社区综合干预对糖尿病患者接种流感疫苗的效果评价
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摘要
目的评价社区综合干预对促进糖尿病患者接种流感疫苗的效果。方法随机选择北京市朝阳区12个社区卫生服务中心的糖尿病患者,开展6个月的综合干预措施,包括社区医生、患者和社区氛围干预,比较干预前后糖尿病与接种知识知晓率和流感疫苗接种率。结果共纳入1 951名研究对象,干预后研究对象对5种糖尿病与接种知识的回答正确率显著高于干预前(χ2检验,P<0.001)。干预前、后研究对象的流感疫苗接种率分别为28.75%、48.54%(χ2=161.04,P<0.001)。结论针对糖尿病患者采取社区综合干预措施可有效提高糖尿病与免疫接种知识知晓率和流感疫苗接种率。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based, comprehensive intervention to improve influenza vaccination of diabetes patients. Methods We randomly selected diabetes patients f rom 12 community health service centers in Chaoyang district of Beijing for a 6-month comprehensive intervention involving community physicians, patients, and communities. We analyzed awareness of diabetes, knowledge of immunization, and coverage of influenza vaccine before and after the intervention. Results A total of 1 951 participants were recruited into the study. Awareness of 5-aspects of knowledge about diabetes and immunization was significantly higher af ter the intervention than before intervention(χ2 test, P<0.05). Coverage of influenza vaccination among subjects was 28.75%before intervention and 48.54% after intervention(χ2=161.04, P<0.001). Conclusions Community-based comprehensive interventions could greatly improve awareness of diabetes and immunization and increase coverage of influenza vaccine among diabetes patients.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based, comprehensive intervention to improve influenza vaccination of diabetes patients. Methods We randomly selected diabetes patients f rom 12 community health service centers in Chaoyang district of Beijing for a 6-month comprehensive intervention involving community physicians, patients, and communities. We analyzed awareness of diabetes, knowledge of immunization, and coverage of influenza vaccine before and after the intervention. Results A total of 1 951 participants were recruited into the study. Awareness of 5-aspects of knowledge about diabetes and immunization was significantly higher af ter the intervention than before intervention(χ2 test, P<0.05). Coverage of influenza vaccination among subjects was 28.75%before intervention and 48.54% after intervention(χ2=161.04, P<0.001). Conclusions Community-based comprehensive interventions could greatly improve awareness of diabetes and immunization and increase coverage of influenza vaccine among diabetes patients.
引文
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[2]WANG IK,LIN CL,CHANG YC,et al.Effectiveness ofinfluenza vaccination in elderly diabetic patients:a retrospective cohort study[J].Vaccine,2013.31(4):718-724.
[3]蒋长征,袁月荣,孙灵英,等.城市社区2型糖尿病患者接种流感疫苗知信行调查[J].预防医学,2017,29(10):1017-1020+1023.JIANG Changzheng,YUAN Yuerong,SUN Lingying,et al.Investigation ofinfluenza vaccine vaccination in urban community type 2 diabetes patients[J].Preventive Medicine,2017,29(10):1017-1020+1023.
[4]蔡衍珊,全慧.社区公卫医师对糖尿病患者免疫接种的认知[J].中国公共卫生管理,2014,30(5):755-757.CAI Yanshan,QUAN Hui.Knowledge and perception on immunization ofpatients with diabetes mellitus among community public health practitioners[J].Chinese Journal ofPublic Health Management,2014,30(5):755-757.
[5]北京市卫生和计划生育委员会.2014年北京市卫生与人群健康状况报告[R].2014.Bei jing Heal th and Fami ly Plann ing Commission.Population Health Status Report in Beijing,2014[R].2014.
[6]LOOIJMANS-VAN,DAI,et al.Clinical effectiveness offirst and repeat influenza vaccination in adult and elderly diabetic patients[J].Diabetes Care,2006,29(8):1771-1776.
[7]COLQUHOUN AJ,NICHOLSON KG,BOTHA JL,et al.Effectiveness ofinfluenza vaccine in reducing hospital admissions in people with diabetes[J].Epidemiol Infect,1997,119(3):335-341.
[8]VILLARROEL MA,VAHRATIAN A.Va ccina t ion coverage among adults with diagnosed diabetes:United States,2015[J].NCHS Data Brief,2016,12(265):1-8.