利用NMRI技术研究致密储层静态渗吸机理
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摘要
全球能源紧缺迫使人们将注意力转移到潜力巨大的致密油上。但是其低孔、低渗的特点使其在开发过程中面临诸多挑战,以毛管力为基础的静态渗吸作用成为开采这类储层的有效方式。为了更清楚地了解流体在致密岩心孔喉中的静态渗吸过程,将核磁共振可视化技术与静态渗吸实验相结合,阐述了核磁共振成像和T_2谱图测试致密岩心静态渗吸排驱效果的原理。核磁共振成像技术能够给出岩心孔隙中流体的二维空间分布,有助于直观了解不同时刻下各孔喉中的静态渗吸排驱效果。T_2谱图能量化体现出致密岩心的静态渗吸排驱效果与机理。T_2谱图所预测的采收率与质量法渗吸实验所测的采收率一致,从而验证了核磁共振成像技术评价致密储层静态渗吸采收率的可行性。该研究旨在为致密储层的开发和评价奠定重要的理论基础。
The concern of global energy shortage urges people to divert their attention to the promising tight oil development.However,there are many challenges in developing the tight reservoirs due to their extremely low porosity and permeability.The spontaneous imbibition based on the capillary pressure can be an effective method fordeveloping the tight reservoirs.The nuclear magnetic resonance imaging(NMRI)in combination with the spontaneous imbibition experiment can provide insight into the process and mechanism of spontaneous imbibition in the tight pore-throats.2-dimensional(2D)reconstructions of insitu oil phase inside a core plugcan be provided by NMR imaging,which is beneficial to analyze the development effectiveness at different spontaneous imbibition stages and further determine which functions would contribute the spontaneous imbibition.In addition,the NMR spin-spin(T_2)relaxation times distribution also revealed the spontaneous imbibition performance and mechanisms.The calculated recovery factor by T_2 spectrum accords well with that of weight change,which verifies the feasibility of evaluating the tight oil reservoir development by NMRI method.This study is aiming to lay a solid foundation for the evaluation and development of tight reservoirs.
The concern of global energy shortage urges people to divert their attention to the promising tight oil development.However,there are many challenges in developing the tight reservoirs due to their extremely low porosity and permeability.The spontaneous imbibition based on the capillary pressure can be an effective method fordeveloping the tight reservoirs.The nuclear magnetic resonance imaging(NMRI)in combination with the spontaneous imbibition experiment can provide insight into the process and mechanism of spontaneous imbibition in the tight pore-throats.2-dimensional(2D)reconstructions of insitu oil phase inside a core plugcan be provided by NMR imaging,which is beneficial to analyze the development effectiveness at different spontaneous imbibition stages and further determine which functions would contribute the spontaneous imbibition.In addition,the NMR spin-spin(T_2)relaxation times distribution also revealed the spontaneous imbibition performance and mechanisms.The calculated recovery factor by T_2 spectrum accords well with that of weight change,which verifies the feasibility of evaluating the tight oil reservoir development by NMRI method.This study is aiming to lay a solid foundation for the evaluation and development of tight reservoirs.
引文
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[2]肖立志.岩石核磁共振研究进展及其应用[J].测井技术,1996,20(1):27-31.Xiao Lizhi.Recent development on nuclear magnetic resonance in rock samples and its application[J].Well Logging Technology,1996,20(1):27-31.
[3]王洪强,付晨东,井连江,等.核磁共振成像技术在岩石物理实验中的应用[J].测井技术,2005,29(2):95-97.Wang Hongqiang,Fu Chendong,Jing Lianjiang,et al.Application of NMR imaging technology in rock petrophysics experiment[J].Well Logging Technology,2005,29(2):95-97.
[4]蒙冕模,葛洪魁,纪文明,等.基于核磁共振技术研究页岩自发渗吸过程[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(5):137-140.Meng Mianmo,Ge Hongkui,Ji Wenming,et al.NMR study on shale spontaneous imbibition[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(5):137-140.
[5]秦积舜,李爱芬.油层物理学[M].青岛:中国石油大学出版社,2006.
[6]蔡建超,郁伯铭.多孔介质自发渗吸研究进展[J].力学进展,2012,42(6):735-754.Cai Jianchao,Yu Boming.Advances in studies of spontaneous imbibition in porous media[J].Advances in Mechanics,2012,42(6):735-754.
[7]Takahashi S,Kovscek A R.Wet ability estimation of low-permeability,siliceous shale using surface force[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2010,75:33-43.
[8]濮御,王秀宇,濮玲.静态渗吸对致密油开采效果的影响及其应用[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2016,29(3):23-27.Pu Yu,Wang Xiuyu,Pu Ling.Effect of spontaneous imbibition on tight reservoirs[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2016,29(3):23-27.
[9]张星.低渗透砂岩油藏渗吸规律研究[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2013.
[10]刘卫东,姚同玉.表面活性剂体系渗吸[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.
[11]Bourbiaux J B,Kalayjian F J.Experimental study of cocurrent and countercurrent flows in natural porous media[J].SPE RE&Ev.,1990,5(3):361-368.
[12]Pooladi-Darvish and Firoozabadi.Cocurrent and countercurrent imbibition in a water-wet matrix block[J].SPE Journal,2000,51:3-11.