省会城市初中生健康素养及其与饮食行为的关系
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摘要
目的了解省会城市初中生健康素养状况及其与饮食行为之间的相关关系,为改善初中生饮食结构,提高健康素养提供支持。方法采用方便抽样的方法,在沈阳市、南京市、海口市共对2 614名省会城市初中一~二年级儿童青少年健康素养及饮食行为状况进行调查。结果省会城市初中生健康素养平均得分为(73.27±7.45)分,3个城市平均得分差异有统计学意义(F=48.53,P<0.01)。不良饮食行为方面,存在挑食或偏食行为的比例为33.86%,经常吃洋快餐的比例为43.27%。3个省会城市初中生挑食或偏食的检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=14.02,P<0.01)。具备健康素养的初中生挑食或偏食的检出率最低(23.06%),其次为部分具备健康素养(34.53%),不具备健康素养的初中生挑食或偏食检出率最高(64.43%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=90.78,P<0.01)。不同性别、城郊、城市、健康素养水平学生经常吃洋快餐的检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为8.01,12.01,14.02,57.61,P值均<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,经常吃洋快餐(OR=1.25)是挑食或偏食行为发生的危险因素。性别、城郊、年级、挑食或偏食是经常吃洋快餐的影响因素(OR值分别为1.29,1.21,1.24,1.24,P值均<0.01)。结论健康素养水平的提高能够有效降低初中生不良饮食行为的发生率。
Objective To understand the relationship between health literacy and dietary behavior among junior high school students in provincial capital cities. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to investigate the health literacy and dietary behaviors among 2 614 adolescents in the first-and second-year of junior high schools in three provincial capital cities in Shenyang,Nanjing and Haikou. Results The average score of health literacy of junior middle school students was( 73.27±7.45) points. Average scores in health literacy differed significantly in region( F = 48.53, P<0.01). In terms of unhealthy eating behavior, the proportion of picky or partial eclipse behavior was 33.86%, and the proportion of frequent fast food consumption was 43.27%. Prevalence of picky or partial eclipse behavior was lowest( 23.06%) among students with sufficient health literacy, followed by students with moderate level of health literacy( 34.53%), and highest( 64.43%) among those lack of health literacy( χ~2= 90.78, P< 0.01). The prevalence of frequent fast food consumption differed in gender, living in suburb, provincial capitals and health literacy( χ~2= 8.01,12.01, 14.02, 57.61, P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that the risk of picky or partial eclipse behavior in grade 2 students was1.235 times higher than that of grade 1 students. Frequent fast food consumption( OR = 1.25) was a risk factor for picky or partial eclipse behaviors. Girls( OR = 1.29), living in suburb( OR = 1.21), grade( OR = 1.24), picky or partial eclipse behavior( OR = 1.24)are risk factors for frequent fast food consumption. Conclusion Health literacy improvement might help to prevent unhealthy eating behavior among junior high school students in provincial cities of China.
Objective To understand the relationship between health literacy and dietary behavior among junior high school students in provincial capital cities. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to investigate the health literacy and dietary behaviors among 2 614 adolescents in the first-and second-year of junior high schools in three provincial capital cities in Shenyang,Nanjing and Haikou. Results The average score of health literacy of junior middle school students was( 73.27±7.45) points. Average scores in health literacy differed significantly in region( F = 48.53, P<0.01). In terms of unhealthy eating behavior, the proportion of picky or partial eclipse behavior was 33.86%, and the proportion of frequent fast food consumption was 43.27%. Prevalence of picky or partial eclipse behavior was lowest( 23.06%) among students with sufficient health literacy, followed by students with moderate level of health literacy( 34.53%), and highest( 64.43%) among those lack of health literacy( χ~2= 90.78, P< 0.01). The prevalence of frequent fast food consumption differed in gender, living in suburb, provincial capitals and health literacy( χ~2= 8.01,12.01, 14.02, 57.61, P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that the risk of picky or partial eclipse behavior in grade 2 students was1.235 times higher than that of grade 1 students. Frequent fast food consumption( OR = 1.25) was a risk factor for picky or partial eclipse behaviors. Girls( OR = 1.29), living in suburb( OR = 1.21), grade( OR = 1.24), picky or partial eclipse behavior( OR = 1.24)are risk factors for frequent fast food consumption. Conclusion Health literacy improvement might help to prevent unhealthy eating behavior among junior high school students in provincial cities of China.
引文
[1]刘舒萍,任正中,刘维波,等.重庆市某区初中生健康素养与生活质量的相关性分析[J].重庆医学,2018,47(21):2828-2830.
[2]马军.儿童少年卫生发展[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(9):863-865.
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[4]李凤霞,孙桐,刘永娟,等.山东青少年健康素养水平及其影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(2):105-109.
[5] CHISOLM D J,MANGANELLO J A,KELLEHER K J,et al.Healthliteracy,alcohol expectancies,and alcohol use behaviors in teens[J].Pat Edu Couns,2014,97(2):291-296.
