6063铝合金电池盒下壳体搅拌摩擦焊工艺试验研究
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摘要
试验研究了在较高的焊接速度和搅拌头的旋转速度下,6063铝合金电池盒下壳体焊接接头的力学性能和金相组织。结果表明,在高焊接速度和高旋转速度的搭配下得到的焊接接头强度可以达到母材强度的70%以上,但是部分情况下其伸长率低于母材的。焊接速度和旋转速度的改变对焊接接头强度的影响较小,但是对伸长率的影响较大。焊接速度为800 mm/min时,旋转速度设置到1 500 r/min以上可得到晶粒分明的组织,旋转速度增大会增大晶粒尺寸;搅拌头的旋转速度为1 500 r/min时,焊接速度的增加会逐渐使接头的晶界不清晰;若提升焊接速度的同时也提升旋转速度,则又可得到晶界分明的组织。
The experiment investigated mechanical properties and microstructure of the welded joint of the 6063 aluminum alloy battery lower housing under the high welding speed and high rotating speed of the stirring head. The results show that the strength of the welded joint obtained under the high welding speed and high rotating speed can reach more than70% of that of the base metal,but in some cases its elongation is lower than that of the base metal. The change of the welding speed and rotation speed has little effect on the strength of the welded joint,but has a great influence on the elongation. When the welding speed is 800 mm/min,the rotation speed is set to 1 500 r/min or more,a clear grain structure can be obtained,but increasing the rotation speed will increase the grain size; when the stirring head rotation speed is 1 500 r/min,the increase in speed will gradually result in unclear grain boundaries. If the rotation speed is increased simultaneously,a clear grain structure can be obtained.
The experiment investigated mechanical properties and microstructure of the welded joint of the 6063 aluminum alloy battery lower housing under the high welding speed and high rotating speed of the stirring head. The results show that the strength of the welded joint obtained under the high welding speed and high rotating speed can reach more than70% of that of the base metal,but in some cases its elongation is lower than that of the base metal. The change of the welding speed and rotation speed has little effect on the strength of the welded joint,but has a great influence on the elongation. When the welding speed is 800 mm/min,the rotation speed is set to 1 500 r/min or more,a clear grain structure can be obtained,but increasing the rotation speed will increase the grain size; when the stirring head rotation speed is 1 500 r/min,the increase in speed will gradually result in unclear grain boundaries. If the rotation speed is increased simultaneously,a clear grain structure can be obtained.
引文
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[2]李报,陈思杰,赵丕峰.汽车轻量化先进焊接技术研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2018(3):13-17.
[3]栾国红.汽车制造新技术—搅拌摩擦焊[J].汽车工艺师,2006(5):76-76.
[4] DENQUIN A,ALLEHAUX D,CAMPAGNAC M H. Microstructure evolution and strength mismatch within a friction stir welded 6056 aluminum alloy[J]. Materials and Design,2014(60):391-400.
[5]李娜,南黄河,何冰,等.旋转速度对2024-T3铝合金板搅拌摩擦焊接头成形及拉伸性能的影响[J].轻合金加工技术,2017(10):49-52.
[6] MEHTA K P,BADHEKA V J. Effects of tilt angle on the properties of dissimilar friction stir welding copper to aluminum[J]. Advanced Manufacturing Processes,2016,31(3):255-263.
[7]朱海,孙龙,彭春明,等. 6061铝合金接头成形质量及性能与搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数关系的研究[J].焊接,2017(7):45-48.
[8]张克梁,张文,张大童,等.焊接速度对6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织和力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,2017(1):65-68.
[9]彭俊,王巍.旋转速度对汽车用5052铝合金板材高速搅拌摩擦焊接接头组织及性能的影响[J].轻合金加工技术,2017,45(3):51-55.