网箱养殖刺鲃肌肉营养成分分析及评价
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摘要
采用常规生化分析方法测定湖南芷江网箱养殖刺鲃(Spinibarbus caldwelli)肌肉(鲜样)营养成分的组成和含量,并对其营养价值进行综合评价。结果表明:网箱养殖刺鲃肌肉中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分的含量分别为73.44%、24.18%、3.63%、1.28%。肌肉中共检测出17种氨基酸,氨基酸总含量(TAA)为18.08%,其中必需氨基酸(EAA)含量为6.70%,占氨基酸总量的37.06%,必需氨基酸(EAA)与非必需氨基酸(NEAA)含量的比值为58.88%,其必需氨基酸比例符合FAO/WTO的理想模式。以氨基酸评分(AAS)评价,Val和Ile为肌肉第一、二限制性氨基酸;以化学评分(CS)评价,Met+Cys和Val为肌肉第一、二限制性氨基酸。必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为58.39,鲜味氨基酸(DAA)含量为6.97%,占氨基酸总量的38.55%。肌肉中检测出饱和脂肪酸(SFA)3种、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA) 3种、多不饱和脂肪(PUFA)5种,共11种脂肪酸。SFA、MUFA、PUFA分别占脂肪酸总量的20.56%、54.71%、24.72%,C20:5n-3(EPA)与C22:6n-3(DHA)之和占脂肪酸总量的1.86%。研究表明,网箱养殖刺鲃肌肉具有食用营养价值。
In order to evaluate the nutritonal values of the muscle(fresh samples) of spinibarbus hollandi(Oshima) cultured in Zhijiang river reservoir cage in Hunan province, the composition and content of the nutrients were determined by conventional biochemical analysis methods. The results showed that the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and ash in fresh muscle of Spinibarbus caldwelli were73.44%, 24.18%, 3.63%, 1.28%, respectively. There were 17 kinds of amino acids in Spinibarbus caldwelli muscle, with the content of total amino acids(TAA) of 18.08% and the content of essential amino acids(EAA) of 6.70%. The EAA/TAA was found to be 37.06% and EAA/NEAA 58.88%, which were completely met to the high-quality protein standard of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization(FAO/WHO). The essential amino acid index(EAAI) was 58.39 and the delicious amino acids(DAA) accounted for 6.97% with the DAA/TAA was 38.55%.The muscle contained with 11 kinds of fatty acids, in which the saturated fatty acids(SFA) accounted for 20.56%,the monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) accounted for 54.71%, and the polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) accounted for 24.72%, respectively.The total content of EPA and DHA accounted for 1.86%. The results showed that Spinibarbus caldwelli had edible nutritional value.
In order to evaluate the nutritonal values of the muscle(fresh samples) of spinibarbus hollandi(Oshima) cultured in Zhijiang river reservoir cage in Hunan province, the composition and content of the nutrients were determined by conventional biochemical analysis methods. The results showed that the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and ash in fresh muscle of Spinibarbus caldwelli were73.44%, 24.18%, 3.63%, 1.28%, respectively. There were 17 kinds of amino acids in Spinibarbus caldwelli muscle, with the content of total amino acids(TAA) of 18.08% and the content of essential amino acids(EAA) of 6.70%. The EAA/TAA was found to be 37.06% and EAA/NEAA 58.88%, which were completely met to the high-quality protein standard of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization(FAO/WHO). The essential amino acid index(EAAI) was 58.39 and the delicious amino acids(DAA) accounted for 6.97% with the DAA/TAA was 38.55%.The muscle contained with 11 kinds of fatty acids, in which the saturated fatty acids(SFA) accounted for 20.56%,the monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) accounted for 54.71%, and the polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) accounted for 24.72%, respectively.The total content of EPA and DHA accounted for 1.86%. The results showed that Spinibarbus caldwelli had edible nutritional value.
