基于CFP的岩溶管道流数值模拟研究——以桂林寨底地下河子系统为例
|
摘要
为了描述岩溶多重含水介质存在非达西流问题,研究管道流CFP模型在岩溶区数值模拟中的应用。在分析管道流CFP基本原理的基础上,通过建立概念模型算例(5个管道,上下临界雷诺数分别为2 000和4 000),探讨不同管道水文地质参数对出口流量及水流状态的影响,并对参数敏感性进行分析,最后将CFPM1模型应用于广西寨底岩溶地下河系统,探讨在实际应用中的管道流模型适用性。概念模型结果表明,参数敏感度从大到小依次为:管道直径、水力梯度、管道渗透系数、弯曲度及粗糙度,流量与雷诺数随管道参数增大而增大,水流状态从层流变为紊流。寨底岩溶管道流模型中3个观测井及地下河出口实测流量表明CFPM1能较好地模拟出岩溶地下水水位变化趋势。得出结论:CFPM1管道流模型允许岩溶管道与基岩含水层进行水流交换,能够较好地刻画岩溶区管道介质非达西流特征,但管道参数获取较为困难,且不能刻画岩溶管道形态变化。该方法具有一定通用性,可为实际应用提供指导。
To depict the non-Darcian and multiporosity components of flow characteristics in karst aquifers, the authors used the Conduit Flow Process(CFP) model to study the numerical simulation of karst area. For the purpose of probing into the impacts of hydrogeological parameter on discharge and water flow state and on the basis of analyzing the fundamentals of CFP, the authors established the concept model with five conduits and upper and lower critical Reynolds number being 2 000 and 4 000 respectively. Then the authors investigated a karst aquifer by applying the CFP model to discussing the applicability of the model at Zhaidi karst aquifer, a highly karstified water system located in Guilin, Guangxi. The result of applying concept model showed that discharge and Reynolds number became larger and flow state changed gradually from laminar to turbulent flow with the decreasing effect from pipe diameter, pipe conductance, hydraulic gradient, roughness to tortuosity. Zhaidi numerical model with three observation wells showed that the CFPM1 model could simulate and forecast the trend of groundwater level. It is thus concluded that CFPM1 model permits the exchange of ground water between matrix and pipe, and the non-Darcian feature of karst media could be well depicted. This method is universally applicable and practical, and can be used as the practical technology in karst numerical simulation.
To depict the non-Darcian and multiporosity components of flow characteristics in karst aquifers, the authors used the Conduit Flow Process(CFP) model to study the numerical simulation of karst area. For the purpose of probing into the impacts of hydrogeological parameter on discharge and water flow state and on the basis of analyzing the fundamentals of CFP, the authors established the concept model with five conduits and upper and lower critical Reynolds number being 2 000 and 4 000 respectively. Then the authors investigated a karst aquifer by applying the CFP model to discussing the applicability of the model at Zhaidi karst aquifer, a highly karstified water system located in Guilin, Guangxi. The result of applying concept model showed that discharge and Reynolds number became larger and flow state changed gradually from laminar to turbulent flow with the decreasing effect from pipe diameter, pipe conductance, hydraulic gradient, roughness to tortuosity. Zhaidi numerical model with three observation wells showed that the CFPM1 model could simulate and forecast the trend of groundwater level. It is thus concluded that CFPM1 model permits the exchange of ground water between matrix and pipe, and the non-Darcian feature of karst media could be well depicted. This method is universally applicable and practical, and can be used as the practical technology in karst numerical simulation.
引文
陈崇希,胡立堂.2008.渗流一管流耦合模型及其应用综述[J].水文地质工程地质,35(3):70-75.
姜光辉.2016.融合生态学和提升岩溶水数值模拟技术的国际前沿研究[J].中国岩溶,35(1):1-4.
蒋忠诚,袁道先.1999.表层岩溶带的岩溶动力学特征及其环境和资源意义[J].地球学报,20(3):302-308.
刘丽红,吴潇潇,颜冰.2017.岩块尺度达西流非达西流流态转化研究[J].科技通报,33(01):32-38.
秦就国,蒋亚萍.2014.CFP管道流数值模拟方法综述[J].地下水,36(3):98-100.
杨杨,唐建生,苏春田,潘晓东,赵良杰.2014.岩溶区多重介质水流模型研究进展[J].中国岩溶,33(04):419-424.
