海南芒果可可球二孢的致病力及其对多菌灵抗性
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摘要
从海南5个芒果主产区采集分离芒果蒂腐病菌可可球二孢菌株,采用室内人工接种的方法对110个可可球二孢菌株进行致病力测定,采用区分剂量法和菌丝生长速率法测定其中106个菌株对多菌灵的抗性。结果表明:芒果蒂腐病自然发病率29.37%;人工接种的发病率100.00%,110株可可球二孢菌株中强致病力、中等致病力及弱致病力菌株分别占64.55%、25.45%和10.00%;在106株可可球二孢菌株中,抗性菌株发生频率为52.83%,其中高抗菌株可在含100 mg/L多菌灵培养基上生长,发生频率为45.28%,中抗菌株在含100 mg/L多菌灵培养基上不能正常生长,抗性频率为7.55%;没有发现低抗菌株。多菌灵对可可球二孢田间分离菌株EC_(50)的频率分布为不连续分布,研究结果表明海南地区危害芒果的可可球二孢对多菌灵抗性非常严重。
The strains of Botryodiplodia theobromae were collected and separated from mango infected by stem end rot in five main mango producing areas of Hainan. The virulence of 110 B. theobromae strains were determined by the artificial inoculation. The resistance of 106 strains to carbendazim were tested by distinguishing dosage method and mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that the incidence of mango stem end rot was 29.37% and 100% under natural and artificial inoculation conditions, respectively. In total of 110 strains, the high virulent strains, median virulent strains, and the low virulent strains accounted by 64.55%, 25.45% and 10.00%, respectively. The resistance frequency of 106 strains to carbendazim was 52.83%. Among them, high resistance strains could grow on media containing 100 mg/L carbendazim with the resistance frequency of 45.28%, the median resistance strains not grow normally on the media containing 100 mg/L carbendazim with the resistance frequency of 7.55%, and no low resistance strains were found. The carbendazim sensitivity frequency showed non-continuous distribution. All data showed that B. theobromae from mango had serious resistance to carbendazim in Hainan.
The strains of Botryodiplodia theobromae were collected and separated from mango infected by stem end rot in five main mango producing areas of Hainan. The virulence of 110 B. theobromae strains were determined by the artificial inoculation. The resistance of 106 strains to carbendazim were tested by distinguishing dosage method and mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that the incidence of mango stem end rot was 29.37% and 100% under natural and artificial inoculation conditions, respectively. In total of 110 strains, the high virulent strains, median virulent strains, and the low virulent strains accounted by 64.55%, 25.45% and 10.00%, respectively. The resistance frequency of 106 strains to carbendazim was 52.83%. Among them, high resistance strains could grow on media containing 100 mg/L carbendazim with the resistance frequency of 45.28%, the median resistance strains not grow normally on the media containing 100 mg/L carbendazim with the resistance frequency of 7.55%, and no low resistance strains were found. The carbendazim sensitivity frequency showed non-continuous distribution. All data showed that B. theobromae from mango had serious resistance to carbendazim in Hainan.
引文
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[15] 张蕊,张贺,刘晓妹,等.杀菌剂对芒果蒂腐病菌的抑菌活性及复配增效作用[J].农药,2016(6):463-465.
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[19] 刘德荣,谢丙炎,黄三文,等.应用特异等位PCR快速鉴定灰霉病菌抗苯莱特与乙霉威菌株[J].菌物学报,2001,20(2):238-243.
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[21] 黄大野,李宝聚,石延霞,等.三种多菌灵耐药性链格孢属真菌β-tubulin基因的序列特征[J].菌物学报,2012,31(5):710-716.
[22] 陈聃,时浩杰,吴慧明,等.浙江省葡萄炭疽菌对甲基硫菌灵和戊唑醇的抗药性研究[J].果树学报,2013,30(4):665-668.
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[24] 詹儒林,郑服丛.芒果炭疽病菌β-微管蛋白基因的克隆及其与多菌灵抗药性发生的关系[J].微生物学报,2004,44(6):827-829.
[25] 黄大野,李宝聚,石延霞,等.匍柄霉属真菌对多菌灵耐药性分子机制的初步研究[J].植物病理学报,2013,43(3):314-317.
[26] 杨敬辉,潘以楼,朱桂梅,等.油菜菌核病菌对多菌灵和乙霉威的抗药性机理[J].植物保护学报,2004,31(1):74-78.
[27] 潘洪玉,王少斌.黄瓜黑星病菌对多菌灵抗药性的测定[J].植物保护学报,1997,24(3):285-286.
[28] 师超,胡美姣,李敏,等.多种杀菌剂对抗多菌灵的芒果蒂腐病菌菌株的毒力测定[J].农药研究与应用,2010(3):30-34.
[29] 王萌,陈小莉,杨叶,等.海南芒果蒂腐病对8种杀菌剂的抗药性测定[J].农药,2015,54(5):384-386.