引文
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[4]Tang Q Y,Liu H Z,Yang X P,et al.Molecular and morphological data suggest that Spinibarbus caldwelli(Nichols)(Teleostei:Cyprinidae)is a Valid species[J].Ichthyological Research,2005,52:77-82
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[6]李成,程小飞,洪波,等.刺鲃鱼卵营养成分分析及评价[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(7):2204-2212LI Cheng,CHENG Xiao-fei,HONG Bo,et al.Nutritional analysis and evaluation on eggs of Spinibarbus caldwelli[J].Acta Zoonutrimenta Sinica,2016,28(7):2204-2212
[7]杨君兴,陈银瑞.倒刺鲃属鱼类系统分类的研究(鲤形目:鲤科)[J].动物学研究,1994,4:1-10YANG Jun-xing,CHEN Yin-rui.Systematic revision of Spinibarbus fishes(Cypriniformes:Cyprinidae)[J].Zoological Research,1994,4:1-10
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[9]王贵英.中华倒刺鲃鱼种对配合饲料营养需求的初步研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2008WANG Gui-ying.Preliminary studies on meet nutritional needs in Spinibarbus sinensis fry compound feed[D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2008
[10]林小植,谢小军,罗毅平.中华倒刺鲃幼鱼饲料蛋白质需求量的研究[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(4):674-681LIN Xiao-zhi,XIE Xiao-jun,LUO Yi-ping.Dietary protein requirement for juvenile Spinibarbus sinensis[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2009,33(4):674-681
[11]李成,秦溱,李金龙,等.不同蛋白水平饲料对光倒刺鲃幼鱼生长、消化酶及体成分的影响[J].饲料工业,2018,39(24):34-39LI Cheng,QIN Qin,LI Jin-long,et al.Effect of dietary with different protein levels on the growth,digestive enzyme activities and body composition of the juvenile Spinibarbus Hollandi Oshima[J].Feed Industry,2018,39(24):34-39
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[13]黎臻,张饮江,张乐婷,等.光倒刺鲃对水绵、轮叶黑藻、金鱼藻的摄食选择性及对水质影响[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(4):735-743LI Zhen,ZHANG Yin-jiang,ZHANG Le-ting,et al.Study on feeding preference of Spinibarbus hollandi to spirogyra,Hydrilla verticillata and Ceratophyllum demersum and effect on water quality[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2013,37(4):735-743
[14]谢巧雄,刘玉峰,肖斌,等.中华倒刺鲃鱼营养成份的初步分析[J].水利渔业,2004,1:17-18XIE Qiao-xiong,LIU Yu-feng,XIAO Bin,et al.Preliminary analysis of nutritional components of Spinibarbus sinensis[J].Reservoir Fisheries,2004,1:17-18
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[16]陈意明,黄钧,蔡子德,等.光倒刺鲃的含肉率和肌肉营养成分分析[J].水利渔业,2001,2:22-24CHEN Yi-ming,HUANG Jun,CAI Zi-de,et al.Rate of flesh content and analysis of nutritional composition in muscle of Spinibarbus hollandi[J].Reservoir Fisheries,2001,2:22-24
[17]薛喜文,于化泓,叶反帝,等.刺鲃(Barbodes cadwelli)肌肉营养成分分析[J].江西水产科技,2002,4:21-23XUE Xi-wen,YU Hua-hong,YE Fan-di,et al.Analysis of nutritional composition in muscle of Barbodes cadwelli[J].Jiangxi Fisheries Science and Technology,2002,4:21-23
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[19]彭凌,刘主,朱必凤,等.光倒刺鲃、中华倒刺鲃和倒刺鲃氨基酸成分和微量元素的测定[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2005,27(4):6-7PENG Ling,LIU Zhu,ZHU Bi-feng,et al.Determination of amino acids and microelements in Spinibarbus hollandi Oshima,Bardodes sinensis and S.denticulatus doenticulatus[J].Amino Acids&Biotic Resources,2005,27(4):6-7
[20]程小飞,田晶晶,吉红,等.蚕蛹基础日粮中添加不同脂肪源对框鳞镜鲤生长、体成分及健康状况的影响[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(4):656-668CHENG Xiao-fei,TIAN Jing-jing,JI Hong,et al.Effects of different lipid sources in the silk worm pupa-based diet for mirror carp(Cyprinus Carpio var.Specularis)on growth performance,body composition and health status[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2013,37(4):656-668
[21]Tian J J,Ji H,Hiromi Oku,et al.Effects of dietary arachidonic acid(ara)on lipid metabolism and health status of juvenile grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idellus[J].Aquaculture,2014,430:57-65
[22]FAO/WHO Ad Hoe Expert committee.energy and protein requirements[M].Rome:FAO Nutrition Meeting Report Series,1973
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