赵良杰,夏日元,杨杨,邵景力,易连兴,王喆.2017.基于MODFLOW的岩溶管道水流模拟方法探讨与应用[J].中国岩溶,36(3):346-351.
赵良杰,夏日元,易连兴,杨杨,王喆,卢海平.2016.岩溶地下河浊度来源及对示踪试验影响的定量分析[J].地球学报,37(2):241-246.
CHEN Chong-xi,HU Li-tang.2008.A review of the seepape-pipe coupling model and its application[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,35(3):70-75(in Chinese with English abstract).
DIFRENNA V J,PRICE R M,SAVABI M R.2007.Identification of a hydrodynamic threshold in karst rocks from the Biscayne Aquifer,south Florida,USA[J].Hydrogeology Journal,16(1):31.
GALLEGOS J J,HU B X,DAVIS H.2013.Simulating flow in karst aquifers at laboratory and sub-regional scales using MODFLOW-CFP[J].Hydrogeology Journal,21(8):1749-1760.
GHASEMIZADEH R,HELLWEGER F,BUTSCHER C,PADILLAI,VESPER D,FIELD M,ALSHAWABKEH A.2012.Review:Groundwater flow and transport modeling of karst aquifers,with particular reference to the North Coast Limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico[J].Hydrogeology Journal,20:1441-1461.
HILL M E,STEWART M T,MARTIN A.2010.Evaluation of the MODFLOW‐2005 Conduit Flow Process[J].Ground Water,48(4):549-559.
HUBINGER B,BIRK S,HERGARTEN S.2016.A New Equation Solver for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Coupled Matrix─Conduit Flow Models[J].Groundwater,54(4):596-602.
JIANG Guang-hui.2016.The research progress and developing tendency of karst water[J].Carsologica Sinica,35(1):1-4(in Chinese with English abstract).
JIANG Zhong-cheng,YUAN Dao-xian.1999.Dynamics features of the epikarst zone and their significance in environments and resources[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,20(3):302-308(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIU Li-hong,WU Xiao-xiao,YAN Bing.2017.Research of transition between the Darcian and non-Darcian flow of rock block scale[J].Bulletin of Science and Technology,33(01):32-38(in Chinese with English abstract).
QIN Jiu-guo,JIANG Ya-ping.2014.Review for numerical simulation of conduit flow process(CFP)[J].Gound Water,36(3):98-100(in Chinese with English abstract).
REIMANN T,HILL M E.2009.MODFLOW‐CFP:A New Conduit Flow Process for MODFLOW-2005[J].Ground Water,47(3):321-325.
SHOEMAKER W B,KUNIANSKY E L,BIRK S,BAUER S,SWAIN E D.2008.Documentation of a conduit flow process(CFP)for MODFLOW-2005[M].USGS:Techniques&Methods:1-48.
WORTHINGTON S R H,SOLEY R W N.2017.Identifying turbulent flow in carbonate aquifers[J].Journal of Hydrology,522:70-80.
YANG Yang,TANG Jian-sheng,SU Chun-tian,PAN Xiao-dong,ZHAO Liang-jie.2014.Research advances on multi-medium flow model for karst aquifers[J].Carsologica Sinica,33(04):419-424(in Chinese with English abstract).
YI L,XIA R,TANG J,LU D,WANG Z,LU H,ZHAO L.2015.Karst conduit hydro-gradient nonlinear variation feature study:case study of Zhaidi karst underground river[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,74(2):1071-1078.
ZHAO Liang-Jie,XIA Ri-yuan,YANG Yang,SHAO Jing-li,YILiang-xing,WANG Zhe.2017.Discussion and application of simulation methods for karst conduit flow based on MODFLOW[J].Carsologica Sinica,36(3):346-351(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHAO Liang-Jie,XIA Ri-yuan,YI Lian-xing,YANG Yang,WANG Zhe,LU Hai-ping.2016.Quantitative Analysis of the source and the effect of turbidity in karst river on tracer test[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,37(2):241-246(in Chinese with English abstract).
姜光辉.2016.融合生态学和提升岩溶水数值模拟技术的国际前沿研究[J].中国岩溶,35(1):1-4.
蒋忠诚,袁道先.1999.表层岩溶带的岩溶动力学特征及其环境和资源意义[J].地球学报,20(3):302-308.
刘丽红,吴潇潇,颜冰.2017.岩块尺度达西流非达西流流态转化研究[J].科技通报,33(01):32-38.
