施密特自然与社会双向中介的解蔽与遮蔽——读阿尔弗雷德·施密特《马克思的自然概念》
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摘要
施密特在马克思非本体论唯物主义哲学基础上,探讨了人与自然的关系。自然的社会中介反映了自然与社会的非同一性,施密特以此反对卢卡奇的同一性,并阐述了马克思的自然观。通过物质变换概念,施密特又提出社会的自然中介,由此导致其理论逻辑出现矛盾,且使马克思的历史唯物主义倒退回一般唯物主义。在自然与社会的双向中介中,施密特由于对前后两个自然概念的理解不清,从而造成前后两个命题在理论层面上的错位。
On the basis of Marx' s non-ontological materialism philosophy,Schmidt discussed the relationship between human and nature. The mediation of nature through society reflects the non-identity of nature and society. Schmidt opposes the identity of Lukacs and expounds Marx' s view of nature. Through the concept of metabolism,Schmidt put forward the mediation of society through nature,which led to the contradiction of theoretical logic,and made Marx' s historical materialism return to general materialism. In the mutual mediation between nature and society,schmidt's unclear understanding of the two natural concepts leads to the dislocation of the two propositions on the theoretical level.
On the basis of Marx' s non-ontological materialism philosophy,Schmidt discussed the relationship between human and nature. The mediation of nature through society reflects the non-identity of nature and society. Schmidt opposes the identity of Lukacs and expounds Marx' s view of nature. Through the concept of metabolism,Schmidt put forward the mediation of society through nature,which led to the contradiction of theoretical logic,and made Marx' s historical materialism return to general materialism. In the mutual mediation between nature and society,schmidt's unclear understanding of the two natural concepts leads to the dislocation of the two propositions on the theoretical level.
引文
[1][德]A.施密特.赵鑫珊校.马克思的自然概念[M].欧力同,吴仲昉译.北京:商务印书馆,1988.
[2]Alfred Schmidt. Der Begriff der Natur in der Lehre von Marx[M]. Hamburg:Europische Verlagsanstalt,1993.
[3]Alfred Schmidt,The Concept of Nature in Marx[M]. London:NLB,1971.
[4]Kohei Saito,Karl Marx’s Ecosocialism[M]. New York:Monthly Review Press,2017.
[5]John Bellamy Foster,Marx and the Rift in the Universal Metabolism of Nature[J]. Monthly Review,2013(12).
[6]张一兵.文本的深度耕犁(第1卷):西方马克思主义经典文本解读[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004.
[7][德]C. E.福尔格拉夫.马克思论发达的资本主义生产对社会物质变换的逐渐破坏[J].马克思主义与现实,2017(1).
[2]Alfred Schmidt. Der Begriff der Natur in der Lehre von Marx[M]. Hamburg:Europische Verlagsanstalt,1993.
[3]Alfred Schmidt,The Concept of Nature in Marx[M]. London:NLB,1971.
[4]Kohei Saito,Karl Marx’s Ecosocialism[M]. New York:Monthly Review Press,2017.
[5]John Bellamy Foster,Marx and the Rift in the Universal Metabolism of Nature[J]. Monthly Review,2013(12).
[6]张一兵.文本的深度耕犁(第1卷):西方马克思主义经典文本解读[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004.
[7][德]C. E.福尔格拉夫.马克思论发达的资本主义生产对社会物质变换的逐渐破坏[J].马克思主义与现实,2017(1).