大长径比模型多维气动力测量天平设计
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摘要
针对大长径比模型测力天平极易出现的向间干扰大和固有频率低的难题,从理论上得到了最小向间干扰下的外力作用点位置;利用ANSYS分析,得出天平最高固有频率下的传感器最优跨距。根据力作用点位置和最优跨距,完成了天平结构设计。对设计的压电天平进行性能评定,计算非线性、重复性和向间干扰等静态精度指标。试验结果表明:设计的压电天平具有向间干扰小(2%)、量程大(12 000 N)、固有频率高(600 Hz)等优点。
Aiming at the two problems of large interphase interference and low natural frequency of large lengthdiameter ratio model force measurement balance,on one hand,theoretically obtain the position of external force point of action under the minimum interphase interference;on the other hand,obtain the optimal span of sensor at the highest natural frequency by ANSYS analysis. According to the position of external force point and the optimal span,the balance structure is designed. The performance of the designed piezoelectric balance is evaluated,calculate the static precision indexes such as nonlinearity,repeatability and interphase interference. Test results show that the piezoelectric balance possesses the advantages of small interphase interference of 2 %,large scale of12 000 N,high natural frequency of 600 Hz,and so on.
Aiming at the two problems of large interphase interference and low natural frequency of large lengthdiameter ratio model force measurement balance,on one hand,theoretically obtain the position of external force point of action under the minimum interphase interference;on the other hand,obtain the optimal span of sensor at the highest natural frequency by ANSYS analysis. According to the position of external force point and the optimal span,the balance structure is designed. The performance of the designed piezoelectric balance is evaluated,calculate the static precision indexes such as nonlinearity,repeatability and interphase interference. Test results show that the piezoelectric balance possesses the advantages of small interphase interference of 2 %,large scale of12 000 N,high natural frequency of 600 Hz,and so on.
引文
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[2]叶友达.高超声速空气动力学研究进展与趋势[J].科学通报,2015,60(12):1095-1103.
[3]贺德馨.风洞天平[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001:67-200.
[4]徐科军,杨双龙,张进,等.杆式风洞应变天平动态实验、建模与补偿[J].仪器仪表学报,2009,30(10):2123-2130.
[5]贺伟,高昌,张小庆,等.脉冲燃烧风洞测力天平研制与应用[J].实验流体力学,2016,30(4):66-70.
[6] Marineau E C,Lean M M,Mundy E P,et al. Force measurements in hypervelocity flows with an acceleration-compensated straingauge balance[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets,2015,49(3):474-482.
[7] Murphy K J,Nowak R J,Thompson R A,et al. X—33 hypersonic aerodynamic characteristics[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets,1999,38(5):670-683.
[8]王飞.五维力杆式压电天平的研制[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015:1-5.
[9] Liu H S,Qi X Q,LU. Z G,et al. The study of balance test for the heavy model in shock tunnel[J]. ATCA Aerodynamica Sinica,2006,24(3):319-324.
[10]孙宝元,张贻恭.压电石英力传感器及动态切削测力仪[M].北京:计量出版社出版,1985:89-91.