叶片泵入流畸变的研究现状与展望
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摘要
入流畸变是各种叶片泵入口来流的普遍现象,其本质问题在于入口处流场的不对称性。在高温、高压、高转速和大流量情况下,入流畸变对泵的影响不容忽视,传统设计的均匀入流假设已经不能满足实际要求。在分析叶片泵入流畸变来源及形式的基础上,笔者论述了激光多普勒测速和粒子成像测速实验方法在研究中的应用,以及直接模拟计算法、大涡模拟法和雷诺时均法等计算方法在研究中的作用,进一步分析了入流畸变对泵相关特性的影响。提出今后可从高温工况下温度场的影响、入流畸变内部流体流动规律与泵性能的定量关系等方面进行研究,对于核设备中的冷却水泵、轻工用泵等的研究工作具指导作用。
Harmful inlet situation-inflow distortion exists in field of rotating fluid machinery like pumps which is mainly caused by the asymmetric inlet flow field. In specific situations such as high temperature,high pressure,high speed and high volume mass flow,the influence of inflow distortion cannot be neglected. The uniform inflow hypothesis in traditional design cannot meet the practical requirements now. The mainstream researching methods about the inflow distortion were introduced, including experimental measurements( laser Doppler velocity and particle imaging velocimetry,etc.) and numerical simulation( direct numerical simulation,large eddy simulation and Reynolds average navier-stokes),for further analysis of the inflow distortion characteristics related to the pump. The research can start with the influence of high temperature field,the quantitative relationship between fluid flow pattern of inflow distortion and pump performance,which is instructional for the research of cooling water pump in the nuclear equipment and the pump used in light industry.
Harmful inlet situation-inflow distortion exists in field of rotating fluid machinery like pumps which is mainly caused by the asymmetric inlet flow field. In specific situations such as high temperature,high pressure,high speed and high volume mass flow,the influence of inflow distortion cannot be neglected. The uniform inflow hypothesis in traditional design cannot meet the practical requirements now. The mainstream researching methods about the inflow distortion were introduced, including experimental measurements( laser Doppler velocity and particle imaging velocimetry,etc.) and numerical simulation( direct numerical simulation,large eddy simulation and Reynolds average navier-stokes),for further analysis of the inflow distortion characteristics related to the pump. The research can start with the influence of high temperature field,the quantitative relationship between fluid flow pattern of inflow distortion and pump performance,which is instructional for the research of cooling water pump in the nuclear equipment and the pump used in light industry.
引文
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[12]刘玥,梁忠生,鲍锋.粒子成像测速:非介入式全场技术[J].中国科技信息,2010(13):37-40.
[13]王秀礼,朱荣生,俞志君,等.基于CFD技术的旋流泵优化设计与试验研究[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(6):445-448.
[14]黄伟,张文其,陶文铨,等.蒸气发生器下封头/主泵连接处流动特性试验研究[J].核动力工程,2004,23(2):38-42.
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[16]XU Zhaofeng,YI Fan,LIU Shuhong,et al.2D PIV experiments on non-uniform flow in a rectangular open model pump suction passage[C]//Fluids Engineering Division.ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition.Orlando,Florida,USA:ASME,2005:523-530.
[17]FERNANDEZ O J M,GONZALEZ P J.Numerical modelling of hydraulic turbomachines:a historical review[J].Ingeniería del agua,2014,18(1):15.
[18]JOHNSTON J P.Effects of system rotation on turbulence structure:a review relevant to turbomachinery flows[J].International journal of rotating machinery,1998,4(2):97-112.
[19]聂建虎.三维复杂区域内湍流流动的试验研究及数值研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2001:77-89.
[20]徐益荣.非均匀来流条件下离心泵内部流动数值模拟[D].西安:西安理工大学,2013:13-30.
[21]张丽萍.非均匀来流条件下轴流泵内部压力脉动数值模拟研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013:38-52.
[22]王凤华,杨爱玲,戴韧,等.前弯叶片对轴流泵噪声辐射性能的影响[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(6):440-444.
[23]杜媛英,高强,尚长春,等.基于大涡模拟的导叶式混流泵叶轮内压力脉动特性分析[J].西华大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(4):75-78.
[24]颜禹,陆晓峰,朱晓磊.进口弯管及前置扰流子对离心泵性能影响[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(20):74-81.
[25]张富源,张文其.AC600蒸气发生器水室挡板的设计与模拟试验研究[J].核动力工程,1998,19(1):26-32.
[26]仇宝云,林海江,黄季艳,等.大型立式轴流泵叶片进口流场及其对水泵影响研究[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(4):28-34.