[2] 梁伟红,李玉萍,董定超,等.中国芒果产业发展现状及对策[J].中国热带农业,2008(3):18-21.
[3] 华敏.海南芒果产业发展现状与对策[J].中国热带农业,2008(5):12-13.
[4] 张贺,韦运谢,漆艳香,等.海南省芒果畸形病的发现与鉴定[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(7):1302-1306.
[5] 李日旺,黄国弟,苏美花,等.我国芒果产业现状与发展策略[J].南方农业学报,2013,44(5):875-878.
[6] SRIVASTAVA D N.Epidemiology and prevention of diplodia stem-end rot of ripe mango fruits[J].Acta Horticulturae,1972,24:235-236.
[7] SANGCHOTE S.Postharvest diseases of mango fruits and their losses [J].Kaselsart Journal Natural Sciences,1987,21:81-85.
[8] JOHNSON G,COOKE T,MEAD A.Infection and quiescence in mango stem-end rot pathogens [J].Acta Horticulturae,1993,341:329-336.
[9] HONG S K,LEE S Y,CHOI H W,et al.Occurrence of stem-end rot on mango fruits caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae in Korea[J].The Plant Pathology Journal,2012,28(4):455.
[10] 李敏,胡美姣,岳建军,等.芒果可可球二孢蒂腐病菌生物学培养特性[J].热带作物学报,2009,30(11):1660-1664.
[11] 毕朝位.禾谷镰孢菌Fusarium graminearum Schwabe两个β-微管蛋白基因功能及对多菌灵的抗药性分子机理[D].南京:南京农业大学,2009.
[12] 陈小莉,王萌,杨叶,等.杧果蒂腐可可球二孢菌致病力测定及杧果主要品种抗病性评价[J].果树学报,2015,32(3):481-486.
[13] 乔广行,严红,么奕清,等.北京地区番茄灰霉病菌的多重抗药性检测[J].植物保护,2011,37(5):176-180.
[14] 吴永官,陆少峰,黄思良,等.华南地区瓜类疫霉对甲霜灵的田间抗药性[J].微生物学报,2011,51(8):1078-1086.
[15] 张蕊,张贺,刘晓妹,等.杀菌剂对芒果蒂腐病菌的抑菌活性及复配增效作用[J].农药,2016(6):463-465.
[16] 周明国,王建新.禾谷镰孢菌对多菌灵的敏感性基线及抗药性菌株生物学性质研究[J].植物病理学报,2001,31(4):365-370.
[17] BOLLEN G J,SCHOLTEN G.Acquired resistance to benomyl and some other systemic fungicides in a strain of Botrytis cinerea in cyclamen [J].Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology,1971,77(3):83-90.
[18] ZHANG C Q,LIU Y H,ZHU G N.Detection and characterization of benzimidazole resistance of Botrytis cinerea,in greenhouse vegetables [J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2010,126(4):509-515.
[19] 刘德荣,谢丙炎,黄三文,等.应用特异等位PCR快速鉴定灰霉病菌抗苯莱特与乙霉威菌株[J].菌物学报,2001,20(2):238-243.
[20] 刘慧平,韩巨才,阎秀琴,等.灰霉病原菌对多菌灵的抗性监测[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,23(2):93-97.
[21] 黄大野,李宝聚,石延霞,等.三种多菌灵耐药性链格孢属真菌β-tubulin基因的序列特征[J].菌物学报,2012,31(5):710-716.
[22] 陈聃,时浩杰,吴慧明,等.浙江省葡萄炭疽菌对甲基硫菌灵和戊唑醇的抗药性研究[J].果树学报,2013,30(4):665-668.
[23] 马志强,李红霞.苹果轮纹病菌对多菌灵抗药性监测初报[J].农药学学报,2000,2(3):94-96.
[24] 詹儒林,郑服丛.芒果炭疽病菌β-微管蛋白基因的克隆及其与多菌灵抗药性发生的关系[J].微生物学报,2004,44(6):827-829.
[25] 黄大野,李宝聚,石延霞,等.匍柄霉属真菌对多菌灵耐药性分子机制的初步研究[J].植物病理学报,2013,43(3):314-317.
[26] 杨敬辉,潘以楼,朱桂梅,等.油菜菌核病菌对多菌灵和乙霉威的抗药性机理[J].植物保护学报,2004,31(1):74-78.
[27] 潘洪玉,王少斌.黄瓜黑星病菌对多菌灵抗药性的测定[J].植物保护学报,1997,24(3):285-286.
[28] 师超,胡美姣,李敏,等.多种杀菌剂对抗多菌灵的芒果蒂腐病菌菌株的毒力测定[J].农药研究与应用,2010(3):30-34.
[29] 王萌,陈小莉,杨叶,等.海南芒果蒂腐病对8种杀菌剂的抗药性测定[J].农药,2015,54(5):384-386.