秦就国,蒋亚萍.2014.CFP管道流数值模拟方法综述[J].地下水,36(3):98-100.
杨杨,唐建生,苏春田,潘晓东,赵良杰.2014.岩溶区多重介质水流模型研究进展[J].中国岩溶,33(04):419-424.
赵良杰,夏日元,杨杨,邵景力,易连兴,王喆.2017.基于MODFLOW的岩溶管道水流模拟方法探讨与应用[J].中国岩溶,36(3):346-351.
赵良杰,夏日元,易连兴,杨杨,王喆,卢海平.2016.岩溶地下河浊度来源及对示踪试验影响的定量分析[J].地球学报,37(2):241-246.
CHEN Chong-xi,HU Li-tang.2008.A review of the seepape-pipe coupling model and its application[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,35(3):70-75(in Chinese with English abstract).
DIFRENNA V J,PRICE R M,SAVABI M R.2007.Identification of a hydrodynamic threshold in karst rocks from the Biscayne Aquifer,south Florida,USA[J].Hydrogeology Journal,16(1):31.
GALLEGOS J J,HU B X,DAVIS H.2013.Simulating flow in karst aquifers at laboratory and sub-regional scales using MODFLOW-CFP[J].Hydrogeology Journal,21(8):1749-1760.
GHASEMIZADEH R,HELLWEGER F,BUTSCHER C,PADILLAI,VESPER D,FIELD M,ALSHAWABKEH A.2012.Review:Groundwater flow and transport modeling of karst aquifers,with particular reference to the North Coast Limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico[J].Hydrogeology Journal,20:1441-1461.
HILL M E,STEWART M T,MARTIN A.2010.Evaluation of the MODFLOW‐2005 Conduit Flow Process[J].Ground Water,48(4):549-559.
HUBINGER B,BIRK S,HERGARTEN S.2016.A New Equation Solver for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Coupled Matrix─Conduit Flow Models[J].Groundwater,54(4):596-602.
JIANG Guang-hui.2016.The research progress and developing tendency of karst water[J].Carsologica Sinica,35(1):1-4(in Chinese with English abstract).
JIANG Zhong-cheng,YUAN Dao-xian.1999.Dynamics features of the epikarst zone and their significance in environments and resources[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,20(3):302-308(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIU Li-hong,WU Xiao-xiao,YAN Bing.2017.Research of transition between the Darcian and non-Darcian flow of rock block scale[J].Bulletin of Science and Technology,33(01):32-38(in Chinese with English abstract).
QIN Jiu-guo,JIANG Ya-ping.2014.Review for numerical simulation of conduit flow process(CFP)[J].Gound Water,36(3):98-100(in Chinese with English abstract).
REIMANN T,HILL M E.2009.MODFLOW‐CFP:A New Conduit Flow Process for MODFLOW-2005[J].Ground Water,47(3):321-325.
SHOEMAKER W B,KUNIANSKY E L,BIRK S,BAUER S,SWAIN E D.2008.Documentation of a conduit flow process(CFP)for MODFLOW-2005[M].USGS:Techniques&Methods:1-48.
WORTHINGTON S R H,SOLEY R W N.2017.Identifying turbulent flow in carbonate aquifers[J].Journal of Hydrology,522:70-80.
YANG Yang,TANG Jian-sheng,SU Chun-tian,PAN Xiao-dong,ZHAO Liang-jie.2014.Research advances on multi-medium flow model for karst aquifers[J].Carsologica Sinica,33(04):419-424(in Chinese with English abstract).
YI L,XIA R,TANG J,LU D,WANG Z,LU H,ZHAO L.2015.Karst conduit hydro-gradient nonlinear variation feature study:case study of Zhaidi karst underground river[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,74(2):1071-1078.
ZHAO Liang-Jie,XIA Ri-yuan,YANG Yang,SHAO Jing-li,YILiang-xing,WANG Zhe.2017.Discussion and application of simulation methods for karst conduit flow based on MODFLOW[J].Carsologica Sinica,36(3):346-351(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHAO Liang-Jie,XIA Ri-yuan,YI Lian-xing,YANG Yang,WANG Zhe,LU Hai-ping.2016.Quantitative Analysis of the source and the effect of turbidity in karst river on tracer test[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,37(2):241-246(in Chinese with English abstract).