[27]XIA Shuan,WENG Minghui,QIU Jian,et al.Steam generator and reactor coolant pump coupled flow field analysis[C]//18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering.Xi'an:ASME,2010:205-214.
[28]侯向陶,王鹏飞,许忠斌,等.蒸气发生器下封头对核主泵入口流场影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(4):277-282.
[29]CHENG Hui,LI Hua,YIN Junlian,et al.Investigation of the distortion suction flow on the performance of the canned nuclear coolant pump[C]//ISFMFE-6th International Symposium on Fluid Machinery and Fluid Engineering.Wuhan:IET,2014:166-171.
[30]施卫东,张光建,张德胜,等.入口非均匀流对轴流泵性能和压力脉动的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,34(4):277-282.
[31]VALLE J D,BRAISTED D M,BRENNEN C E.The effects of inlet flow modification on cavitating inducerperformance[J].Journal of turbomachinery,1992,114(2):360-365.
[32]FUJII A,AZUMA S,YOSHIDA Y,et al.Unsteady stress of 4-bladed inducer blades and the effect of inlet flow distortion[J].Bulletin of the JSME,2002,45(1):47-54.
[33]VAN ESCH B P M,BULTEN N W H.Numerical and experimental investigation of hydrodynamic forces due to non-uniform suction flow to a mixed-flow pump[C]//ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting.American Society of Mechanical Engineers.Houston,Texas,USA:ASME,2005:1203-1209.
[34]VAN ESCH B P M.Performance and radial loading of a mixed-flow pump under non-uniform suction flow[J].Journal of fluids engineering,2009,131(5):51101.1-51101.7.
[35]DULAR M,BACHERT R,STOFFEL B,et al.Influence of the velocity distribution at the inlet boundary on the CFD prediction of local velocity and pressure fields around a hydrofoil[J].Experimental thermal&fluid science,2008,32(3):882-891.
[36]GUO Shuxiang,CHEN Yao.Non-uniform distribution of water-jet inlet flow field[C]//IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation.Haerbin:IEEE,2010:1452-1456.
[37]曹璞钰,印刚,王洋,等.离心泵内双龙卷风式分离涡的数值分析[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(4):22-28.
[38]曹璞钰.非均匀进流下喷水推进效率的研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2014:27-41.
[39]NORBERT B.Numerical analysis of a waterjet propulsion system[D].Eindhoven,Netherlands:Library Eindhoven University of Technology,2006:49-62.
[40]金实斌,曹璞钰,王洋.非均匀进流下喷水推进泵进流速度场的数值分析[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(2):115-121.
[2]钱方琦,张淑佳,毛鹏展.大比转速双吸泵吸水室CFD数值模拟[J].轻工机械,2010,28(6):32-35.
[3]汤方平,袁家博,周济人.进水流道对泵性能的影响[J].水泵技术,1994(4):21-22.
[4]陆林广,刘成云,陈玉明.进水流道对轴流泵装置水力性能的影响[J].水泵技术,1997(3):25-26.
[5]LIMBACH P,MULLER T,BLUME M,et al.Numerical and experimental investigation of the cavitating flow in a low specific speed centrifugal pump and assessment of the influence of surface roughness on head prediction[C]//International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery.Hawaii,Honolulu,USA:ISROMAC,2016:1-9.
[6]段小辉,孔繁余,李洋,等.高温高压泵的研究现状[J].水泵技术,2016(3):1-5.
[7]刘巧玲,吕振荣,池志勇,等.立式屏蔽泵水力性能的数值模以与分析[J].轻工机械,2011,29(5):14-18.
[8]MAHAFFEY R M,VUUREN S J V.Review of pump suctionreducer selection:eccentric or concentric reducers[J].Journal of the South African institution of civil engineers,2014,56(3):65-76.
[9]胡绚,张强.非均匀来流对涡轮流场的影响[J].现代机械,2014(3):34-37.
[10]HAMED A,NUMBERS K,HAMED A,et al.Inlet distortion considerations for high cycle fatigue in gas turbine engine[C]//AIAA 33rd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit.Seattle,WA,USA:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,1997:3364.1-3364.14.
[11]李亚林,袁寿其,汤跃,等.离心泵内部流动PIV测试研究进展[J].水泵技术,2010(5):1-5.
[12]刘玥,梁忠生,鲍锋.粒子成像测速:非介入式全场技术[J].中国科技信息,2010(13):37-40.
[13]王秀礼,朱荣生,俞志君,等.基于CFD技术的旋流泵优化设计与试验研究[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(6):445-448.
[14]黄伟,张文其,陶文铨,等.蒸气发生器下封头/主泵连接处流动特性试验研究[J].核动力工程,2004,23(2):38-42.
