皮托管式静压探针气动性能的CFD和试验对比研究
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摘要
针对1种用于航空发动机内流道静压测量的皮托管式静压探针,通过CFD仿真计算和风洞试验对其气动性能进行对比研究。结果表明:来流速度在Ma=0.3～0.7范围内,CFD计算结果和试验结果有较高的一致性;探头上的压力系数在不同Ma下具有相同的分布规律,压力最大值出现在探头前端,最小值出现在约x_1/L=0.07处;随着Ma升高,支杆上的附面层分离点前移并导致探头上的压力系数略有增大;试验结果还表明,在x_1/L=0.1处开感压孔能够获得较高的测试精度。
The aerodynamic performance of a pitot static pressure probe used in aeroengine hydrostatic pressure measurement of internal channel was contrasted and studied by CFD simulation and wind tunnel test. The results show that when the velocity of incoming flow is in the range of Ma=0.3～0.7,the calculated results of CFD are in good agreement with the test results. The pressure coefficient on the probe has the same distribution law under different Ma. The maximum pressure appears at the front of the probe and the minimum at about x_1/L=0.07. With the increase of Ma,the separation point of boundary layer on the support rod moves forward and the pressure coefficient on the probe increases slightly. The test results also show that the high test precision can be obtained by opening the sensitive pressure-hole at x_1/L=0.1.
The aerodynamic performance of a pitot static pressure probe used in aeroengine hydrostatic pressure measurement of internal channel was contrasted and studied by CFD simulation and wind tunnel test. The results show that when the velocity of incoming flow is in the range of Ma=0.3～0.7,the calculated results of CFD are in good agreement with the test results. The pressure coefficient on the probe has the same distribution law under different Ma. The maximum pressure appears at the front of the probe and the minimum at about x_1/L=0.07. With the increase of Ma,the separation point of boundary layer on the support rod moves forward and the pressure coefficient on the probe increases slightly. The test results also show that the high test precision can be obtained by opening the sensitive pressure-hole at x_1/L=0.1.
引文
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[14]西北工业大学.航空发动机气动参数测量[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1980:31-34.Northwestern Polytechnical University. Measurement of aerodynamic parameters in aeroengine[M]. Beijing:National Defend Industry Press,1980:31-34.(in Chinese)
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[2]刘笃喜,赵小军,王新刚,等.精密空速校准用微小型静压管设计及参数优化[J].机械设计与制造,2013(2):116-119.LIU Duxi,ZHAO Xiaojun,WANG Xingang,et al. Design and parameter optimization of precision airspeed calibration micro static tube[J]. Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013(2):116-119.(in Chinese)
[3]孙志强,周孑民,张宏建,等.皮托管测量影响因素分析I.检测杆与安装角的影响[J].传感技术学报,2007,20(3):690-693.SUN Zhiqiang,ZHOU Jiemin,ZHANG Hongjian,et al. On the influencing factors in a pitot tube measurement I. Influence of air horn and mounting angle[J]. Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2007,20(3):690-693.(in Chinese)
[4]孙志强,周孑民,张宏建,等.皮托管测量影响因素分析Ⅱ.全压孔与静压孔的影响[J].传感技术学报,2007,20(4):941-944.SUN Zhiqiang,ZHOU Jiemin,ZHANG Hongjian,et al. On the influencing factors in a pitot tube measurementⅡ.Influence of total and static ports[J]. Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2007,20(4):941-944.(in Chinese)
[5]杨欢,秋实,陈思林,等.探头偏转角对皮托管测速精度影响分析[J].测控技术,2012,31(10):12-15.YANG Huan,QIU Shi,CHEN Silin,et al. Impact analysis of the probe deflection angle to the pitot tube in velocity measurement accuracy[J]. Measurement&Control Technology,2012,31(10):12-15.(in Chinese)
[6]祖孝勇,张林,肖斌,等. 3m×2m结冰风洞总压探针和皮托管研制[J].实验流体力学,2016,30(4):76-80.ZU Xiaoyong,ZHANG Lin,XIAO Bin,et al. Study and development of total pressure probe and pitot tube in 3m×2m icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2016,30(4):76-80.(in Chinese)
[7] Shmueli A,Unander T E,Jorgen O L E. Experimental and numerical evaluation and optimization of a non standard pitot/sampling probe[J]. Engineering,2013,5(12):967-974.
[8] Rex K J. Air velocity and flow measurement using a pitot tube[J].Isa Transactions,1998,37(4):257-263.
[9] Boleslaw D,Miroslaw K,Janusz P. A mathematical model of the self-averaging pitot tube A mathematical model of a flow sensor[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2005,16(4):251-265.
[10] Zagarola M V. Mean flow scaling of turbulent pipe flow[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1998,373:33-79.
[11] Masud J. Performance characteristics of flush angle of attack measurement system integrated on a pitot tube[J].AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum&Aerospace Exposition,2014,4(4):549-557.
[12] Wysocki M,Drobniak S. A comparative analysis of correction method for total-head probes in large velocity-gradient flows[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,2001,89(1):31-43.
[13] Lighthill M J. A comparative analysis of correction method for total-head probes in large velocity-gradient flows[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2006,2(5):493-512.
[14]西北工业大学.航空发动机气动参数测量[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1980:31-34.Northwestern Polytechnical University. Measurement of aerodynamic parameters in aeroengine[M]. Beijing:National Defend Industry Press,1980:31-34.(in Chinese)
[15] John D A,Jr. Fundamentals of aerodynamics fifth edition[M].Berkshire:Mc Graw-Hill,2011:24-26.