褐藻糖胶对黄颡鱼幼鱼中脂肪酸的影响
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摘要
为研究褐藻糖胶作为饲料添加剂对黄颡鱼幼鱼脂肪酸的影响,选取大小、体重相近的黄颡鱼幼鱼,随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组饲喂不添加褐藻糖胶的基础饲料,试验组饲喂添加0. 1%褐藻糖胶的饲料,采用气相色谱质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析不同喂养时间(1、2、4、8周)下试验组和对照组黄颡鱼幼鱼脂肪酸含量的变化。结果表明,黄颡鱼幼鱼体内共检测出15个总脂肪酸(TFA)和17个游离脂肪酸(FFA)。方差分析结果表明,黄颡鱼幼鱼TFA中C18:1 (n-9)、C20:4(n-5)和C22:6 (n-3)具有交互作用,而大部分FFA间都存在交互作用。喂养时间对黄颡鱼幼鱼脂肪酸有显著影响(P<0. 05),随着喂养时间的延长,游离的单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量呈先减少后增加趋势,而总MUFA含量呈先增加后减少趋势;黄颡鱼幼鱼游离脂肪酸和总脂肪酸中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)均呈先增加后减少趋势,而多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)呈先下降后升高趋势。0. 1%褐藻糖胶对黄颡鱼幼鱼TFA中C18:1 (n-9)、C20:4(n-5)和C22:6 (n-3)含量影响显著(P<0. 05),对FFA组分含量的影响均显著(P<0. 05),试验组黄颡鱼幼鱼SFA含量高于对照组,MUFA含量低于对照组,PUFA在喂养第2周时高于对照组,喂养第8周时低于对照组。此外,黄颡鱼幼鱼C20:3(n-3)/C22:6(n-3)的比值小于0. 4,且喂养0. 1%褐藻糖胶第8周时,黄颡鱼幼鱼C22:6(n-3)和C20:4(n-5)含量明显高于对照组,说明褐藻糖胶有益于黄颡鱼产卵和孵化,有助于黄颡鱼幼鱼的发育生长。本研究结果为黄颡鱼的健康养殖提供了基础数据。
The juvenile yellow catfish( pelteobagrus fulvidraco) with similar size and body weight were randomly divided into 2 groups. The fish in control groups were fed with a basal diet without fucoidan,and those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0. 1% fucoidan,which was conducted to investigate the effects of fucoidan as supplemented on fatty acid of juvenile P. fulvidraco. The fatty acids profiles of 2 groups during different feeding time( week 1,2,4 and 8) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). As a result,15 total fatty acids( TFA) and 17 free fatty acids( FFA) were detected. The Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that C18: 1( n-9),C20:4( n-5) and C22: 6( n-3) had interactions among TFA,while most of FFAs had interactions in juvenile P. fulvidraco.And feeding time had significant effect on fatty acids( P < 0. 05) in juvenile P. fulvidraco. Along with the extension of feeding time,the content of free monounsaturated fatty acids( MUFA) were decreased first and then increased,while that of total monounsaturated fatty acids was increased first and then decreased. In both free fatty acids and total fatty acids in juvenile P. fulvidraco,the trend of saturated fatty acids( SFA) was all increased first and then decreased,while polyunsaturated fatty acids( PUFA) were decreased first and then increased. For TFA,There was significant effect of0. 1% fucoidanonly only on the contents of C18: 1( n-9),C20: 4( n-5) and C22: 6( n-3)( P > 0. 05) in TFA.However,there was significant effect of 0. 1% fucoidan only on the contents of all components in FFA( P < 0. 05).Compared with control group,SFA level was improved,MUFA level was reduced and the level of PUFA was increased at week 2 and decreased at week 8. In addition,the ratio of C20: 3( n-3)/C22: 6( n-3) was less than 0. 4,and the content of C22: 6( n-3) and C20: 4( n-5) fed with fucoidan was obviously higher than that of control group at week 8.The phenomena mentioned above indicated that fucoidan can improve the fecundity and hatching rate of P. fulvidraco,which was helpful to the growth and development of juvenile P. fulvidraco. The results would provided basic data for improving the healthy breeding of P. fulvidraco.
