道德信息对面孔吸引力判断的无意识调节
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摘要
抽象语言信息是否能够影响知觉?本研究在审美领域对此进行考察,探索无意识获取的道德信息是否影响个体对相应面孔吸引力的知觉判断。结果发现个体对面孔吸引力的知觉判断受到内隐道德信息的调节,且调节效应与面孔本身吸引力水平无关;另外,面孔审美判断的反应时受到道德美丑和面孔吸引力的共同影响,尤其当两类信息相矛盾时被试需要更长的时间进行判断。研究结果表明抽象的社会道德信息可以对面孔吸引力的知觉判断产生自上而下的调节。
The present study aimed to explore whether subliminal moral information could influence judgment of facial beauty. The results showed thatthe attractiveness ratings for target faces were modulated by facial beauty. More importantly,these ratings were also influenced by the subliminal moral information. In addition,the response time for facial attractiveness judgment was modulated by both of the facial and moral aesthetic information,with longer time when a contradictionbetween these twokinds of information was encountered.These findings suggestedan implicit and automatical influence of moral information on the evaluation of facial beauty.
The present study aimed to explore whether subliminal moral information could influence judgment of facial beauty. The results showed thatthe attractiveness ratings for target faces were modulated by facial beauty. More importantly,these ratings were also influenced by the subliminal moral information. In addition,the response time for facial attractiveness judgment was modulated by both of the facial and moral aesthetic information,with longer time when a contradictionbetween these twokinds of information was encountered.These findings suggestedan implicit and automatical influence of moral information on the evaluation of facial beauty.
引文
梁静.(2010).博弈任务中面孔吸引力对个体决策及公平感的影响(博士学位论文).西南大学.
张丽.(2008).审美教育与美术鉴赏教学.当代教育科学,(10),52-53.
Brambilla,M.,&Leach,C.W.(2014).On the importance of being moral:The distinctive role of morality in social judgment.Social Cognition,32(4),397.
Brambilla,M.,Sacchi,S.,Pagliaro,S.,&Ellemers,N.(2013).Morality and intergroup relations:Threats to safety and group image predict the desire to interact with outgroup and ingroup members.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,49(5),811-821.
Cunningham,M.R.(1986).Measuring the physical in physical attractiveness:Quasi-experiments on the sociobiology of female facial beauty.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,50(5),925.
Diessner,R.,Iyer,R.,Smith,M.M.,&Haidt,J.(2013).Who engages with moral beauty?Journal of Moral Education,42(2),139-163.
Diessner,R.,Rust,T.,Solom,R.C.,Frost,N.,&Parsons,L.(2006).Beauty and hope:A moral beauty intervention.Journal of Moral Education,35(3),301-317.
Diessner,R.,Solom,R.D.,Frost,N.K.,Parsons,L.,&Davidson,J.(2008).Engagement with beauty:Appreciating natural,artistic,and moral beauty.The Journal of Psychology,142(3),303-332.
Dion,K.,Berscheid,E.,&Walster,E.(1972).What is beautiful is good.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,24(3),285.
Gross,A.E.,&Crofton,C.(1977).What is good is beautiful.Sociometry,85-90.
Haidt,J.(2003).Elevation and the positive psychology of morality.Flourishing:Positive Psychology and the Life Well-lived,275,289.
Haidt,J.(2007).The new synthesis in moral psychology.Science,316(5827),998-1002.
Keltner,D.,&Haidt,J.(2003).Approaching awe,a moral,spiritual,and aesthetic emotion.Cognition&Emotion,17(2),297-314.
Kniffin,K.M.,&Wilson,D.S.(2004).The effect of nonphysical traits on the perception of physical attractiveness:Three naturalistic studies.Evolution and Human Behavior,25(2),88-101.
Langlois,J.H.,Roggman,L.A.,&Rieser-Danner,L.A.(1990).Infants'differential social responses to attractive and unattractive faces.Developmental Psychology,26(1),153.
Luo,Q.L.,Wang,H.L.,Dzhelyova,M.,Huang,P.,&Mo,L.(2016).Effect of Affective Personality Information on Face Processing:Evidence from ERPs.Frontiers in Psychology,7(810).doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00810
Paunonen,S.V.(2006).You are honest,therefore I like you and find you attractive.Journal of Research in Personality,40(3),237-249.
Rhodes,G.(2006).The evolutionary psychology of facial beauty.Annu.Rev.Psychol.,57,199-226.
