脐橙新品种‘龙回红’果实发育后期外观品质及内在营养成分的动态变化
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摘要
‘龙回红’脐橙由‘纽荷尔’脐橙芽变而来,2012年经江西省农作物品种审定委员会认定的脐橙新品种,其变异株系适应性强,多数生物学性状均优于其母本‘纽荷尔’脐橙。为更全面了解该脐橙品种在果实发育成熟阶段的外观品质及内在营养成分的动态变化情况,本研究以‘龙回红’脐橙及其母本‘纽荷尔’脐橙为试材,对以上两个脐橙品种果实发育后期的相关生理生化指标进行测定,结果表明:随着果实的发育成熟,‘龙回红’和‘纽荷尔’的外观品质(单果重及横,纵径,果皮色差指数)呈逐渐上升的变化趋势;可溶性固形物(total soluble solid, TSS)、总糖、维生素C (vitamin C, Vc)含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,可滴定酸(titratable acid,TA)含量呈逐渐下降的变化趋势。‘龙回红’脐橙果实的红绿色差a*、色差指数(citrus colour index, CCI)、TSS、总糖含量、单果重及横、纵径均高于‘纽荷尔’脐橙,TA和Vc含量低于‘纽荷尔’,其外观品质和果实风味优于‘纽荷尔’脐橙。
'Longhuihong' navel orange is a bud mutation of the 'Newhall' navel orange and has been approved as new navel orange cultivar by Jiangxi committee for the examination and approval of crop varieties in 2012. With excellent adaptability and most biological traits are superior to its female parent 'Newhall' navel orange. In order to identify the dynamic changes of exterior quality and internal nutrient components in the period of maturation,'Longhuihong' and its female parent 'Newhall' navel oranges were treated as the test material, the related physiological and biochemical properties of them in the later stage of fruit development were measured. The results showed that the exterior quality such as single fruit weight, longitudinal, transverse diameter and color index of navel oranges all increased during the maturation and ripening process; the contents of total soluble solid(TSS), total sugar and vitamin C(Vc) offered upgrade firstly than descending latter tendency while the content of titratable acid(TA) showed a downward tendency. The fruit a*, CCI, TSS, total sugar content, fruit weight, and longitudinal,transverse diameter of 'Longhuihong' navel orange were all higher than those of 'Newhall' navel orange, and the content of TA and Vc in 'Longhuihong' navel orange were lower than that of 'Newhall' navel orange. Conclusively,the exterior quality and fruit flavor of 'Longhuihong' navel orange were inferior to 'Newhall'.
'Longhuihong' navel orange is a bud mutation of the 'Newhall' navel orange and has been approved as new navel orange cultivar by Jiangxi committee for the examination and approval of crop varieties in 2012. With excellent adaptability and most biological traits are superior to its female parent 'Newhall' navel orange. In order to identify the dynamic changes of exterior quality and internal nutrient components in the period of maturation,'Longhuihong' and its female parent 'Newhall' navel oranges were treated as the test material, the related physiological and biochemical properties of them in the later stage of fruit development were measured. The results showed that the exterior quality such as single fruit weight, longitudinal, transverse diameter and color index of navel oranges all increased during the maturation and ripening process; the contents of total soluble solid(TSS), total sugar and vitamin C(Vc) offered upgrade firstly than descending latter tendency while the content of titratable acid(TA) showed a downward tendency. The fruit a*, CCI, TSS, total sugar content, fruit weight, and longitudinal,transverse diameter of 'Longhuihong' navel orange were all higher than those of 'Newhall' navel orange, and the content of TA and Vc in 'Longhuihong' navel orange were lower than that of 'Newhall' navel orange. Conclusively,the exterior quality and fruit flavor of 'Longhuihong' navel orange were inferior to 'Newhall'.