The juvenile yellow catfish( pelteobagrus fulvidraco) with similar size and body weight were randomly divided into 2 groups. The fish in control groups were fed with a basal diet without fucoidan,and those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0. 1% fucoidan,which was conducted to investigate the effects of fucoidan as supplemented on fatty acid of juvenile P. fulvidraco. The fatty acids profiles of 2 groups during different feeding time( week 1,2,4 and 8) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). As a result,15 total fatty acids( TFA) and 17 free fatty acids( FFA) were detected. The Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that C18: 1( n-9),C20:4( n-5) and C22: 6( n-3) had interactions among TFA,while most of FFAs had interactions in juvenile P. fulvidraco.And feeding time had significant effect on fatty acids( P < 0. 05) in juvenile P. fulvidraco. Along with the extension of feeding time,the content of free monounsaturated fatty acids( MUFA) were decreased first and then increased,while that of total monounsaturated fatty acids was increased first and then decreased. In both free fatty acids and total fatty acids in juvenile P. fulvidraco,the trend of saturated fatty acids( SFA) was all increased first and then decreased,while polyunsaturated fatty acids( PUFA) were decreased first and then increased. For TFA,There was significant effect of0. 1% fucoidanonly only on the contents of C18: 1( n-9),C20: 4( n-5) and C22: 6( n-3)( P > 0. 05) in TFA.However,there was significant effect of 0. 1% fucoidan only on the contents of all components in FFA( P < 0. 05).Compared with control group,SFA level was improved,MUFA level was reduced and the level of PUFA was increased at week 2 and decreased at week 8. In addition,the ratio of C20: 3( n-3)/C22: 6( n-3) was less than 0. 4,and the content of C22: 6( n-3) and C20: 4( n-5) fed with fucoidan was obviously higher than that of control group at week 8.The phenomena mentioned above indicated that fucoidan can improve the fecundity and hatching rate of P. fulvidraco,which was helpful to the growth and development of juvenile P. fulvidraco. The results would provided basic data for improving the healthy breeding of P. fulvidraco.
引文
[1]卓丽欣,赵红霞,黄燕华,曹俊明,王国霞,陈冰,孙育平.氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼幼鱼肠道健康的影响及精氨酸的干预作用[J].水产学报,2018,42(1):100-111
[2]马玲巧,李大鹏,田兴,汤蓉. 1龄黄颡鱼的肌肉营养成分及品质特性分析[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(1):193-196
[3]张红娟,陈秀玲,张瑞玲,高玉坡,杨振才,刘海燕.海水鱼对脂肪的需求及脂肪源替代研究进展[J].水产科学,2015,34(2):122-127
[4]宋利明,沈智宾,季诚.印度洋公海海域黄鳍金枪鱼鱼体脂肪含量与生物学参数的关系[J].水产学报,2017,41(9):1407-1414
[5]高坚,李洋,叶伟钊,王卫民,曹小娟.不同脂肪源对泥鳅稚鱼生长性能及脂肪酸组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(1):1-9
[6] Shao T,Tan C J,Yuan D Y,Wen Z Y,Li H T. Restoration of fleshfatty acid composition in drkbarbel catfish(Pelteobagrus vacshelli)using a finishing fish oil diet[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2017,41(1):139-145
