F-90与植物鞣剂结合鞣制工艺技术研究
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摘要
为改善F-90鞣革性能,采用先以F-90进行预鞣,后以栗木栲胶KPS、荆树皮栲胶FS、坚木栲胶ATO等植物鞣剂进行主鞣的结合鞣制工艺。设计了四因素三水平正交试验(L9(34)),以植鞣革的收缩温度、增厚率、物理机械性能、感官性能及废液COD为评价指标。试验结果表明:采用9%F-90预鞣,采用8%KPS、4%FS和8%ATO在100%的液比条件下进行主鞣,所得植鞣革收缩温度为82.9℃,增厚率为50.12%,规定负荷伸长率为28. 68%,崩裂高度为9.4 mm,撕裂强度为100.49 N/mm,抗张强度为21.76 N/mm~2,感官性能良好,满足鞋面用皮革标准。由于鞣制废液不含铬,环境效益显著。
In order to improve the properties of F-90 tanned leather, KPS, FS, ATO were used for main tanning. With the shrinkage temperature, the thickening rate, the physical and mechanical properties, the sensory properties and the COD content in waste liquor were used as evaluation indicators, the orthogonal experiment(L9(34))was designed to optimize the dosage of KPS, FS,ATO and tanning liquor ratio. The research results showed that the following optimum conditions:9% F-90 was used for pre-tanning, 8% KPS, 4% FS and 8% ATO were used for main tanning at the condition of 100% liquor ratio. The shrinkage temperature of F-90 combined with vegetable tanning agents vegetable tanned leather was 82.9℃, the thickening rate was 50.12%, the specified load elongation was 28.68%, the crack height was 9.4 mm, the tearing load was 100.49 N/mm, the tensile strength was 21.76 N/mm~2, the physical-mechanical properties and the sensory properties could meet industry standards. Because no chromium in the tanning waste liquor, the environmental benefit is remarkable.
In order to improve the properties of F-90 tanned leather, KPS, FS, ATO were used for main tanning. With the shrinkage temperature, the thickening rate, the physical and mechanical properties, the sensory properties and the COD content in waste liquor were used as evaluation indicators, the orthogonal experiment(L9(34))was designed to optimize the dosage of KPS, FS,ATO and tanning liquor ratio. The research results showed that the following optimum conditions:9% F-90 was used for pre-tanning, 8% KPS, 4% FS and 8% ATO were used for main tanning at the condition of 100% liquor ratio. The shrinkage temperature of F-90 combined with vegetable tanning agents vegetable tanned leather was 82.9℃, the thickening rate was 50.12%, the specified load elongation was 28.68%, the crack height was 9.4 mm, the tearing load was 100.49 N/mm, the tensile strength was 21.76 N/mm~2, the physical-mechanical properties and the sensory properties could meet industry standards. Because no chromium in the tanning waste liquor, the environmental benefit is remarkable.
引文
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[25]黄文,石碧,姚开.植物单宁的生物降解[J].化学通报,2002,5:321-324.
[26]任方萍,宫云芝,王全杰.植物单宁的提取方法[J].西部皮革,2011,33(20):21-23.
[2]王晨,孙友昌,李书平,等.清洁化鞣制技术[J].中国皮革,2002,31(3):10-11.
[3]但卫华,曾睿,但年华,等.皮革清洁生产的现在与未来[J].皮革科学与工程,2006,16(1):47-49.
[4]石碧,狄莹,宋立江,等.栲胶的化学改性及其产物在无铬少铬鞣法中的应用[J].中国皮革,2001,30(9):3-8.
[5]卢斌. F-90鞣剂对猪皮服装革的鞣制性能研究[J].皮革与化工,2017,34(3):26-29.
[6]史永录,王文琪,赵慧.简易白鞣黄牛沙发革工艺[J].皮革与化工,2014,31(2):22-25.
[7]梁文华,王愚.新型无铬鞣剂的应用研究[J].皮革与化工,2013,30(4):11-15.
[8]孙静,王利根. Cranofin F-90简易白湿革鞣制标准工艺和常规铬鞣工艺的分析对比[J].西部皮革,2012,34(10):32-33.
[9]陈武勇,李国英.鞣制化学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2011.
[10]吕绪庸.植物鞣剂简史及其取代铬鞣的技术建议[J].西部皮革,2006,10:20-22.
[11]张国春,王书民,任有良,等.栲胶应用研究综述[J].商洛学院学报,2006,20(4):42-44.
[12]潘红英,王华,陈武勇.植物多酚与铬离子形成新型鞣剂的研究进展[J].西部皮革,2009,31(13):24-29.
[13]王鸿儒,陈代威.两性植物鞣剂的制备及其鞣制性能研究[J].中国皮革,1997,26(10):14-16.
[14]张诚,姚志鹏,马建中.坚木栲胶的化学改性及其鞣革性能研究[J].浙江化工,2009,28(2):16-20.
[15]刘亚会,汪建根.植物鞣剂的改性研究及其应用[J].西部皮革,2011,33(2):30-34.
[16]石碧.植物鞣剂-醛类化合物结合鞣法(1)[J].中国皮革,2006,35(17):1-3.
[17]何有节,唐安斌,石碧.荆树皮栲胶降解改性产物与铬结合鞣研究[J].皮革科学与工程,2001,11(4):9-11.
[18]温会涛,陈德金,贾喜庆,等.基于TRIZ理论的企业技术问题解决流程设计[J].海峡科学,2018,(4):110-114.
[19]姚开,吕远平,何强,等.黑荆树皮单宁不同级分的生物活性研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(2):19-21.
[20]王恒生.法国的栗木栲胶生产[J].林化科技通讯,1981,1:25-28.
[21]唐惠儒,HANCOCK R A,COVINGTON A D.层析色谱法对栗木栲胶组成的研究[J].中国皮革,1990,19(11):16-18.
[22]李凯,单志华.我国植物鞣剂应用及分析研究[J].中国皮革,2007,36(1):53-59.
[23]戴红.轻化工分析检测试验指导书[M].成都:轻纺与食品学院生物质与皮革工程系,2014.
[24]廖隆理.制革化学与工艺学(上册)[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[25]黄文,石碧,姚开.植物单宁的生物降解[J].化学通报,2002,5:321-324.
[26]任方萍,宫云芝,王全杰.植物单宁的提取方法[J].西部皮革,2011,33(20):21-23.