引文
Arendse E.,Fawole O.A.,Magwaza L.S.,and Opara U.L.,2017,Non-destru ctive prediction of internal and external quality attributes of fruit with thick rind:A review,Journal of Food Engineering,217:11-23
Avanza M.M.,Bramardi S.J.,and Mazza S.M.,2008,Statistical models to describe the fruit growth pattern in sweet orange'Valencia late',Span.J.Agric.Res.,6(4):577-585
Blasco J.,Cubero S.,and MoltóE.,2016,Quality evaluation of citrus fruits,In:Sun D.W.(ed.),Computer Vision Technology for Food Quality Evaluation(Second Edition),Academic Press,Manhattan,New York,USA,21:pp.305-325
Cao J.K.,Jiang W.B.,and Zhao Y.M.,eds.,2007,Experimental guidance of postharvest physiology and biochemistry of fruits and vegetables,China Light Industry Press,Beijing,China,pp.34-37(曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅,主编,2007,果蔬采后生理生化实验指导,中国轻工业出版社,中国,北京,pp.34-37)
Dubois M.,Gilles K.A.,Hamilton J.K.,Rebers P.A.,and Smith F.,1956,Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances,Analytical Chemistry,28:350-356
Guo L.L.,2007,Color and pigment analysis of citrus fruit during development and storage,Thesis for M.S.,Huazhong Agriculture University,Supervisor:Yi H.L.,pp.26(郭琳琳,2007,柑橘果实发育及保鲜的色泽和色素分析,硕士学位论文,华中农业大学,导师:伊华林,pp.26)
Huyskens S.,Timberg R.,and Gross J.,1985,Pigment and plastid ultrastructural changes in kumquat(Fortunella margarita)nagami during ripening,J.Plant.Physiol.,118(1):61-72
Khalid S.,Malik A.U.,Saleem B.A.,Khan A.S.,Khalid M.S.,and Amin M.,2012,Tree age and canopy position affect rind quality,fruit quality and rind nutrient content of'Kin now'mandarin(Citrus nobilis Lour×Citrus deliciosa Tenora),Sci.Hortic.,135:137-144
Lado J.,Gambetta G.,and Zacarias L.,2018,Key determinants of citrus fruit quality:metabolites and main changes during maturation,Sci.Hortic.,233:238-248
Lan W.J.,Li X.D.,Xiong Y.B.,Deng W.J.,Hu K.,and Qin W.,2017,Effect of two different treatments on aroma composition of Huangguo fruit at low temperature,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),36(7):2973-2982(兰维杰,李心丹,熊亚波,邓雯瑾,胡可,秦文,2017,两种保鲜处理对黄果柑低温贮藏期间香气成分动态变化的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,36(7):2973-2982)
Liu D.C.,Zeng Q.,Liu Y.,Wu Q.,Wang Y.C.,and Liu S.B.,2013,Study on the chromatism index variation of fruit peel from the'Newhall'navel orange and its glossy mutant during the fruit development,Guoshu Xuebao(Journal of Fruit Science),30(6):914-917(刘德春,曾琼,刘勇,吴启,王玥辰,刘山蓓,2013,‘纽荷尔’脐橙及其光泽型突变体果皮色差指数变化规律的研究,果树学报,30(6):914-917)
Liu Y.M.,Li D.,Chen Y.F.,Zhang X.Y.,Xi D.D.,and Chen H.J.,2016,Dynamics of nutrient components of the new peach strain'Baojiajun'during its late development,Jiyingzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biolo gy),35(9):2508-2512(刘艳萌,李丹,陈一凡,张学英,奚冬冬,陈海江,2016,桃新品系“保佳俊”果实发育后期主要营养成分的动态变化,基因组学与应用生物学,35(9):2508-2512)
Peng L.Z.,Huang Z.J.,Yin W.P.,Chun C.P.,and Cao L.,2014,Anew navel orange cultivar'Longhuihong',Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),41(1):187-188(彭良志,黄宗俊,殷文萍,淳长品,曹立,2014,脐橙新品种‘龙回红’,园艺学报,41(1):187-188)
Pérez A.G.,Luaces P.,Oliva J.,Ríos J.J.,and Sanz C.,2005,Changes in vitamin C and flavour components of mandarin juice due to curing of fruits,Food Chem.,91:19-24
Rodrigo M.J.,Alquézar B.,Alós E.,Lado J.,and Zacarías L.,2013,Biochemical bases and molecular regulation of pigmentation in the peel of Citrus fruit,Sci.Hortic.,163:46-62
Yuan G.P.,Chun C.P.,Peng L.Z.,Huang Z.J.,Huang T.Q.,Yang H.D.,Fu X.Z.,Ling L.L.,and Cao L.,2017,A study on the difference of'Newhall'navel orange and its sport'Longhui hong'navel orange,Guoshu Xuebao(Journal of Fruit Science),34(9):1117-1124(袁高鹏,淳长品,彭良志,黄宗俊,黄同麒,杨惠栋,付行政,凌丽俐,曹立,2017,‘纽荷尔’脐橙及其芽变品种‘龙回红’脐橙的比较研究,果树学报,34(9):1117-1124)
Yuan Q.F.,Cai Y.Q.,Chen S.Y.,Li X.L.,and Li J.Q.,2011,Study on fruit growth rhythm of Newhall navel orange based on Logistic model,Jiangxi Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi),23(8):36-38(袁启凤,蔡永强,陈守一,李向林,李金强,2011,纽荷尔脐橙果实生长规律Logistic模型探究,江西农业学报,23(8):36-38)
