医院食堂椭圆食粉螨孳生情况调查及其形态观察
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摘要
目的了解医院食堂椭圆食粉螨孳生情况并进行形态学观察。方法用直接镜检法分离某医院食堂采集的蔬菜、面粉、大米及地脚粉,光镜下观察对椭圆食粉螨螨的形态特征。结果共采集标本20份,19份检出椭圆食粉螨,检出率为95.0%。共检获粉螨2 047只,平均孳生密度为10.24只/g。光镜下见椭圆食粉螨雄性成螨前足体板呈长方形,两侧略凹,表面具刻点;基节上毛呈叶状,两侧缘具较多长而直的梳状突起;刚毛均呈且具小栉齿,短刚毛末端常有分叉且有时尖端扭曲;足短粗,尖端渐细,末端圆钝;生殖褶和生殖感觉器淡黄色,阳茎为直管状,阳茎的支架挺直,后端分叉。肛后毛3对。雌性成螨形态与雄螨相似,但肛毛为4对。结论该医院食堂椭圆食粉螨孳生严重,应采取有效防制措施防止或减少粉螨孳生,以减少粉螨污染带来的危害。
Objectives To investigate the breeding of Aleuroglyphus ovatus in hospital cafeterias and to study the morphology of A.ovatus. Methods Vegetables,flour,rice and flour contaminated with dust were collected from hospital cafeterias.The morphology of A.ovatus was observed and identified under a microscope. Results Twenty samples were collected from college cafeterias and A.ovatus was detected in 19 for a rate of detection of 95%.In total,2 047 mites were obtained from the samples;the average breeding density was 102.35mites/g.Under a light microscope,the propodosomal plate of male A.ovatus appeared to be rectangular plate with slight curving of both edges and indentions on the surface.Supracoxal setae were lobular with long,straight comb-like projections on both sides of the body.All of the setae were slightly pectinate,and the ends of short setae were bent or twisted.Legs were short and thick with a tapered tip and blunted end.Genital ridges and genital sense organs were yellow;the penis was a straight tube and its base was stiff and bifurcated at the end.Three pairs of postanal setae were located behind the anus in the ventral body.The morphology of female A.ovatus was similar to that of the male,though the female had four pairs of postanal setae. Conclusion The breeding of A.ovatus in hospital cafeterias is serious,so effective measures should be taken to prevent and control it in order to reduce the harm of contamination by mites.
Objectives To investigate the breeding of Aleuroglyphus ovatus in hospital cafeterias and to study the morphology of A.ovatus. Methods Vegetables,flour,rice and flour contaminated with dust were collected from hospital cafeterias.The morphology of A.ovatus was observed and identified under a microscope. Results Twenty samples were collected from college cafeterias and A.ovatus was detected in 19 for a rate of detection of 95%.In total,2 047 mites were obtained from the samples;the average breeding density was 102.35mites/g.Under a light microscope,the propodosomal plate of male A.ovatus appeared to be rectangular plate with slight curving of both edges and indentions on the surface.Supracoxal setae were lobular with long,straight comb-like projections on both sides of the body.All of the setae were slightly pectinate,and the ends of short setae were bent or twisted.Legs were short and thick with a tapered tip and blunted end.Genital ridges and genital sense organs were yellow;the penis was a straight tube and its base was stiff and bifurcated at the end.Three pairs of postanal setae were located behind the anus in the ventral body.The morphology of female A.ovatus was similar to that of the male,though the female had four pairs of postanal setae. Conclusion The breeding of A.ovatus in hospital cafeterias is serious,so effective measures should be taken to prevent and control it in order to reduce the harm of contamination by mites.
引文
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[12]宋红玉,孙恩涛,湛孝东,等.黄粉虫养殖盒中孳生酪阳厉螨的生物学特性研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(5):423-6.
[13]阎孝玉,杨年震,袁德柱,等.椭圆食粉螨生活史的研究[J].粮油仓储科技通讯,1992(6):53-5.
