地铁调车室内噪声的同步测试与分析
|
摘要
地铁调车在量产前需要对样车室内噪声进行测试,然后根据测试结果对降噪工作进行定性研究。使用16通道传声器阵列同步测试地铁调车室内噪声,可准确获得车内声压分布情况。在6个工况下,发现其一位端司机室噪声值均在国标限制值78 d B(A)以下,而二位端司机室在1 500,1 800,2 100 r/min 3个工况下超标。在通过对各个工况下所有测点的1/3倍频程各频带绘制的等频带声压级云图发现63 Hz频带异常,并计算出柴油机测点与二位端司机室测点的传递率在59 Hz达到最大,证明该频率与柴油机噪声的联系,且是造成频带异常的原因。分析结果可以作为后期车辆降噪工作的理论参考。
Before the mass production of subway shunting car, the noise in model car should be tested and then qualitative study should be carried out for the noise reduction work according to the test results. Using 16-channel microphone array to synchronously test the indoor noise of subway shunting car can accurately obtain the sound pressure distribution condition in the car. Under 6 conditions, it is found the noise value at the "B"end of car driver's room is below the national standard limit value 78 d B(A), while the noise at the "A" end of car driver's room exceeds limit value at 1 500, 1 800 and 2 100 r/min. According to the equal band sound pressure level cloud map drawn based on all the 1/3 octave frequency bands of all measuring points under all working conditions, it is found that the 63 Hz frequency band is abnormal, and the transmission rate of the diesel engine and "A" end of car reaches the maximum at 59 Hz. The relationship between abnormal frequency and diesel engine noise is proved, and it is the cause of abnormal frequency band. The analysis results can be used as theoretical reference for the noise reduction work of vehicle in later stage.
Before the mass production of subway shunting car, the noise in model car should be tested and then qualitative study should be carried out for the noise reduction work according to the test results. Using 16-channel microphone array to synchronously test the indoor noise of subway shunting car can accurately obtain the sound pressure distribution condition in the car. Under 6 conditions, it is found the noise value at the "B"end of car driver's room is below the national standard limit value 78 d B(A), while the noise at the "A" end of car driver's room exceeds limit value at 1 500, 1 800 and 2 100 r/min. According to the equal band sound pressure level cloud map drawn based on all the 1/3 octave frequency bands of all measuring points under all working conditions, it is found that the 63 Hz frequency band is abnormal, and the transmission rate of the diesel engine and "A" end of car reaches the maximum at 59 Hz. The relationship between abnormal frequency and diesel engine noise is proved, and it is the cause of abnormal frequency band. The analysis results can be used as theoretical reference for the noise reduction work of vehicle in later stage.
引文
[1]宋斌.东风_(4B)型机车司机室隔音降噪控制整改[J].铁道机车与动车,1998(2):26–29.
[2]张秀华.动车组内噪声测试及结果分析[J].铁路节能环保与安全卫生,2015,5(6):270–272.
[3]AHMADIAN M,VENEZIA J J.An experimental evaluationof noise and vibrations in modern locomotive cabs[C]//Railroad Conference,2000.Proceedings of the 2000ASME/IEEE Joint.IEEE,2000:153–165.
[4]马驰,陈建峰,叶永.基于四元十字阵的分布式声源定位实验研究[J].传感器与微系统,2013,32(11):52–54.
[5]宋宫琨.基于麦克风阵列的室内语音定位算法研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2016.
[6]陆灏铭,陈玮,刘寿宝.基于麦克风阵列的声源定位系统设计[J].传感器与微系统,2012,31(4):79–81.
[7]徐东锋,基于振动传递率函数和统计假设检验的海洋平台结构损伤识别研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2015.
[8]张洁,林建辉,高品贤.高速铁路振动及噪声测试技术[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2010:27–29.
[9]张昱,朱彤,周晶.对功率谱密度传递率作用原理的探究[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(6):992–1002.
[10]陈家宝,刁延松,任红.基于传递率函数的结构损伤识别研究[J].结构工程师,2015,30(4):32–40.
[11]SHIBATA,NOBUYUKI.Effect of shelf aging on vibration transmissibility of anti–vibration gloves[J].Industrial health,2017,55(6):575–579.
[12]韩杰.基于传递率的工作模态参数识别方法的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2012.
[13]王彬星,郑四发,李传兵,等.车内噪声传递率建模及计算[J].振动、测试与诊断,2014,34(4):693–698.
[14]铁道机车和动车组司机室噪声限值及测量方法:GB/T3450–2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[15]铁道机车辐射噪声限值:GB/T13669–2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[2]张秀华.动车组内噪声测试及结果分析[J].铁路节能环保与安全卫生,2015,5(6):270–272.
[3]AHMADIAN M,VENEZIA J J.An experimental evaluationof noise and vibrations in modern locomotive cabs[C]//Railroad Conference,2000.Proceedings of the 2000ASME/IEEE Joint.IEEE,2000:153–165.
[4]马驰,陈建峰,叶永.基于四元十字阵的分布式声源定位实验研究[J].传感器与微系统,2013,32(11):52–54.
[5]宋宫琨.基于麦克风阵列的室内语音定位算法研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2016.
[6]陆灏铭,陈玮,刘寿宝.基于麦克风阵列的声源定位系统设计[J].传感器与微系统,2012,31(4):79–81.
[7]徐东锋,基于振动传递率函数和统计假设检验的海洋平台结构损伤识别研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2015.
[8]张洁,林建辉,高品贤.高速铁路振动及噪声测试技术[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2010:27–29.
[9]张昱,朱彤,周晶.对功率谱密度传递率作用原理的探究[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(6):992–1002.
[10]陈家宝,刁延松,任红.基于传递率函数的结构损伤识别研究[J].结构工程师,2015,30(4):32–40.
[11]SHIBATA,NOBUYUKI.Effect of shelf aging on vibration transmissibility of anti–vibration gloves[J].Industrial health,2017,55(6):575–579.
[12]韩杰.基于传递率的工作模态参数识别方法的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2012.
[13]王彬星,郑四发,李传兵,等.车内噪声传递率建模及计算[J].振动、测试与诊断,2014,34(4):693–698.
[14]铁道机车和动车组司机室噪声限值及测量方法:GB/T3450–2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[15]铁道机车辐射噪声限值:GB/T13669–2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.