基于场路耦合的磁阀式可控电抗器损耗特性分析
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摘要
磁阀式可控电抗器(MCR)因磁阀处铁芯截面积减小而导致局部磁密增大,加之MCR铁芯常工作于饱和状态,因此其损耗较常规的变压器、电抗器大得多。这些损耗引起局部温升过高,影响MCR的正常运行甚至造成过热损坏。不同的磁阀结构对MCR的漏磁、损耗的影响难以通过其等效模型反映,需要采用场路耦合的方法建立电-磁-热多物理场模型进行分析。本文针对集中式、两侧分布式和均匀分布式3种不同磁阀结构的MCR在有限元仿真软件中建立模型研究其损耗特性。此外,考虑到均匀分布式磁阀在实际加工中往往由硅钢片与磁阻材料堆叠而成,对不理想的工艺条件导致的磁阀的不规则分布及其损耗特性进行了分析。仿真结果表明,理想情况下均匀分布式磁阀结构的MCR漏磁最小,损耗最低;不规则分布磁阀会引起局部损耗过高。最后,分析了均匀分布式磁阀结构MCR的温度场分布,为其实际运维中的温度检测提供理论指导。
Due to smaller cross-section area at the locatin of controlling magnetic valve,magnetic control reactor(MCR)has excessive local magnetic density. Because the core of MCR often works in saturation state,its loss is much larger than that of conventional transformer and reactor. These losses ensure local temperature raise to affect the normal operation of MCR and even incur overheating damage. The currently available equivalent model fails to reflect the effect of different magnetic valve structures on the leakage and loss of MCR. It is desirable to establish an electro-magnetic-thermal multi-physical field model for more proficient analysis by field-circuit coupling method. In this paper,the loss characteristics of MCR with centralized,bilaterally distributed and uniformly distributed magnetic valves are studied by finite element method. In view of that the uniformly distributed magnetic valves are often stacked with silicon steel sheets and magnetic resistance material in practical process,the loss characteristics of irregular distribution magnetic valves caused by unsatisfactory process conditions are also expored. The simulation results show that under ideal conditions,the MCR with uniformly distributed magnetic valve structure has the smallest leakage and the lowest loss,and the irregular distributed magnetic valve will cause excessive local loss. Accordingly,the temperature field of MCR with uniformly distributed magnetic valve structure is further analyzed to provide theoretical guidance for temperature detection in practical operation and maintenance.
Due to smaller cross-section area at the locatin of controlling magnetic valve,magnetic control reactor(MCR)has excessive local magnetic density. Because the core of MCR often works in saturation state,its loss is much larger than that of conventional transformer and reactor. These losses ensure local temperature raise to affect the normal operation of MCR and even incur overheating damage. The currently available equivalent model fails to reflect the effect of different magnetic valve structures on the leakage and loss of MCR. It is desirable to establish an electro-magnetic-thermal multi-physical field model for more proficient analysis by field-circuit coupling method. In this paper,the loss characteristics of MCR with centralized,bilaterally distributed and uniformly distributed magnetic valves are studied by finite element method. In view of that the uniformly distributed magnetic valves are often stacked with silicon steel sheets and magnetic resistance material in practical process,the loss characteristics of irregular distribution magnetic valves caused by unsatisfactory process conditions are also expored. The simulation results show that under ideal conditions,the MCR with uniformly distributed magnetic valve structure has the smallest leakage and the lowest loss,and the irregular distributed magnetic valve will cause excessive local loss. Accordingly,the temperature field of MCR with uniformly distributed magnetic valve structure is further analyzed to provide theoretical guidance for temperature detection in practical operation and maintenance.
引文
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[2]周腊吾.新型特高压可控电抗器的理论及应用[D].长沙:湖南大学,2008.
[3]田铭兴,励庆孚,王曙鸿.磁饱和式可控电抗器的等效物理模型及其数学模型[J].电工技术学报,2002,17(4):18-21.TIAN Mingxing,LI Qingfu,WANG Shuhong.An equivalent physical model and a mathematical model of the controlled saturable rreactor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2002,17(4):18-21.
[4]田铭兴,杨秀川,杨雪凇.基于Matlab多绕组变压器模型的磁饱和式可控电抗器仿真建模方法[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(3):78-81.TIAN Mingxing,YANG Xiuchuan,YANG Xuesong.Modeling of magnetically saturation controllable reactor based on multi-winding transformer models of Matlab[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(3):78-81.
[5]张月.磁控饱和电抗器磁场与损耗计算[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2012.
[6]贺新营,李琳.磁阀式可控电抗器设计方法研究[J].智能电网,2016,4(5):519-523.HE Xinying,LI Lin.Study on the design method of magnetic-valve controllable reactor[J].Smart Grid,2016,4(5):519-523.
[7]陈绪轩,田翠华,陈柏超,等.多级饱和磁阀式可控电抗器谐波分析数学模型[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(3):57-64.CHEN Xuxuan,TIAN Cuihua,CHEN Baichao,et al.Mathematical model for harmonics analysis of the multi-stage saturable magnetic-valve controllable reactor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(3):57-64.
[8]XU Xuan,CHEN Baichao,CHEN Cuihua,et al.Modeling and harmonic optimization of a two-stage saturable magnetically controlled reactor for an arc suppression coil[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(7):2824-2831.
[9]XU X,WANG B.Optimal design and modeling of the multistage saturable magnetically controlled reactor[C].2017 Process in Electromagnetics Research Symposium-Spring,2017:76-81
[10]位大亮,章宝歌,韩啸.磁阀式可控电抗器性能优化研究[J].郑州大学学报:理学版,2015,47(3):105-109.WEI Daliang,ZHANG Baoge,HAN Xiao.The optimization research for performance of magnetic-valve controllable reactor[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University(Science Edition),2015,47(3):105-109.
[11]章宝歌,位大亮,韩啸.基于ANSYS有限元的磁阀式可控电抗器的磁路模型研究[J].电源学报,2016,14(1):74-79.ZHANG Baoge,WEI Daliang,HAN Xiao.Study on magnetic circuit model of magnetic-valve controllable reactor based on ANSYS[J].Journal of Power Supply,2016,14(1):74-79.
[12]谢鹏康,陈恒林,陈国柱.并联磁阀三相六柱式磁阀式可控电抗器磁损特性[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2015,49(12):2418-2424.XIE Pengkang,CHEN Henglin,CHEN Guozhu.Magnetic loss characteristics of three-phase hexastyle magnetically controlled reactors with hexastyle and parallel-valve structure[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2015,49(12):2418-2424.
[13]欧振国.磁控电抗器的损耗研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2014.