[7]卓丽欣,赵红霞,黄燕华,曹俊明,王国霞,陈冰,孙育平.氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼生长性能和抗氧化指标的影响及精氨酸的干预作用[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(1):147-157
[8]艾庆辉,严晶,麦康森.鱼类脂肪与脂肪酸的转运及调控研究进展[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(4):859-868
[9]杜震宇.养殖鱼类脂肪肝成因及相关思考[J].水产学报,2014,38(9):1628-1638
[10] Li M,Lai H,Li Q,Gong S Y,Wang R X. Effects of dietary taurineon growth,immunity and hyperammonemia in juvenile yellow catfishPelteobagrus fulvidraco fed all-plant protein diets[J]. Aquaculture,2016,450(1):349-355
[11] Li J J,Zhang Q H,Li S N,Dai W Q,Feng J,Wu L W,Liu T,Chen K,Xia Y J,Lu J,Zhou Y Q,Fan X M,Guo C Y. Thenatural product fucoidan ameliorates hepatic ischemia-reperfusioninjury in mice[J]. Biomedicine&Pharmacotherapy,2017,94:687-696
[12] Anastyuk S D,Shevchenko N M,Nazarenko E L,Dmitrenok P S,Zvyagintseva T N. Structural analysis of a fucoidan from the brownalga Fucus evanescens by MALDI-TOF and tandem ESI massspectrometry[J]. Carbohydrate Research,2009,344(6):779-787
[13]纪明候.海藻化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1997
[14] Yu L,Xue C H,Chang Y G,Hu Y F,Xu X Q,Ge L,Liu G C.Structure and rheological characteristics of fucoidan from seacucumber Apostichopus japonicus[J]. Food Chemistry,2015,180(1):71-76
[15] WijesekaraⅠ,Pangestuti R,Kim S K. Biological activities andpotential health benets of sulfated polysaccharides derived frommarine algae[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers,2011,84(1):14-21
[16] Nagao T, Kumabe A, Komatsu F. Gene identification andcharacterization of fucoidan deacetylase for potential application tofucoidan degradation and diversification[J]. Journal of Bioscienceand Bioengineering,2017,124(3):277-282
[17] Wang J,Zhang Q B,Zhang Z S,Hou Y,Zhang H. In-vitroanticoagulant activity of fucoidan derivatives from brown seaweedLaminaria japonica[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology andLimnology,2011,29(3):679-685
[18] Chen A J,Lan Y,Liu J W,Zhang F,Zhang L J,Li B F,Zhao X.The structure property and endothelial protective activity of fucoidanfrom Laminaria japonica[J]. International Journal of BiologicalMacromolecules,2017,105(2):1421-1429
[19] Park M K,Jung U,Roh C. Fucoidan from marine brown algaeinhibits lipid accumulation[J]. Marine Drugs,2011,9(8):1359-1367
[20]邢燕红.褐藻糖胶(FPS)的调脂机制探讨[D].广州:广州中医药大学,2005
[21]吴清和,邢燕红,黄萍,李淑雯.褐藻糖胶对高脂血症大鼠脂代谢酶的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2007(5):408-410
[22]吴清和,邢燕红,荣向路,黄萍.褐藻糖胶(FPS)对高脂血症大鼠肝脏LDL-R mRNA表达的影响[J].中药材,2007(8):968-970
[23]徐盼盼,宋悦,陈娟娟,杨锐,严小军,钟琪.基于脂质代谢组学研究褐藻糖胶对黄颡鱼幼鱼的影响[J].分析化学,2017,45(5):641-647
[24]楼乔明,张问,刘连亮,杨文鸽,张进杰,薛长湖.狭鳕鱼皮脂肪酸组成分析及其营养评价[J].核农学报,2016,30(2):332-337
[25]张红燕,李晔,袁贝,竺周斌,王求娟,陈义芳,董丽莎,王朝阳,司开学,韩姣姣,崔晨茜,苏秀榕.金枪鱼油冬化前后脂肪酸含量和主体风味的解析[J].核农学报,2017,31(2):314-324
[26] Küpper F C,Gaquerel E,Boneberg E M,Morath S,Salaün J P,Potin P. Early events in the perception of lipopolysaccharides in thebrown alga Laminaria digitata include an oxidative burst andactivation of fatty acid oxidation cascades[J]. Journal ofExperimental Botany,2006,57(9):1991-1999
