原始WC粉末粒度分布及球磨时间对超细硬质合金微观结构的影响
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摘要
分别采用两种Fsss粒度相近、粒度分布差别很大的超细WC粉末为原料,经10～50 h球磨,制备WC-12%Co-1.0%(Cr3C2+VC)混合料,并在1 350、1 410℃和1 450℃下烧结,采用SEM研究两种合金的微观组织结构变化。研究结果表明:采用粒度分布窄的WC粉末为原料,经10 h球磨后烧结,合金中WC晶粒分散均匀,几乎没有WC晶粒粗聚体;而采用粒度分布宽、包含大量团聚体的WC粉末为原料,经10 h球磨、烧结后,合金中含有大量的粗大WC晶粒团聚体,随球磨时间增加,WC团聚体数量、单个团聚体中包含的WC晶粒数量急剧减少,团聚体尺寸不断减小,经50 h球磨才能得到微观结构较为均匀的合金;相同球磨时间下,随烧结温度从1 350℃升高到1 450℃,团聚体尺寸不断增加,团聚体内的形貌也发生明显变化。
The ultra-fine WC-12% Co-1.0%(Cr3 C2+VC) mixture was prepared, using two kinds of raw WC powders with similar Fsss and different particle size distributions. Two kinds of alloys were sintered at 1 350 ℃, 1 410 ℃ and 1 450 ℃ after milling at different times, and the microstructure evolution of the alloys was investigated by SEM. The results show that the WC grains distributed uniformly and no coarse aggregates exist in the alloy using raw WC powder with narrow size distribution after 10 h milling and sintering. The WC-12%Co-1.0%(Cr3 C2+VC) alloy contains a large number of aggregates after 10 h ball milling and sintering, using WC powder with wide size distribution and a large number of aggregates as raw materials. With the increase of milling time, the number of aggregates and WC grains contained in a single aggregate decrease sharply, while the aggregate size decreases continuously. The microstructure of the alloy with uniform microstructure can be obtained by 50 h ball milling. At the same milling time, the agglomerate size increases with the increase of sintering temperature from 1 350 ℃ to 1 450 ℃, and the morphology of aggregates also change significantly.
The ultra-fine WC-12% Co-1.0%(Cr3 C2+VC) mixture was prepared, using two kinds of raw WC powders with similar Fsss and different particle size distributions. Two kinds of alloys were sintered at 1 350 ℃, 1 410 ℃ and 1 450 ℃ after milling at different times, and the microstructure evolution of the alloys was investigated by SEM. The results show that the WC grains distributed uniformly and no coarse aggregates exist in the alloy using raw WC powder with narrow size distribution after 10 h milling and sintering. The WC-12%Co-1.0%(Cr3 C2+VC) alloy contains a large number of aggregates after 10 h ball milling and sintering, using WC powder with wide size distribution and a large number of aggregates as raw materials. With the increase of milling time, the number of aggregates and WC grains contained in a single aggregate decrease sharply, while the aggregate size decreases continuously. The microstructure of the alloy with uniform microstructure can be obtained by 50 h ball milling. At the same milling time, the agglomerate size increases with the increase of sintering temperature from 1 350 ℃ to 1 450 ℃, and the morphology of aggregates also change significantly.
引文
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[12]罗海辉,谢晨辉,彭宇. WC粉粒度特征与硬质合金WC晶粒粒度关系的定量研究[J].硬质合金,2016,33(5):311-321.Luo Haihui, Xie Chenhui, PengYu. Quantitative research on relationship between particle size characteristics of WC powder and WC grain size of cemented carbide[J]. Cemented Carbide. 2016,33(5):311-321.
[2]孙剑飞,张法明,沈军.纳米WC-Co复合粉末的制备工艺及其烧结特性[J].稀有金属与硬质合金,2002,30(1):33-37.Sun Jianfei, Zhang Faming, Shen Jun. The prepration and sintering characteristics of nanocrystalline WC-Co composites[J]. Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides, 2002, 30(1):33-37.
[3]王振廷,陈华辉.纳米WC-Co硬质合金的研制及发展[J].云南冶金,2005,34(1):37-40.Wang Zhenting, Chen Huahui. Manufacturing and development of nanometer WC-Co hard alloy[J]. Yunnan Metallurgy, 2005, 34(1):37-40.
[4]邬荫芳.“双高”超细合金的研制[J].硬质合金,2000,17(4):214-220.Wu Yinfang. Manufacture of"both high"ultrafine cemented carbide[J].Cemented Carbide, 2000, 17(4):214-220.
[5]Jo W, Kim D Y, Hwang N M. Effect of interface structure on the microstructural evolution of ceramics[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2006, 89(8):2369-2380.
[6]Heintz J M, Weill F, Bernier J C. Characterization of agglomerates by ceramic powder compaction[J]. Materials Science and Engineering.1989, 109:271-277.
[7]曹瑞军,林晨光,孙兰,等.超细粉末的团聚及其消除方法[J].粉末冶金技术,2006,24(6):460-466.Cao Ruijun, Lin Chenguang, Sun Lan, et al. Agglomeration of superfine powder and dispersion methods[J]. Powder Metallurgy Technology,2006, 24(6):460-466.
[8]张卫兵.超细WC粉末Fsss粒度与超细硬质合金中WC晶粒度无法对应的原因分析[J].稀有金属与硬质合金,2013,41(6):51-54.Zhang Weibing. Analysis of the causes for non-correspondence of fisher particle size of ultrafine WC powder to WC grain size of ultrafine cemented carbide[J]. Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides, 2013, 41(6):51-54.
[9]朱骥飞,张立,徐涛,等.基于体视学原理的硬质合金显微组织参数化定量分析[C].第十一次中国硬质合金学术会议论文集.株洲:中国钨业协会硬质合金分会,2014:185-190.Zhu Jifei, Zhang Li, Xu Tao, et al. Quantificational characterization of microstructural parameters of cemented carbides based on ImageJ software[C]. Proceedings of the 11th Chinese Cemented Carbide Academic Conference. Zhuzhou:Cemented Carbide Branch of China Tungsten Industry Association, 2014:185-190.
[10]黄志锋,周涛,陈亮. WC晶粒度定量测定的研究[J].理化检验(物理分册),2001,37(12):524-526.Huang Zhifeng, Zhou Tao, Chen Liang. Study on quantitative measurement of WC grain size[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part A:Physical Testing, 2001, 37(12):524-526.
[11]林晨光,袁冠森.纳米晶WC-Co硬质合金中WC晶粒度的定量测量[J].中国有色金属学报,2005,15(6):823-828.Lin Chenguang, Yuan Guansen. Quantitative measurement of WC grain size in nanocrystalline WC-Co hardmetal[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2005, 15(6):823-828.
[12]罗海辉,谢晨辉,彭宇. WC粉粒度特征与硬质合金WC晶粒粒度关系的定量研究[J].硬质合金,2016,33(5):311-321.Luo Haihui, Xie Chenhui, PengYu. Quantitative research on relationship between particle size characteristics of WC powder and WC grain size of cemented carbide[J]. Cemented Carbide. 2016,33(5):311-321.