Zhou Y.,He W.Z.,Zheng W.L.,Tan Q.L.,Xie Z.Z.,Zheng C.S.,and Hu C.X.,2018,Fruit sugar and organic acid were significantly related to fruit Mg of six citrus cultivars,Food Chem.,259:278-285
Avanza M.M.,Bramardi S.J.,and Mazza S.M.,2008,Statistical models to describe the fruit growth pattern in sweet orange'Valencia late',Span.J.Agric.Res.,6(4):577-585
Blasco J.,Cubero S.,and MoltóE.,2016,Quality evaluation of citrus fruits,In:Sun D.W.(ed.),Computer Vision Technology for Food Quality Evaluation(Second Edition),Academic Press,Manhattan,New York,USA,21:pp.305-325
Cao J.K.,Jiang W.B.,and Zhao Y.M.,eds.,2007,Experimental guidance of postharvest physiology and biochemistry of fruits and vegetables,China Light Industry Press,Beijing,China,pp.34-37(曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅,主编,2007,果蔬采后生理生化实验指导,中国轻工业出版社,中国,北京,pp.34-37)
Dubois M.,Gilles K.A.,Hamilton J.K.,Rebers P.A.,and Smith F.,1956,Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances,Analytical Chemistry,28:350-356
Guo L.L.,2007,Color and pigment analysis of citrus fruit during development and storage,Thesis for M.S.,Huazhong Agriculture University,Supervisor:Yi H.L.,pp.26(郭琳琳,2007,柑橘果实发育及保鲜的色泽和色素分析,硕士学位论文,华中农业大学,导师:伊华林,pp.26)
Huyskens S.,Timberg R.,and Gross J.,1985,Pigment and plastid ultrastructural changes in kumquat(Fortunella margarita)nagami during ripening,J.Plant.Physiol.,118(1):61-72
Khalid S.,Malik A.U.,Saleem B.A.,Khan A.S.,Khalid M.S.,and Amin M.,2012,Tree age and canopy position affect rind quality,fruit quality and rind nutrient content of'Kin now'mandarin(Citrus nobilis Lour×Citrus deliciosa Tenora),Sci.Hortic.,135:137-144
Lado J.,Gambetta G.,and Zacarias L.,2018,Key determinants of citrus fruit quality:metabolites and main changes during maturation,Sci.Hortic.,233:238-248
Lan W.J.,Li X.D.,Xiong Y.B.,Deng W.J.,Hu K.,and Qin W.,2017,Effect of two different treatments on aroma composition of Huangguo fruit at low temperature,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),36(7):2973-2982(兰维杰,李心丹,熊亚波,邓雯瑾,胡可,秦文,2017,两种保鲜处理对黄果柑低温贮藏期间香气成分动态变化的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,36(7):2973-2982)
Liu D.C.,Zeng Q.,Liu Y.,Wu Q.,Wang Y.C.,and Liu S.B.,2013,Study on the chromatism index variation of fruit peel from the'Newhall'navel orange and its glossy mutant during the fruit development,Guoshu Xuebao(Journal of Fruit Science),30(6):914-917(刘德春,曾琼,刘勇,吴启,王玥辰,刘山蓓,2013,‘纽荷尔’脐橙及其光泽型突变体果皮色差指数变化规律的研究,果树学报,30(6):914-917)
Liu Y.M.,Li D.,Chen Y.F.,Zhang X.Y.,Xi D.D.,and Chen H.J.,2016,Dynamics of nutrient components of the new peach strain'Baojiajun'during its late development,Jiyingzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biolo gy),35(9):2508-2512(刘艳萌,李丹,陈一凡,张学英,奚冬冬,陈海江,2016,桃新品系“保佳俊”果实发育后期主要营养成分的动态变化,基因组学与应用生物学,35(9):2508-2512)
Peng L.Z.,Huang Z.J.,Yin W.P.,Chun C.P.,and Cao L.,2014,Anew navel orange cultivar'Longhuihong',Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),41(1):187-188(彭良志,黄宗俊,殷文萍,淳长品,曹立,2014,脐橙新品种‘龙回红’,园艺学报,41(1):187-188)
Pérez A.G.,Luaces P.,Oliva J.,Ríos J.J.,and Sanz C.,2005,Changes in vitamin C and flavour components of mandarin juice due to curing of fruits,Food Chem.,91:19-24
Rodrigo M.J.,Alquézar B.,Alós E.,Lado J.,and Zacarías L.,2013,Biochemical bases and molecular regulation of pigmentation in the peel of Citrus fruit,Sci.Hortic.,163:46-62
Yuan G.P.,Chun C.P.,Peng L.Z.,Huang Z.J.,Huang T.Q.,Yang H.D.,Fu X.Z.,Ling L.L.,and Cao L.,2017,A study on the difference of'Newhall'navel orange and its sport'Longhui hong'navel orange,Guoshu Xuebao(Journal of Fruit Science),34(9):1117-1124(袁高鹏,淳长品,彭良志,黄宗俊,黄同麒,杨惠栋,付行政,凌丽俐,曹立,2017,‘纽荷尔’脐橙及其芽变品种‘龙回红’脐橙的比较研究,果树学报,34(9):1117-1124)
Yuan Q.F.,Cai Y.Q.,Chen S.Y.,Li X.L.,and Li J.Q.,2011,Study on fruit growth rhythm of Newhall navel orange based on Logistic model,Jiangxi Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi),23(8):36-38(袁启凤,蔡永强,陈守一,李向林,李金强,2011,纽荷尔脐橙果实生长规律Logistic模型探究,江西农业学报,23(8):36-38)
Zhou Y.,He W.Z.,Zheng W.L.,Tan Q.L.,Xie Z.Z.,Zheng C.S.,and Hu C.X.,2018,Fruit sugar and organic acid were significantly related to fruit Mg of six citrus cultivars,Food Chem.,259:278-285