[27] Su X L,Xu J L,Yan X J,Zhao P,Chen J J,Zhou C X,Zhao F,Li S. Lipidomic changes during different growth stages of Nitzschiaclosterium f. minutissima[J]. Metabolomics,2013,9(2):300-310
[28] Yang Q,Yang R,Li M,Zhou Q C,Liang X P,Elmada Z C.Effects of dietary fucoidan on the blood constituents,anti-oxidationand innate immunity of juvenile yellow catfish(Pelteobagrusfulvidraco)[J]. Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2014,41(2):264-270
[29]杨晴,杨锐,周歧存,陈健,梁雄培.褐藻糖胶对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能和消化酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(7):1880-1887
[30] Xu P P,Wang Y J,Chen J J,Yang R,Zhou Q C. Lipidomicprofiling of juvenile yellow head catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)inresponse to fucoidan diet[J]. Aquaculture International,2017,25(3):1123-1143
[31]林利民,陈武. 5种海水养殖鱼类肌肉脂肪酸组成分析及营养评价[J].福建农业学报,2005,20(S1):67-69
[32]陈涛,于丹,赵鑫,谢瑞涛,黄凯,张盛,陆豪.繁殖期雌性江黄颡鱼的脂肪酸组成分析[J].广西农业科学,2010,41(1):66-69
[33]林浩然.鱼类生理学[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2011
[34]吴俏槿,杜冰,蔡尤林,梁钻好,林志光,邱国亮,董立军.α-亚麻酸的生理功能及开发研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(10):386-390
[35]张文春,白凡,王玉兰,田成.略论松树的全树利用[J].陕西林业科技,198(2):27-30
[36]马晶晶,王际英,孙建珍,郝甜甜,张德瑞,张利民.饲料中DHA/EPA值对星斑川鲽幼鱼生长、体组成及血清生理指标的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(2):244-256
[37]彭士明,李云莉,施兆鸿,高权新,张晨捷,王建钢.海水鱼类亲体必需脂肪酸营养的研究进展[J].海洋渔业,2016,38(1):98-106
[38]谭青松,吴凡,杜浩,梁旭方,危起伟.饲料营养对亲鱼生殖性能的影响研究进展[J].水生态学杂志,2016,37(4):1-9
[2]马玲巧,李大鹏,田兴,汤蓉. 1龄黄颡鱼的肌肉营养成分及品质特性分析[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(1):193-196
[3]张红娟,陈秀玲,张瑞玲,高玉坡,杨振才,刘海燕.海水鱼对脂肪的需求及脂肪源替代研究进展[J].水产科学,2015,34(2):122-127
[4]宋利明,沈智宾,季诚.印度洋公海海域黄鳍金枪鱼鱼体脂肪含量与生物学参数的关系[J].水产学报,2017,41(9):1407-1414
[5]高坚,李洋,叶伟钊,王卫民,曹小娟.不同脂肪源对泥鳅稚鱼生长性能及脂肪酸组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(1):1-9
[6] Shao T,Tan C J,Yuan D Y,Wen Z Y,Li H T. Restoration of fleshfatty acid composition in drkbarbel catfish(Pelteobagrus vacshelli)using a finishing fish oil diet[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2017,41(1):139-145
[7]卓丽欣,赵红霞,黄燕华,曹俊明,王国霞,陈冰,孙育平.氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼生长性能和抗氧化指标的影响及精氨酸的干预作用[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(1):147-157
[8]艾庆辉,严晶,麦康森.鱼类脂肪与脂肪酸的转运及调控研究进展[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(4):859-868
[9]杜震宇.养殖鱼类脂肪肝成因及相关思考[J].水产学报,2014,38(9):1628-1638
[10] Li M,Lai H,Li Q,Gong S Y,Wang R X. Effects of dietary taurineon growth,immunity and hyperammonemia in juvenile yellow catfishPelteobagrus fulvidraco fed all-plant protein diets[J]. Aquaculture,2016,450(1):349-355
[11] Li J J,Zhang Q H,Li S N,Dai W Q,Feng J,Wu L W,Liu T,Chen K,Xia Y J,Lu J,Zhou Y Q,Fan X M,Guo C Y. Thenatural product fucoidan ameliorates hepatic ischemia-reperfusioninjury in mice[J]. Biomedicine&Pharmacotherapy,2017,94:687-696
[12] Anastyuk S D,Shevchenko N M,Nazarenko E L,Dmitrenok P S,Zvyagintseva T N. Structural analysis of a fucoidan from the brownalga Fucus evanescens by MALDI-TOF and tandem ESI massspectrometry[J]. Carbohydrate Research,2009,344(6):779-787
[13]纪明候.海藻化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1997