[14]李朝品,吕友梅.粉螨性腹泻5例报告[J].泰山医学院学报,1995(2):146-8.
[15]李朝品.医学蜱螨学[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2006:229-94.
[16]沈莲,孙劲旅,陈军.家庭致敏螨类概述[J].应用昆虫学报,2010(6):1264-9.
[17]姚爱霞,田晔,王子文.面部蠕形螨病治疗研究进展[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(1):78-82.
[18]郝瑞峰,张承伯,俞黎黎,等.椭圆食粉螨主要发育期的形态学观察[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(7):623-6.
[19]Danielsen C,Hansen LS,Nachman G,et al.The influence of temperature and relative humidity on the development of Lepidoglyphus destructor(Acari:Glycyphagidae)and its production of allergens:a laboratory experiment[J].Exp Appl Acarol,2004,32(3):151-70.
[20]Hubert J,Pekar S,Aulicky R,et al.The effect of stored barley cultivars,temperature and humidity on population increase of Acarus siro,Lepidoglyphus destructor and Tyrophagus putrescentiae[J].Exp Appl Acarol,2013,60(2):241-52.
[2]张荣波,李朝品.粉螨危害储藏物的初步调查[J].医学动物防制,2002,18(3):128-31.
[3]Hughes AM.The mites of stored food and houses[M].London:Her Majesty's Stationery Office,1976:1-400.
[4]熊翠欢,韦兴强,兰东.桂西北高校食堂调味品粉螨检测结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2008,29(10):929-30.
[5]李朝品,陶莉,王慧勇,等.淮南地区粉螨群落与生境关系研究初报[J].南京医科大学学报,2005,25(12):955-8.
[6]吴太葆,夏斌,邹志文,等.椭圆食粉螨线粒体DNA COⅠ基因片段序列分析[J].蛛形学报,2007,2:79-82.
[7]忻介六,沈兆鹏.椭圆食粉螨(Aleuroglyphus ovatus Troupeau)生活史的研究(蜱螨目,粉螨科)[J].昆虫学报,1964,12(3):428-35.
[8]罗冬梅.椭圆食粉螨种群生态学研究[D].南昌:南昌大学,2007.
[9]沈兆鹏.三种粉螨生活史的研究及对储藏粮食和食品的为害[J].粮食储藏,1989,18(1):3-7.
[10]朱玉霞,杨庆贵.储藏食物粉嶙污染情况初步调查[J].热带病与寄生虫学,2003,1(2):96-7.
[11]王克霞,郭伟,湛孝东,等.空调隔尘网尘螨变应原基因检测[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2013,8(5):429-31,435.
[12]宋红玉,孙恩涛,湛孝东,等.黄粉虫养殖盒中孳生酪阳厉螨的生物学特性研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(5):423-6.
[13]阎孝玉,杨年震,袁德柱,等.椭圆食粉螨生活史的研究[J].粮油仓储科技通讯,1992(6):53-5.
[14]李朝品,吕友梅.粉螨性腹泻5例报告[J].泰山医学院学报,1995(2):146-8.
[15]李朝品.医学蜱螨学[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2006:229-94.
[16]沈莲,孙劲旅,陈军.家庭致敏螨类概述[J].应用昆虫学报,2010(6):1264-9.
[17]姚爱霞,田晔,王子文.面部蠕形螨病治疗研究进展[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(1):78-82.
[18]郝瑞峰,张承伯,俞黎黎,等.椭圆食粉螨主要发育期的形态学观察[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(7):623-6.
[19]Danielsen C,Hansen LS,Nachman G,et al.The influence of temperature and relative humidity on the development of Lepidoglyphus destructor(Acari:Glycyphagidae)and its production of allergens:a laboratory experiment[J].Exp Appl Acarol,2004,32(3):151-70.
[20]Hubert J,Pekar S,Aulicky R,et al.The effect of stored barley cultivars,temperature and humidity on population increase of Acarus siro,Lepidoglyphus destructor and Tyrophagus putrescentiae[J].Exp Appl Acarol,2013,60(2):241-52.