考虑温度影响的摩阻扭矩计算模型及应用
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摘要
管柱在井下受热,产生的热应力会改变管柱轴向力,影响摩阻扭矩的计算。通过实验测量钻井液在不同温度下的润滑系数和泥饼黏滞系数,拟合出其随温度变化关系,结合热应力的作用,建立考虑温度影响的摩阻扭矩计算模型。实验结果表明,KCl聚合物润滑钻井液和油基钻井液的润滑系数和泥饼黏滞系数随温度升高而增大。应用该模型对涪陵页岩气焦石坝区块X井进行摩阻扭矩计算,得出考虑温度影响的计算模型顶驱扭矩误差为3. 7%,大钩载荷误差为4. 4%,计算精度较高。
When drill pipes are subjected to variable circulating temperatures in the wellbore,the thermal stress induced will change the axial forces on the pipes,which can affect the calculation of the torque and drag. In this study,the effects of temperature on the lubricity coefficient and cake frictional coefficient of drilling fluids were measured via indoor experiments,and a torque and drag prediction model was established considering the effect of temperature on the friction coefficient and axial force. The results show that both the lubricity coefficient and cake frictional coefficient of KCl polymer drilling fluids and oil based drilling fluids can increase with temperature. A case study for well drilling in Fuling Jiaoshiba region was conducted,and the results show that the errors of the top drive torque and hook load can be of 3. 7% and 4. 4%,respectively,when the effect of temperature is not considered.
When drill pipes are subjected to variable circulating temperatures in the wellbore,the thermal stress induced will change the axial forces on the pipes,which can affect the calculation of the torque and drag. In this study,the effects of temperature on the lubricity coefficient and cake frictional coefficient of drilling fluids were measured via indoor experiments,and a torque and drag prediction model was established considering the effect of temperature on the friction coefficient and axial force. The results show that both the lubricity coefficient and cake frictional coefficient of KCl polymer drilling fluids and oil based drilling fluids can increase with temperature. A case study for well drilling in Fuling Jiaoshiba region was conducted,and the results show that the errors of the top drive torque and hook load can be of 3. 7% and 4. 4%,respectively,when the effect of temperature is not considered.
引文
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[12]齐月魁,徐学军,李洪俊,等.BPX3X1大位移井下套管摩阻预测[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(增1):11-13.QI Yuekui,XU Xuejun,LI Hongjun,et al. Friction prediction method for extended reach well during casing running[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2005,27(sup1):11-13.
[13]李井辉,申静波,闫铁,等.基于BP神经网络的摩擦系数预测方法研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2015,45(23):179-185.LI Jinghui,SHEN Jingbo,YAN Tie,et al. The research of friction coefficient prediction based on BP neural network[J]. Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2015,45(23):179-185.
[14]李伟,王波,张文哲,等.极压减摩剂JM-1在延长油田水平井的应用[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(4):87-89.LI Wei,WANG Bo,ZHANG Wenzhe,et al.The application of EP friction reducing agent in Yanchang oil field horizontal wells[J]. Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(4):87-89.
[15]马勇,崔茂荣,杨冬梅,等.加重剂对水基钻井液润滑性能的影响研究[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):58-60.MA Yong,CUI Maorong,YANG Dongmei,et al. Study influence of heavy weight additives on lubricity of water based drilling fluids[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(10):58-60.
[16] JOHANCSIK C A. Torque and drag in directional wellsprediction and measurement[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology,1984,36(6):987-992.
[17] SHEPPARD M C,WICK C,BURGESS T. Designing well paths to reduce drag and torque[J]. SPE Drilling Engineering,1987,2(4):344-350.
[18] MAIDLA E E,WOJTANOWICZ A K. Field comparison of 2-D and 3-D methods for the borehole friction evaluation in directional wells[R]. SPE 16663,1987.
[19] HO H S. An improved modeling program for computing the torque and drag in directional and deep wells[R].SPE 18047,1988.
[20]张建群,孙学增.定向井中摩擦阻力模式及其应用的初步研究[J].大庆石油学院学报,1989,13(4):23-28.ZHANG Jianqun,SUN Xuezeng. A preliminary study of frictional drag model and its application to directional wells[J]. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1989,13(4):23-28.
[21]高德利.油气井管柱力学[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.
[22]樊洪海.实用钻井流体力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2014.
[2]黄根炉,李伟,倪红坚,等.提拉-释放法套管下入机理[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(4):85-90.HUANG Genlu,LI Wei,NI Hongjian,et al. Mechanism analysis of pull-up and quick release technique during casing running process[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2017,41(4):85-90.