[6]谭雪庆,余小鸣,宋玉珍,等.3省市高中生健康素养与吸烟、饮酒行为的关联分析[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(3):199-202.
[7]茆汉梅,潘耀东,高涵昌.苏州市小学教师健康素养水平及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(2):114-118.
[8]胡晓先,汪飞,冯天磊,等.安徽省某县留守初中生与非留守初中生健康素养比较研究[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(10):943-945,959.
[9]余小鸣,张芯,郭帅军,等.构建中小学生健康素养评价体系及工具的探索性研究[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(7):581-586.
[10]薛勇,陈云,赵艾,等.学龄儿童不良饮食行为对超重和肥胖的影响[J].卫生研究,2014,43(5):764-767.
[11]刘力,李云辉.儿童不良饮食行为及其干预措施[J].中国妇幼保健,2006,23(19):2738-2739.
[12]冷艳,孙桐,张少华,等.山东省城市初中学生健康素养影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(8):681-685.
[13]彭林丽,何芳,王曦林,等.重庆市某主城区初中生健康素养水平及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(11):1727-1730.
[14]邱顺翼,张俊青,凤翀.合肥市初中学生健康素养水平现状调查[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2016,22(4):225-228.
[15]葛晓燕,刘正淑.青少年健康素养与肥胖相关风险因素探讨分析[J].重庆医学,2017,46(30):4236-4239,4242.
[16]李丽平,史慧静,亓德云,等.上海市虹口区中学生健康素养水平及影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2017,34(9):792-796.
[17]国家统计局.2017年全国26省会城市GDP排名[EB/OL].[2018-04-11].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s? id=1597430667426201003&wfr=spider&for=pc.
[18]盛彤彤,邵海亚,程向前,等.南京4所高校一、二年级学生健康素养现况分析及对策[J].东南大学学报(医学版),2017,36(4):581-586.
[19]张雪莹,赵学芳.苏州市大学生营养状况及其影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(3):257-259,262.
[20]余小鸣.学生健康素养的提升及对策[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(7):965-967.
[21]新华社.中共中央国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》[EB/OL].[2016-10-25]. http://www. gov. cn/zhengce/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm.
[2]马军.儿童少年卫生发展[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(9):863-865.
[3]张华,孙志岭,高海霞,等.大学生健康素养的影响因素及基于移动终端的健康教育需求分析[J].重庆医学,2018,47(15):2055-2060.
[4]李凤霞,孙桐,刘永娟,等.山东青少年健康素养水平及其影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(2):105-109.
[5] CHISOLM D J,MANGANELLO J A,KELLEHER K J,et al.Healthliteracy,alcohol expectancies,and alcohol use behaviors in teens[J].Pat Edu Couns,2014,97(2):291-296.
[6]谭雪庆,余小鸣,宋玉珍,等.3省市高中生健康素养与吸烟、饮酒行为的关联分析[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(3):199-202.
[7]茆汉梅,潘耀东,高涵昌.苏州市小学教师健康素养水平及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(2):114-118.
[8]胡晓先,汪飞,冯天磊,等.安徽省某县留守初中生与非留守初中生健康素养比较研究[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(10):943-945,959.
[9]余小鸣,张芯,郭帅军,等.构建中小学生健康素养评价体系及工具的探索性研究[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(7):581-586.
[10]薛勇,陈云,赵艾,等.学龄儿童不良饮食行为对超重和肥胖的影响[J].卫生研究,2014,43(5):764-767.
[11]刘力,李云辉.儿童不良饮食行为及其干预措施[J].中国妇幼保健,2006,23(19):2738-2739.
[12]冷艳,孙桐,张少华,等.山东省城市初中学生健康素养影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(8):681-685.
[13]彭林丽,何芳,王曦林,等.重庆市某主城区初中生健康素养水平及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(11):1727-1730.
[14]邱顺翼,张俊青,凤翀.合肥市初中学生健康素养水平现状调查[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2016,22(4):225-228.
[15]葛晓燕,刘正淑.青少年健康素养与肥胖相关风险因素探讨分析[J].重庆医学,2017,46(30):4236-4239,4242.
[16]李丽平,史慧静,亓德云,等.上海市虹口区中学生健康素养水平及影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2017,34(9):792-796.
[17]国家统计局.2017年全国26省会城市GDP排名[EB/OL].[2018-04-11].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s? id=1597430667426201003&wfr=spider&for=pc.
[18]盛彤彤,邵海亚,程向前,等.南京4所高校一、二年级学生健康素养现况分析及对策[J].东南大学学报(医学版),2017,36(4):581-586.
[19]张雪莹,赵学芳.苏州市大学生营养状况及其影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(3):257-259,262.
[20]余小鸣.学生健康素养的提升及对策[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(7):965-967.
[21]新华社.中共中央国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》[EB/OL].[2016-10-25]. http://www. gov. cn/zhengce/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm.