鄂尔多斯盆地长7致密油储层岩心渗吸试验
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摘要
根据对水渗吸理论和渗吸试验的研究,渗吸作用力主要为重力和毛管力,两种作用力在不同渗吸条件和渗流阶段占不同的主导地位。采用核磁共振技术,结合长7致密油岩心渗吸试验,在核磁分析岩心内部孔喉结构和精确度量油水饱和度变化的前提下对渗吸结果进行分析。结果表明:静态渗吸采收率与Bond数的倒数密切相关,鄂尔多斯盆地长7致密岩心渗吸采收率为30%~35%,最佳渗吸采收率时的Bond数倒数值约为1。对比动态渗吸驱替与静态渗吸试验结果发现,驱替速率越小,大孔喉内原油采收率越低,而小孔喉内的油水饱和度基本相同。鄂尔多斯盆地致密油长7储层渗吸规律的研究,为致密油注水吞吐开发、提高裂缝性水湿油藏的采收率提供理论基础。
The spontaneous imbibition in porous media,as one of frontier subjects in percolation studies of fractured reservoirs,has been investigated in the development of tight oil reservoirs via water-flood huff and puff process. It has indicated that,based on the current research,water imbibition mainly depends on the relative contribution of capillary and gravity forces,which are dominated by different regimes in different fluid systems. In this study,based on the NMR analysis method,the imbibition experiments of Chang7 tight oil cores were carried out,and the experimental data were analyzed with fully understanding the pore-throat structures and accurate oil/water saturation from the NMR analysis. The experimental results show that the final oil recovery is closely related to the inverse Bond number in static imbibition experiments. The ultimate oil recovery of Chang7 tight oil cores is 30%-35%,and the critical inverse Bond number required to achieve the maximum oil recovery is about 1. In comparison of the static imbibition and dynamic displacement experiments,the results show that the smaller of the dynamic displacement rate,the lower of the oil recovery in the large pore-throat regions,while the distribution of oil and water saturation is basically the same in small pore-throat regions. The experimental study on the water imbibition of Chang7 tight oil cores in Erdos Basin can provide useful guidelines for improved oil recovery via applying the water-flood huff and puff technique in tight and fractured oil reservoirs.
The spontaneous imbibition in porous media,as one of frontier subjects in percolation studies of fractured reservoirs,has been investigated in the development of tight oil reservoirs via water-flood huff and puff process. It has indicated that,based on the current research,water imbibition mainly depends on the relative contribution of capillary and gravity forces,which are dominated by different regimes in different fluid systems. In this study,based on the NMR analysis method,the imbibition experiments of Chang7 tight oil cores were carried out,and the experimental data were analyzed with fully understanding the pore-throat structures and accurate oil/water saturation from the NMR analysis. The experimental results show that the final oil recovery is closely related to the inverse Bond number in static imbibition experiments. The ultimate oil recovery of Chang7 tight oil cores is 30%-35%,and the critical inverse Bond number required to achieve the maximum oil recovery is about 1. In comparison of the static imbibition and dynamic displacement experiments,the results show that the smaller of the dynamic displacement rate,the lower of the oil recovery in the large pore-throat regions,while the distribution of oil and water saturation is basically the same in small pore-throat regions. The experimental study on the water imbibition of Chang7 tight oil cores in Erdos Basin can provide useful guidelines for improved oil recovery via applying the water-flood huff and puff technique in tight and fractured oil reservoirs.
引文
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[12]BABADAGLI T.Analysis of oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition of surfactant solution[J].Oil&Gas Science&Technology,2003,60(4):697-710.
[13]ELAMIN M F,SALAMA A,SUN S.Effects of gravity and inlet location on a two-phase countercurrent imbibition in porous media[J].International Journal of Chemical Engineering,2012,210128:1-7.
[14]ELAMIN M F,SUN S.Effects of gravity and inlet/outlet location on a two-phase cocurrent imbibition in porous media[J].Journal of Applied Mathematics,2011,673523:1-21.
[15]ALATTAR H H.Experimental study of spontaneous capillary imbibition in selected carbonate core samples[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2010,70(3/4):320-326.
[16]LI K W,HORNE R N.Generalized scaling approach for spontaneous imbibition:an analytical model[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,2006,9(3):251-258.
[17]ELAMIN M F,SALAMA A,SUN S.Numerical and dimensional investigation of two-phase countercurrent imbibition in porous media[J].Journal of Computational&Applied Mathematics,2013,242(1):285-296.
[18]BEHBAHANI H S,DONATO G D,BLUNT M J.Simulation of counter-current imbibition in water-wet fractured reservoirs[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2006,50(1):21-39.
[19]齐银,张宁生,任晓娟,等.裂缝性储层岩石自吸水性实验研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,20(1):34-36.QI Yin,ZHANG Ningsheng,REN Xiaojuan,et al.Experimental study on the hydroscopicity of fracture reservoir[J].Journal of Xian Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2005,20(1):34-36.
[20]蔡建超,郁伯铭.多孔介质自发渗吸研究进展[J].力学进展,2012,42(6):735-754.CAI Jianchao,YU Boming.Advances in studies of spontaneous imbibition in porous media[J].Advances in Mechanics,2012,42(6):735-754.
[21]FAZELI H,FATHI R,ATASHDEHGHAN A.Application of homotopy perturbation method to nonlinear equations describing cocurrent and countercurrent imbibition in fractured porous media[J].Journal of Chemical&Petroleum Engineering,2012,46(1):13-29.
[22]郁伯铭.多孔介质输运性质的分形分析研究进展[J].力学进展,2003,33(3):333-346.YU Boming.Advances of fractal analysis of transport properties for porous media[J].Advances in Mechanics,2003,33(3):333-346.
[23]LUCAS R.Rate of capillary ascension of liquids[J].Kolloid-Zeitschrift,1918,23(7):15-22.
[24]WASHBURN E W.The dynamics of capillary flow[J].Phys Rev,1921,17(3):273-283.
[25]TERZAGHI K.Theoretical soil mechanics[M].New York:Willey,1943.
[26]HANDY L L.Determination of effective capillary pressures for porous media from imbibition data[J].Pet Trans AIME,1960,219:75-80.
[27]LI K W,HORNE R N.Characterization of spontaneous water imbibition into gas-saturated rocks[J].SPEJ,2001,6(4):375-384.
[28]LI K W,HORNE R N.An analytical scaling method for spontaneous imbibition in gas-water-rock system[J].SPEJ,2004,9(3):322-329.
[29]ALLAWATI S,SALEH S.Oil recovery in fractured oil reservoirs by low IFT imbibition process[R].SPE36688,1996.
[30]肖秋生,朱巨义.岩样核磁共振分析方法及其在油田勘探中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(1):97-100.XIAO Qiusheng,ZHU Juyi.Analysis method of rock NMR and its application in oilfield exploration[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(1):97-100.
[31]赵蕾.核磁共振在储层物性测定中的研究及应用[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2010.ZHAO Lei.Research and application of NMR in measurement of reservoir physical[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum,2010.
[32]郎东江,伦增珉,吕成远,等.致密砂岩储层流体参数核磁共振实验研究[J].CT理论与应用研究,2015,24(2):251-259.LANG Dongjiang,LUN Zengmin,LChengyuan,et al.Study of tight sandstone reservoir core fluid parameters by NMR[J].CT Theory and Applications,2015,24(2):251-259.
[33]李爱芬,任晓霞,王桂娟,等.核磁共振研究致密砂岩孔隙结构的方法及应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(6):92-98.LI Aifen,REN Xiaoxia,WANG Guijuan,et al.Characterization of pore structure of low permeability reservoirs using a nuclear magnetic resonance method[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(6):92-98.
[34]DUPREY L.Gravity and capillary effects during imbibition[J].SPEJ,1978,18(6):927-935.
[35]黄延章.低渗透油层渗流机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[36]王学武,杨正明,时宇,等.核磁共振研究低渗透砂岩油水两相渗流规律[J].科技导报,2009,27(15):56-58.WANG Xuewu,YANG Zhengming,SHI Yu,et al.Experimental study of water-oil two-phase fluid flow in low permeability reservoir by nuclear magnetic resonance[J].Review of Science&Technology,2009,27(15):56-58.
[2]ARONOFSKY J S,MASSE L,NATANSON S G.A model for the mechanism of oil recovery from the porous matrix due to water invasion in fractured reservoirs[J].Trans AIME,1958,213:17-19.
[3]陈俊宇,唐海,徐学成,等.裂缝性低渗砂岩油藏渗吸驱油效果的影响因素分析[J].内蒙古石油化工,2007,33(4):85-88.CHEN Junyu,TANG Hai,XU Xuecheng,et al.The analysis of the factors that influence the effect of imbibition displacement in low permeability fracturing sandstone reservoir[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2007,33(4):85-88.
[4]KAZEMI H,MERRILL L S.Numerical simulation of water-oil flow in naturally fractured reservoirs[J].SPEJ,1976,16(6):317-326.
[5]GUO B,SCHECHTER D S,BAKER R O,et al.An integrated study of imbibition water flooding in the naturally fractured spraberry[R].SPE 39801-MS,1998.
[6]MATTAX C C,KYTE J R.Imbibition oil recovery from fractured,water-drive reservoir[J].SPEJ,1962,2(2):177-184.
[7]ALHUTHALI A,DATTA-GUPTA A.Streamline simulation of counter-current imbibition in naturally fractured reservoirs[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2004,43(3/4):271-300.
[8]BABADAGLI T.Selection of proper EOR method for efficient matrix recovery in naturally fractured reservoirs[R].SPE 69546-MS,2001.
[9]李晓辉.致密油注水吞吐采油技术在吐哈油田的探索[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(4):144-146.LI Xiaohui.Application of cyclic water injection for tight oil production in the Tuha Oilfield[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(4):144-146.
[10]吴应川,张惠芳,代华.利用渗吸法提高低渗油藏采收率技术[J].断块油气田,2009,16(2):80-82.WU Yingchuan,ZHANG Huifang,DAI Hua.Using imbibition method to improve recovery efficiency of low permeability reservoir[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(2):80-82.
[11]CIVAN F,RASMUSSEN M L.Asymptotic analytical solutions for imbibition waterfloods in fractured reservoirs[J].SPEJ,2001,6(2):171-181.
[12]BABADAGLI T.Analysis of oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition of surfactant solution[J].Oil&Gas Science&Technology,2003,60(4):697-710.
[13]ELAMIN M F,SALAMA A,SUN S.Effects of gravity and inlet location on a two-phase countercurrent imbibition in porous media[J].International Journal of Chemical Engineering,2012,210128:1-7.
[14]ELAMIN M F,SUN S.Effects of gravity and inlet/outlet location on a two-phase cocurrent imbibition in porous media[J].Journal of Applied Mathematics,2011,673523:1-21.
[15]ALATTAR H H.Experimental study of spontaneous capillary imbibition in selected carbonate core samples[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2010,70(3/4):320-326.
[16]LI K W,HORNE R N.Generalized scaling approach for spontaneous imbibition:an analytical model[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,2006,9(3):251-258.
[17]ELAMIN M F,SALAMA A,SUN S.Numerical and dimensional investigation of two-phase countercurrent imbibition in porous media[J].Journal of Computational&Applied Mathematics,2013,242(1):285-296.
[18]BEHBAHANI H S,DONATO G D,BLUNT M J.Simulation of counter-current imbibition in water-wet fractured reservoirs[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2006,50(1):21-39.
[19]齐银,张宁生,任晓娟,等.裂缝性储层岩石自吸水性实验研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,20(1):34-36.QI Yin,ZHANG Ningsheng,REN Xiaojuan,et al.Experimental study on the hydroscopicity of fracture reservoir[J].Journal of Xian Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2005,20(1):34-36.
[20]蔡建超,郁伯铭.多孔介质自发渗吸研究进展[J].力学进展,2012,42(6):735-754.CAI Jianchao,YU Boming.Advances in studies of spontaneous imbibition in porous media[J].Advances in Mechanics,2012,42(6):735-754.
[21]FAZELI H,FATHI R,ATASHDEHGHAN A.Application of homotopy perturbation method to nonlinear equations describing cocurrent and countercurrent imbibition in fractured porous media[J].Journal of Chemical&Petroleum Engineering,2012,46(1):13-29.
[22]郁伯铭.多孔介质输运性质的分形分析研究进展[J].力学进展,2003,33(3):333-346.YU Boming.Advances of fractal analysis of transport properties for porous media[J].Advances in Mechanics,2003,33(3):333-346.
[23]LUCAS R.Rate of capillary ascension of liquids[J].Kolloid-Zeitschrift,1918,23(7):15-22.
[24]WASHBURN E W.The dynamics of capillary flow[J].Phys Rev,1921,17(3):273-283.
[25]TERZAGHI K.Theoretical soil mechanics[M].New York:Willey,1943.
[26]HANDY L L.Determination of effective capillary pressures for porous media from imbibition data[J].Pet Trans AIME,1960,219:75-80.
[27]LI K W,HORNE R N.Characterization of spontaneous water imbibition into gas-saturated rocks[J].SPEJ,2001,6(4):375-384.
[28]LI K W,HORNE R N.An analytical scaling method for spontaneous imbibition in gas-water-rock system[J].SPEJ,2004,9(3):322-329.
[29]ALLAWATI S,SALEH S.Oil recovery in fractured oil reservoirs by low IFT imbibition process[R].SPE36688,1996.
[30]肖秋生,朱巨义.岩样核磁共振分析方法及其在油田勘探中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(1):97-100.XIAO Qiusheng,ZHU Juyi.Analysis method of rock NMR and its application in oilfield exploration[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(1):97-100.
[31]赵蕾.核磁共振在储层物性测定中的研究及应用[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2010.ZHAO Lei.Research and application of NMR in measurement of reservoir physical[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum,2010.
[32]郎东江,伦增珉,吕成远,等.致密砂岩储层流体参数核磁共振实验研究[J].CT理论与应用研究,2015,24(2):251-259.LANG Dongjiang,LUN Zengmin,LChengyuan,et al.Study of tight sandstone reservoir core fluid parameters by NMR[J].CT Theory and Applications,2015,24(2):251-259.
[33]李爱芬,任晓霞,王桂娟,等.核磁共振研究致密砂岩孔隙结构的方法及应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(6):92-98.LI Aifen,REN Xiaoxia,WANG Guijuan,et al.Characterization of pore structure of low permeability reservoirs using a nuclear magnetic resonance method[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(6):92-98.
[34]DUPREY L.Gravity and capillary effects during imbibition[J].SPEJ,1978,18(6):927-935.
[35]黄延章.低渗透油层渗流机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[36]王学武,杨正明,时宇,等.核磁共振研究低渗透砂岩油水两相渗流规律[J].科技导报,2009,27(15):56-58.WANG Xuewu,YANG Zhengming,SHI Yu,et al.Experimental study of water-oil two-phase fluid flow in low permeability reservoir by nuclear magnetic resonance[J].Review of Science&Technology,2009,27(15):56-58.