小浪底水库分期运用对库区及河道冲淤的影响
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摘要
黄河中下游洪水泥沙主要来源于汛期,受汛期不同时段降雨的影响,小浪底水库入库洪水泥沙具有明显的分期特性。通过优化小浪底水库汛限水位策略,研究水库汛期分期运用,有利于提高洪水资源化利用效率,对充分发挥水库综合效益具有重要意义。小浪底水库开发任务以防洪、减淤为主,优化水库汛期运用必须考虑其对库区及黄河下游河道的冲淤影响。拟定不同的分期运用方案,以水库进入正常运用期为背景,通过数学模型分别对库区及下游河道进行冲淤计算。从计算结果来看,进入正常运用期后,小浪底水库调节能力有限,每年9月10日后,入库含沙量较低,适当抬高运用水位对库区及黄河下游河道冲淤影响不大。
The flood and sediment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River mainly come from the rainfall during the flood season.The influence of rainfall in different periods of the flood season makes the water and sediment storage of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir has obvious stage characteristics. By optimizing the Xiaolangdi Reservoir flood control level of reservoir flood season staging using strategy,it is conducive to improve the flood resources utilization efficiency and give full play to the importance of comprehensive benefit of reservoir. The development task of Xiaolangdi Reservoir is mainly based on flood control and deposition reduction. It is necessary to consider the impact on the reservoir area and the lower reaches of the Yellow River during the flood season. This paper Drew up different plans for the used of stages,and used the mathematical model to calculate the scouring and silting of the reservoir area and the lower channel. From the calculated results,entering the normal operation period,the Xiaolangdi Reservoir regulation capacity is limited,after September 10 th,the inflow sediment is low,water level of the reservoir and the elevation of the Yellow River lower reaches of the river has little effect.
The flood and sediment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River mainly come from the rainfall during the flood season.The influence of rainfall in different periods of the flood season makes the water and sediment storage of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir has obvious stage characteristics. By optimizing the Xiaolangdi Reservoir flood control level of reservoir flood season staging using strategy,it is conducive to improve the flood resources utilization efficiency and give full play to the importance of comprehensive benefit of reservoir. The development task of Xiaolangdi Reservoir is mainly based on flood control and deposition reduction. It is necessary to consider the impact on the reservoir area and the lower reaches of the Yellow River during the flood season. This paper Drew up different plans for the used of stages,and used the mathematical model to calculate the scouring and silting of the reservoir area and the lower channel. From the calculated results,entering the normal operation period,the Xiaolangdi Reservoir regulation capacity is limited,after September 10 th,the inflow sediment is low,water level of the reservoir and the elevation of the Yellow River lower reaches of the river has little effect.
引文
[1]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司.小浪底水库汛限水位优化技术集成专题报告[R].郑州:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,2015:115-117.
[2]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司.小浪底水库拦沙期防洪减淤运用方式研究[R].郑州:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,2013:2.
[3]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司.小浪底水库拦沙期后期首次汛限水位调整研究[R].郑州:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,2013:42.
[2]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司.小浪底水库拦沙期防洪减淤运用方式研究[R].郑州:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,2013:2.
[3]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司.小浪底水库拦沙期后期首次汛限水位调整研究[R].郑州:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,2013:42.