[14] Yu L,Xue C H,Chang Y G,Hu Y F,Xu X Q,Ge L,Liu G C.Structure and rheological characteristics of fucoidan from seacucumber Apostichopus japonicus[J]. Food Chemistry,2015,180(1):71-76
[15] WijesekaraⅠ,Pangestuti R,Kim S K. Biological activities andpotential health benets of sulfated polysaccharides derived frommarine algae[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers,2011,84(1):14-21
[16] Nagao T, Kumabe A, Komatsu F. Gene identification andcharacterization of fucoidan deacetylase for potential application tofucoidan degradation and diversification[J]. Journal of Bioscienceand Bioengineering,2017,124(3):277-282
[17] Wang J,Zhang Q B,Zhang Z S,Hou Y,Zhang H. In-vitroanticoagulant activity of fucoidan derivatives from brown seaweedLaminaria japonica[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology andLimnology,2011,29(3):679-685
[18] Chen A J,Lan Y,Liu J W,Zhang F,Zhang L J,Li B F,Zhao X.The structure property and endothelial protective activity of fucoidanfrom Laminaria japonica[J]. International Journal of BiologicalMacromolecules,2017,105(2):1421-1429
[19] Park M K,Jung U,Roh C. Fucoidan from marine brown algaeinhibits lipid accumulation[J]. Marine Drugs,2011,9(8):1359-1367
[20]邢燕红.褐藻糖胶(FPS)的调脂机制探讨[D].广州:广州中医药大学,2005
[21]吴清和,邢燕红,黄萍,李淑雯.褐藻糖胶对高脂血症大鼠脂代谢酶的影响[J].广州中医药大学学报,2007(5):408-410
[22]吴清和,邢燕红,荣向路,黄萍.褐藻糖胶(FPS)对高脂血症大鼠肝脏LDL-R mRNA表达的影响[J].中药材,2007(8):968-970
[23]徐盼盼,宋悦,陈娟娟,杨锐,严小军,钟琪.基于脂质代谢组学研究褐藻糖胶对黄颡鱼幼鱼的影响[J].分析化学,2017,45(5):641-647
[24]楼乔明,张问,刘连亮,杨文鸽,张进杰,薛长湖.狭鳕鱼皮脂肪酸组成分析及其营养评价[J].核农学报,2016,30(2):332-337
[25]张红燕,李晔,袁贝,竺周斌,王求娟,陈义芳,董丽莎,王朝阳,司开学,韩姣姣,崔晨茜,苏秀榕.金枪鱼油冬化前后脂肪酸含量和主体风味的解析[J].核农学报,2017,31(2):314-324
[26] Küpper F C,Gaquerel E,Boneberg E M,Morath S,Salaün J P,Potin P. Early events in the perception of lipopolysaccharides in thebrown alga Laminaria digitata include an oxidative burst andactivation of fatty acid oxidation cascades[J]. Journal ofExperimental Botany,2006,57(9):1991-1999
[27] Su X L,Xu J L,Yan X J,Zhao P,Chen J J,Zhou C X,Zhao F,Li S. Lipidomic changes during different growth stages of Nitzschiaclosterium f. minutissima[J]. Metabolomics,2013,9(2):300-310
[28] Yang Q,Yang R,Li M,Zhou Q C,Liang X P,Elmada Z C.Effects of dietary fucoidan on the blood constituents,anti-oxidationand innate immunity of juvenile yellow catfish(Pelteobagrusfulvidraco)[J]. Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2014,41(2):264-270
[29]杨晴,杨锐,周歧存,陈健,梁雄培.褐藻糖胶对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能和消化酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(7):1880-1887
[30] Xu P P,Wang Y J,Chen J J,Yang R,Zhou Q C. Lipidomicprofiling of juvenile yellow head catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)inresponse to fucoidan diet[J]. Aquaculture International,2017,25(3):1123-1143
[31]林利民,陈武. 5种海水养殖鱼类肌肉脂肪酸组成分析及营养评价[J].福建农业学报,2005,20(S1):67-69
[32]陈涛,于丹,赵鑫,谢瑞涛,黄凯,张盛,陆豪.繁殖期雌性江黄颡鱼的脂肪酸组成分析[J].广西农业科学,2010,41(1):66-69
[33]林浩然.鱼类生理学[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2011
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