[3]范光第,黄根炉,李绪锋,等.水平井管柱摩阻扭矩的计算模型[J].钻采工艺,2013,36(5):22-25.FAN Guangdi,HUANG Genlu,LI Xufeng,et al. Calculation model of friction torque for horizontal well string[J]. Drilling&Production Technology,2013,36(5):22-25.
[4]韩志勇.井眼内钻柱摩阻的三维和两维模型的研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1993,17(增1):44-49.HAN Zhiyong. Study on 3-D and 2-D models of drillstring torque and drag in hole[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),1993,17(sup1):44-49.
[5]秦永和,付胜利,高德利,等.大位移井摩阻扭矩力学分析新模型[J].天然气工业,2006,26(11):77-79.QIN Yonghe,FU Shengli,GAO Deli,et al. A new model for analyzing torque and drag in extended reach wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(11):77-79.
[6]高德利,刘希圣,徐秉业.井眼轨迹控制[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1994.
[7]贺志刚,付建红,施太和,等.大位移井摩阻扭矩力学模型[J].天然气工业,2001,21(5):52-54.HE Zhigang,FU Jianhong,SHI Taihe,et al. Mechanical model for calculating drag and torque in extended reach well[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2001,21(5):52-54.
[8]章浩炯,刘运荣,石晓兵,等.钻井摩阻因数分形预测模型研究[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版)理工,2012,9(6):55-57.ZHANG Haojiong,LIU Yunrong,SHI Xiaobing,et al. A study of the fractal prediction model for drilling friction coefficient[J]. Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Scieice Edition)Science&Engineering,2012,9(6):55-57.
[9]高德利,覃成锦,代伟锋,等.南海流花超大位移井摩阻/扭矩及导向钻井分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2006,28(1):9-12.GAO Deli,TAN Chengjin,DAI Weifeng,et al. Numerical analysis of down hole drag torque and rotary steering system for Liu Hua mega-extended-reach wells in South China Sea[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2006,28(1):9-12.
[10]蔚宝华,卢晓峰,王炳印,等.高温井地层温度变化对井壁稳定性影响规律研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2004,21(6):15-18.WEI Baohua,LU Xiaofeng,WANG Bingyin,et al. Law of temperature influence on well bore stability in hot well[J]. Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2004,21(6):15-18.
[11]薄和秋,黄根炉.垦东405-平1大位移井摩阻扭矩预测及分析研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(4):41-45.BO Heqiu,HUANG Genlu. Prediction and analysis of torque and drag in an extended reach well Kendong 405-Ping1[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(4):41-45.
[12]齐月魁,徐学军,李洪俊,等.BPX3X1大位移井下套管摩阻预测[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(增1):11-13.QI Yuekui,XU Xuejun,LI Hongjun,et al. Friction prediction method for extended reach well during casing running[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2005,27(sup1):11-13.
[13]李井辉,申静波,闫铁,等.基于BP神经网络的摩擦系数预测方法研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2015,45(23):179-185.LI Jinghui,SHEN Jingbo,YAN Tie,et al. The research of friction coefficient prediction based on BP neural network[J]. Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2015,45(23):179-185.
[14]李伟,王波,张文哲,等.极压减摩剂JM-1在延长油田水平井的应用[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(4):87-89.LI Wei,WANG Bo,ZHANG Wenzhe,et al.The application of EP friction reducing agent in Yanchang oil field horizontal wells[J]. Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(4):87-89.
[15]马勇,崔茂荣,杨冬梅,等.加重剂对水基钻井液润滑性能的影响研究[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):58-60.MA Yong,CUI Maorong,YANG Dongmei,et al. Study influence of heavy weight additives on lubricity of water based drilling fluids[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(10):58-60.
[16] JOHANCSIK C A. Torque and drag in directional wellsprediction and measurement[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology,1984,36(6):987-992.
[17] SHEPPARD M C,WICK C,BURGESS T. Designing well paths to reduce drag and torque[J]. SPE Drilling Engineering,1987,2(4):344-350.
[18] MAIDLA E E,WOJTANOWICZ A K. Field comparison of 2-D and 3-D methods for the borehole friction evaluation in directional wells[R]. SPE 16663,1987.
[19] HO H S. An improved modeling program for computing the torque and drag in directional and deep wells[R].SPE 18047,1988.
[20]张建群,孙学增.定向井中摩擦阻力模式及其应用的初步研究[J].大庆石油学院学报,1989,13(4):23-28.ZHANG Jianqun,SUN Xuezeng. A preliminary study of frictional drag model and its application to directional wells[J]. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1989,13(4):23-28.
[21]高德利.油气井管柱力学[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.
[22]樊洪海.实用钻井流体力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2014.