[15]DRAGHICI I,MUNTEAN S,BOSIOC A I,et al.LDV measurements of the velocity field on the inlet section of a pumped storage equipped with a symmetrical suction elbow for variable discharge values[J].IOP conference series earth and environmental science,2014,22(3):032017.1-032017.9.
[16]XU Zhaofeng,YI Fan,LIU Shuhong,et al.2D PIV experiments on non-uniform flow in a rectangular open model pump suction passage[C]//Fluids Engineering Division.ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition.Orlando,Florida,USA:ASME,2005:523-530.
[17]FERNANDEZ O J M,GONZALEZ P J.Numerical modelling of hydraulic turbomachines:a historical review[J].Ingeniería del agua,2014,18(1):15.
[18]JOHNSTON J P.Effects of system rotation on turbulence structure:a review relevant to turbomachinery flows[J].International journal of rotating machinery,1998,4(2):97-112.
[19]聂建虎.三维复杂区域内湍流流动的试验研究及数值研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2001:77-89.
[20]徐益荣.非均匀来流条件下离心泵内部流动数值模拟[D].西安:西安理工大学,2013:13-30.
[21]张丽萍.非均匀来流条件下轴流泵内部压力脉动数值模拟研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013:38-52.
[22]王凤华,杨爱玲,戴韧,等.前弯叶片对轴流泵噪声辐射性能的影响[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(6):440-444.
[23]杜媛英,高强,尚长春,等.基于大涡模拟的导叶式混流泵叶轮内压力脉动特性分析[J].西华大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(4):75-78.
[24]颜禹,陆晓峰,朱晓磊.进口弯管及前置扰流子对离心泵性能影响[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(20):74-81.
[25]张富源,张文其.AC600蒸气发生器水室挡板的设计与模拟试验研究[J].核动力工程,1998,19(1):26-32.
[26]仇宝云,林海江,黄季艳,等.大型立式轴流泵叶片进口流场及其对水泵影响研究[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(4):28-34.
[27]XIA Shuan,WENG Minghui,QIU Jian,et al.Steam generator and reactor coolant pump coupled flow field analysis[C]//18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering.Xi'an:ASME,2010:205-214.
[28]侯向陶,王鹏飞,许忠斌,等.蒸气发生器下封头对核主泵入口流场影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(4):277-282.
[29]CHENG Hui,LI Hua,YIN Junlian,et al.Investigation of the distortion suction flow on the performance of the canned nuclear coolant pump[C]//ISFMFE-6th International Symposium on Fluid Machinery and Fluid Engineering.Wuhan:IET,2014:166-171.
[30]施卫东,张光建,张德胜,等.入口非均匀流对轴流泵性能和压力脉动的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,34(4):277-282.
[31]VALLE J D,BRAISTED D M,BRENNEN C E.The effects of inlet flow modification on cavitating inducerperformance[J].Journal of turbomachinery,1992,114(2):360-365.
[32]FUJII A,AZUMA S,YOSHIDA Y,et al.Unsteady stress of 4-bladed inducer blades and the effect of inlet flow distortion[J].Bulletin of the JSME,2002,45(1):47-54.
[33]VAN ESCH B P M,BULTEN N W H.Numerical and experimental investigation of hydrodynamic forces due to non-uniform suction flow to a mixed-flow pump[C]//ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting.American Society of Mechanical Engineers.Houston,Texas,USA:ASME,2005:1203-1209.
[34]VAN ESCH B P M.Performance and radial loading of a mixed-flow pump under non-uniform suction flow[J].Journal of fluids engineering,2009,131(5):51101.1-51101.7.
[35]DULAR M,BACHERT R,STOFFEL B,et al.Influence of the velocity distribution at the inlet boundary on the CFD prediction of local velocity and pressure fields around a hydrofoil[J].Experimental thermal&fluid science,2008,32(3):882-891.
[36]GUO Shuxiang,CHEN Yao.Non-uniform distribution of water-jet inlet flow field[C]//IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation.Haerbin:IEEE,2010:1452-1456.
[37]曹璞钰,印刚,王洋,等.离心泵内双龙卷风式分离涡的数值分析[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(4):22-28.
[38]曹璞钰.非均匀进流下喷水推进效率的研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2014:27-41.
[39]NORBERT B.Numerical analysis of a waterjet propulsion system[D].Eindhoven,Netherlands:Library Eindhoven University of Technology,2006:49-62.
[40]金实斌,曹璞钰,王洋.非均匀进流下喷水推进泵进流速度场的数值分析[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(2):115-121.