一些常用个人防护用品的弱贯穿辐射防护性能评价
|
摘要
为了掌握常用个人防护用品对不同能量β射线的防护效果,在85Kr和90Sr-90Y标准β辐射场中,测量给出了各种组合情况下常用个人防护用品对定向剂量当量率?'(0. 07)和?'(3)的防护效果。在核电站大修期间,测量了常用个人防护用品对现场部分设备的弱贯穿辐射防护效果,结果表明因被测量设备表面的β/γ值不同,个人防护用品对现场辐射的防护效果存在差异,特别是γ射线较强的场所,个人防护用品对?'(0. 07)和?'(3)的防护效果较差。实验测得防护眼镜对弱贯穿辐射防护效果较好,建议工作人员在高能β辐射场中佩戴防护眼镜作业,降低眼晶体剂量。根据所测常用个人防护用品对高能β射线防护效果较差,对于高能β辐射场所作业人员,给出了开展弱贯穿辐射监测的方法和防护的措施。
In order to identify the protection effect of personal protective equipment on different energy β rays,the protection effects of personal protective equipment on ?'( 0. 07) and ?'( 3) under various combinations of different energy β radiation fields were measured in85 Kr and90 Sr-90 Y standard β radiation fields. During the outage of the nuclear power plant,the weak penetrating radiation protection effect of personal protective equipment on some positions was measured. The results show that the protective effect of personal protective equipment on field radiation is different because of the different β/γ value of the surface of the equipment being measured. Especially in the places with strong γ rays,the protective effect of personal protective equipment on ?'( 0. 07) and ?'( 3) is generally poor,while the protective effect of protective glasses against weak penetration radiation is rather significant. It is suggested that workers should wear protective glasses in high energy β radiation field to reduce the dose of lens. Due to the poor protective effect of personal protective equipment on high-energy β radiation,the monitoring methods and protective measures for workers working in high-energy β radiation sites are given.
In order to identify the protection effect of personal protective equipment on different energy β rays,the protection effects of personal protective equipment on ?'( 0. 07) and ?'( 3) under various combinations of different energy β radiation fields were measured in85 Kr and90 Sr-90 Y standard β radiation fields. During the outage of the nuclear power plant,the weak penetrating radiation protection effect of personal protective equipment on some positions was measured. The results show that the protective effect of personal protective equipment on field radiation is different because of the different β/γ value of the surface of the equipment being measured. Especially in the places with strong γ rays,the protective effect of personal protective equipment on ?'( 0. 07) and ?'( 3) is generally poor,while the protective effect of protective glasses against weak penetration radiation is rather significant. It is suggested that workers should wear protective glasses in high energy β radiation field to reduce the dose of lens. Due to the poor protective effect of personal protective equipment on high-energy β radiation,the monitoring methods and protective measures for workers working in high-energy β radiation sites are given.
引文
[1] 夏益华,主编.高等电离辐射防护教程[M]//第一版.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2010:99-106.
[2] 中华人民共和国卫生部,国家环境保护总局,中国核工业总公司.电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准:GB 18871—2002 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2002-10-8.
[3] Stewart F A, Akeleyev A V, Hauer-Jensen M, et al. ICRP statement on tissue reactions/early a late effects of radiation in normal tissues an organs-threshold doses for tissue in a radiation protection context[R]. ICRP Publication 118 41(1/2),2012.
[4] 中华人民共和国卫生部. X射线防护材料衰减性能的测定:GBZ/T 147—2002 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2002:4-8.
[5] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准管理委员. 辐射防护仪器β、X和γ辐射和/ 或定向剂量当量(率)仪和/或监测仪第1部分:便携式工作场所和环境测量仪与监测仪:GB/T 4835.1—2012 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2012-12-31.
[6] 中国辐射防护研究院,中核核电运行管理有限公司.秦二厂112大修期间弱贯穿辐射调查结果报告[R].
[7] 环境保护部辐射环境监测技术中心编著.核技术应用辐射安全与防护[M].杭州:浙江大学出版,2012:25-26.
[2] 中华人民共和国卫生部,国家环境保护总局,中国核工业总公司.电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准:GB 18871—2002 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2002-10-8.
[3] Stewart F A, Akeleyev A V, Hauer-Jensen M, et al. ICRP statement on tissue reactions/early a late effects of radiation in normal tissues an organs-threshold doses for tissue in a radiation protection context[R]. ICRP Publication 118 41(1/2),2012.
[4] 中华人民共和国卫生部. X射线防护材料衰减性能的测定:GBZ/T 147—2002 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2002:4-8.
[5] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准管理委员. 辐射防护仪器β、X和γ辐射和/ 或定向剂量当量(率)仪和/或监测仪第1部分:便携式工作场所和环境测量仪与监测仪:GB/T 4835.1—2012 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2012-12-31.
[6] 中国辐射防护研究院,中核核电运行管理有限公司.秦二厂112大修期间弱贯穿辐射调查结果报告[R].
[7] 环境保护部辐射环境监测技术中心编著.核技术应用辐射安全与防护[M].杭州:浙江大学出版,2012:25-26.