013IEEE 29th International Conference.Brisbane,2013:1245-1248.48Heiler S.Semantic interoperability[J].ACM Computing Surveys(CSUR),1995,2(27):271-273.
49 Su H,Deng J,Li F.Crowdsourcing Annotations for Visual Object Detection[C]//AAAI press,Workshops at the Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence.Toronto,2012:1-7.
50 Smirnov AV,Pashkin MP,Chilov NG,et al.Ontology-driven Information Integration for Operational Decision Support[C]//IEEE7th International Conference on Information Fusion.Philadelphia,2005,(1):8.
51 Braune S,Brucker AD,Kleser G,et al.A Service-oriented Architecture for Emergency Management Systems[C]//Ralf Reussner,Alexander Pretschner and Stefan Jahnichen,Software Engineering 2011-Workshopband.Karlsruhe,2011:225-232.