Rhodes,G.,Harwood,K.,Yoshikawa,S.,Nishitani,M.,&Mc Lean,I.(2002).The attractiveness of average faces:Cross-cultural evidence and possible biological basis facial attrativeness:Evolutionary,cognitive,and social perspectives(pp.35-58).Westport,CT,US:Ablex Publishing.
Wang,J.,Xia,T.,Xu,L.,Ru,T.,Mo,C.,Wang,T.T.,&Mo,L.(2017).What is beautiful brings out what is good in you:The effect of facial attractiveness on individuals'honesty.International Journal of Psychology,52(3),197-204.
Wang,T.,Mo,L.,Mo,C.,Tan,L.H.,Cant,J.S.,Zhong,L.,&Cupchik,G.(2015).Is moral beauty different from facial beauty?Evidence from an f MRI study.Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience,10(6),814-823.
张丽.(2008).审美教育与美术鉴赏教学.当代教育科学,(10),52-53.
Brambilla,M.,&Leach,C.W.(2014).On the importance of being moral:The distinctive role of morality in social judgment.Social Cognition,32(4),397.
Brambilla,M.,Sacchi,S.,Pagliaro,S.,&Ellemers,N.(2013).Morality and intergroup relations:Threats to safety and group image predict the desire to interact with outgroup and ingroup members.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,49(5),811-821.
Cunningham,M.R.(1986).Measuring the physical in physical attractiveness:Quasi-experiments on the sociobiology of female facial beauty.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,50(5),925.
Diessner,R.,Iyer,R.,Smith,M.M.,&Haidt,J.(2013).Who engages with moral beauty?Journal of Moral Education,42(2),139-163.
Diessner,R.,Rust,T.,Solom,R.C.,Frost,N.,&Parsons,L.(2006).Beauty and hope:A moral beauty intervention.Journal of Moral Education,35(3),301-317.
Diessner,R.,Solom,R.D.,Frost,N.K.,Parsons,L.,&Davidson,J.(2008).Engagement with beauty:Appreciating natural,artistic,and moral beauty.The Journal of Psychology,142(3),303-332.
Dion,K.,Berscheid,E.,&Walster,E.(1972).What is beautiful is good.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,24(3),285.
Gross,A.E.,&Crofton,C.(1977).What is good is beautiful.Sociometry,85-90.
Haidt,J.(2003).Elevation and the positive psychology of morality.Flourishing:Positive Psychology and the Life Well-lived,275,289.
Haidt,J.(2007).The new synthesis in moral psychology.Science,316(5827),998-1002.
Keltner,D.,&Haidt,J.(2003).Approaching awe,a moral,spiritual,and aesthetic emotion.Cognition&Emotion,17(2),297-314.
Kniffin,K.M.,&Wilson,D.S.(2004).The effect of nonphysical traits on the perception of physical attractiveness:Three naturalistic studies.Evolution and Human Behavior,25(2),88-101.
Langlois,J.H.,Roggman,L.A.,&Rieser-Danner,L.A.(1990).Infants'differential social responses to attractive and unattractive faces.Developmental Psychology,26(1),153.
Luo,Q.L.,Wang,H.L.,Dzhelyova,M.,Huang,P.,&Mo,L.(2016).Effect of Affective Personality Information on Face Processing:Evidence from ERPs.Frontiers in Psychology,7(810).doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00810
Paunonen,S.V.(2006).You are honest,therefore I like you and find you attractive.Journal of Research in Personality,40(3),237-249.
Rhodes,G.(2006).The evolutionary psychology of facial beauty.Annu.Rev.Psychol.,57,199-226.
Rhodes,G.,Harwood,K.,Yoshikawa,S.,Nishitani,M.,&Mc Lean,I.(2002).The attractiveness of average faces:Cross-cultural evidence and possible biological basis facial attrativeness:Evolutionary,cognitive,and social perspectives(pp.35-58).Westport,CT,US:Ablex Publishing.
Wang,J.,Xia,T.,Xu,L.,Ru,T.,Mo,C.,Wang,T.T.,&Mo,L.(2017).What is beautiful brings out what is good in you:The effect of facial attractiveness on individuals'honesty.International Journal of Psychology,52(3),197-204.
Wang,T.,Mo,L.,Mo,C.,Tan,L.H.,Cant,J.S.,Zhong,L.,&Cupchik,G.(2015).Is moral beauty different from facial beauty?Evidence from an f MRI study.Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience,10(6),814-823.