坡位梯级微变化对红椎林木生长的影响
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摘要
在广西凭祥中国林科院热带林业实验中心伏波实验场14a生红椎人工林中设置顺山行状样地,进行小尺度坡位梯级微变化对林木生长和土壤性质变化影响的研究,为珍贵树种大径材培育的造林立地选择提供精准技术。研究结果表明:1)林木平均树高和胸径随坡位梯级上升而降低,不同坡位梯级对林木树高和胸径的影响呈显著差异;2)土壤大量营养元素、pH、有机质等指标与坡位高度呈负相关关系,即坡位越高各指标数值越小,而pH、全P和全K含量的不同坡位梯级间差异达到显著水平;3)春季土壤旱情较为轻微情况下,不同坡位梯级间的含水率差异不大。建议根据不同树种对水肥立地条件要求的差异,当坡面长度在60m以上应分上下坡位安排不同树种,超过100m时应分3个坡位段安排不同树种。
Linear sampling plots were set up with a 14 years old plantation of Castanopsis hystrix in Fubo Experimental Station of Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry in Guangxi,China.The effects of small scale slope level and microchange on tree growth and soil properties were studied to provide precise techniques for the selection of afforestation site for the cultivation of large diameter timber of valuable tree species.The result showed that:(1)the tree height and DBH decreased with the increase of slope position,and the influence of different slope positions on tree height and DBH was significantly different;(2)Soil nutrient elements,pH and soil organic matter were negatively correlated with slope height.That is,the higher the slope position,the smaller the value of each index,and the difference of pH,total P and K content between different slope levels reached a significant level;(3)Under the mild soil drought in spring,the difference of water content among different slope levels was not significant.It is suggested that according to the difference of site conditions of water and fertilizer for different tree species,different tree species should be arranged in the upper and lower slope positions when the slope length is more than 60 m,and different tree species should be arranged in three slope positions when the slope length is more than 100 m.
Linear sampling plots were set up with a 14 years old plantation of Castanopsis hystrix in Fubo Experimental Station of Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry in Guangxi,China.The effects of small scale slope level and microchange on tree growth and soil properties were studied to provide precise techniques for the selection of afforestation site for the cultivation of large diameter timber of valuable tree species.The result showed that:(1)the tree height and DBH decreased with the increase of slope position,and the influence of different slope positions on tree height and DBH was significantly different;(2)Soil nutrient elements,pH and soil organic matter were negatively correlated with slope height.That is,the higher the slope position,the smaller the value of each index,and the difference of pH,total P and K content between different slope levels reached a significant level;(3)Under the mild soil drought in spring,the difference of water content among different slope levels was not significant.It is suggested that according to the difference of site conditions of water and fertilizer for different tree species,different tree species should be arranged in the upper and lower slope positions when the slope length is more than 60 m,and different tree species should be arranged in three slope positions when the slope length is more than 100 m.
引文
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[2] 朱积余.红锥速生丰产造林技术的研究[J].广西林业科学,1991,20(4):175 -180.
[3] 刘恩,王晖,刘世荣.南亚热带不同林龄红锥人工林碳贮量与碳固定特征[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(2):335-340.
[4] 丘小军,朱积余,蒋燚,等.红锥的天然分布与适生条件研究[J].广西农业生物科学,2006,25(2):175-179.
[5] 郭文福,蔡道雄.红椎大径材近自然培育适用性分析[J].湖南林业科技,2015,42(1):79-82.
[6] 黄承标,杨茂好,牙美华,等.桂西北红椎次生林生长及土壤的理化性质[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,28(2):54-56.
[7] 卢立华,汪炳根,何日明.立地与栽培模式对红椎生长的影响[J].林业科学研究,1999,12(5):519-523.
[8] 郑威,谭一波,唐洁,等.不同坡位下红锥人工林的土壤呼吸特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(6):11-14.
[9] 黄全能.红锥天然林生长规律与生物量的调查研究[J].福建林业科技,1998,25(2):20-23.
[ 10] 卢立华,冯益明,农友,等.基于林班尺度的森林立地类型划分与质量评价[J].林业资源管理,2018(2):48-57.
[11] 黄全能,陈东华,代全林,等.红锥天然林土壤理化性质及水源涵养功能的研究[J].福建林业科技,2001,28(2):17-19.
[12] 钱永平,李宝银,吴承祯,等.生态环境因子对阔叶林质量的影响——坡位与林分蓄积关系的研究[J].林业资源管理,2009(1):80-83.
[13] 王明怀,陈建新.红锥等8个阔叶树种抗旱生理指标比较及光合作用特征[J].广东林业科技,2005,21(2):1-5.
[14] 林俊平.红锥不同模式造林效果分析J].福建林业科技,2002,9(3):59-61.
[15] 唐启义.DPS数据处理系统:第一卷基础统计及实验设计[M].4版.北京:科学出版社,2017.