非凸体颗粒材料缓冲性能的离散元模拟
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摘要
采用离散元方法对冲击载荷作用下E形、U形和dolos形(扭转H形)等非凸体颗粒材料的缓冲性能进行数值分析。计算结果表明:与球形颗粒相比,非凸体颗粒材料具有良好的缓冲特性。同时,不同颗粒形状都存在一个临界长宽比R_c,当长宽比RR_c时,底板的压力峰值变化不再显著并趋于稳定。通过设定不同材料参数分析非凸体颗粒材料能耗散的主要方式,发现非凸体颗粒材料能量耗机制以摩擦耗散为主要方式,非弹性碰撞为次要方式,基本不存在飞溅颗粒耗散能量现象。最后,对颗粒系统在冲击过程中的平均配位数变化进行了讨论,以揭示非凸体颗粒形状对颗粒介质摩擦耗能机制的影响,结果表明,高长宽比的非凸体颗粒在冲击作用下颗粒单元接触更稳定,有利于摩擦力通过滑移诱导能量耗散,这导致非凸体颗粒具有更好的缓冲性能。
Complex systems composed of non-spherical particles are widely present in nature or industry,and their low flow and high interlocking properties under external impact loads cause the energy of the system to be effectively attenuated,thereby achieving buffering.In this paper,the discrete element method was used to numerically analyze the cushioning properties of nonconvex granular materials,such as E-,U-and dolos-shaped(twisted H-shaped),under impact load.The calculation results show that the non-convex granular material has good cushioning properties compared with spherical particles.At the same time,there is a critical aspect ratio R_c for different particle shapes.At RR_c,the pressure peak change of the bottom plate is no longer significant and tends to be stable.By analyzing the main energy dissipation modes of non-convex particle materials,it was found that the energy dissipation mechanism of such materials takes friction dissipation as the primary mode and inelastic collision as the secondary mode.Whilst there is basically no phenomenon of splash particles for energy dissipation.The average coordination number change of the particle system during the impact process was discussed to reveal the effect of nonconvex particle shape on the frictional energy dissipation mechanism of the granular medium.It is show,that non-convex particles with high aspect ratio keep more steady contact in the process of impact which is beneficial to the energy dissipation by friction through slip,and is major cause of the non-convex particles owning better buffer properties.
Complex systems composed of non-spherical particles are widely present in nature or industry,and their low flow and high interlocking properties under external impact loads cause the energy of the system to be effectively attenuated,thereby achieving buffering.In this paper,the discrete element method was used to numerically analyze the cushioning properties of nonconvex granular materials,such as E-,U-and dolos-shaped(twisted H-shaped),under impact load.The calculation results show that the non-convex granular material has good cushioning properties compared with spherical particles.At the same time,there is a critical aspect ratio R_c for different particle shapes.At R
引文
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[20]宋黎明,杨哲,董志明,等.颗粒参数和填充率对颗粒阻尼器减振性能的影响分析[J].矿山机械,2018,46(5):19-21.SONG L M,YANG Z,DONG Z M,et al.Analysis on impact of particle parameters and filling ratio on vibration reduction performance of particle damper[J].Mining&Processing Equipment,2018,46(5):19-21.
[21]OGALE S B,SHINDE S R,KARVE P A,et al.Impact induced splash and spill in a quasiconfided granular medium[J].Physica A,2006,363(2):187-197.
[2]ZHAO Z,LIU C,BROGLIATO B.Energy dissipation and dispersion effects in granular media[J].Phys Rev E:Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys,2008,78(1):031307.
[3]JI S Y,SHEN H H.Effect of contact force models on granular flow dynamics[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2006,132(11):1252.
[4]LU G,THIRD J R,MULLER C R.Discrete element models for non-spherical particle systems:From theoretical developments to applications[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2015,127:425-465.
[5]王嗣强,季顺迎.考虑等效曲率的超二次曲面单元非线性接触模型[J].力学学报,2018,50(5):1081-1092.WANG S Q,JI S Y.Non-linear contact model for super-quadric element considering the equivalent radius of curvature[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2018,50(5):1081-1092.
[6]刘扬,韩燕龙,贾富国,等.椭球颗粒搅拌运动及混合特性的数值模拟研究[J].物理学报,2015,64(11):264-271.LIU Y,HAN Y L,JIA F G,et al.Numerical simulation on stirring motion and mixing characteristics of ellipsoid particles[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(11):264-271.
[7]刘璐,龙雪,季顺迎.基于扩展多面体的离散单元法及其作用于圆桩的冰载荷计算[J].力学学报,2015,47(6):1046-1057.LIU L,LONG X,JI S Y.Dilated polyhedra based discrete element method and its application of ice load on cylindrical pile[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2015,47(6):1046-1057.
[8]崔泽群,陈友川,赵永志,等.基于超二次曲面的非球形离散单元模型研究[J].计算力学学报,2013,30(6):854-859.CUI Z Q,CHEN Y C,ZHAO Y Z,et al.Study of discrete element model for non-sphere particles base on super-quadrics[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2013,30(6):854-859.
[9]CLEARY P W,HILTON J E,SINNOTT M D.Modelling of industrial particle and multiphase flows[J].Powder Technology,2016,314:232-252.
[10]季顺迎,李鹏飞,陈晓东.冲击荷载下颗粒物质缓冲性能的试验研究[J].物理学报,2012,61(18):301-307.JI S Y,LI P F,CHEN X D.Experiments on shock-absorbing capacity of granular matter under impact load[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(18):301-307.
[11]季顺迎,樊利芳,梁绍敏.基于离散元方法的颗粒材料缓冲性能及影响因素分析[J].物理学报,2016,65(10):164-176.JI S Y,FAN L F,LIANG S M.Buffer capacity of granular materials and its influencing factors based on discrete element method[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2016,65(10):164-176.
[12]王嗣强,季顺迎.基于超二次曲面的颗粒材料缓冲性能离散元分析[J].物理学报,2018,67(9):196-208.WANG S Q,JI S Y.Discrete element analysis of buffering capacity of non-spherical granular materials based on super-quadric method[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2018,67(9):196-208.
[13]OGER L,AMMI M,VALANCE A.Discrete element method studies of the collision of one rapid sphere on 2Dand 3Dpackings[J].Eur Phys J E,2005,17(4):467-476.
[14]CIAMARRA M P,LARA A H,LEE A T.Dynamics of drag and force distributions for projectile impact in a granular medium[J].Phys Rev Lett,2004,92(19):194301.
[15]LI Y,DOVE A,CURTIS J S.3DDEM simulations and experiments exploring low-velocity projectile impacts into a granular bed[J].Powder Technol,2016,288:303-314.
[16]UEHARA J S,AMBROSO M A,OJHA R P.Low-speed impact craters in loose granular media[J].Physical Review Letters,2003,90(19):194301.
[17]VOLFSON D,TSIMRING L S,ARANSON I S.Partially fluidized shear granular flows:continuum theory and molecular dynamics simulations[J].Phys Rev E:Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys,2003,68(2):021301.
[18]DWIVEDI S K,TEETER R D,FELICE C W,et al.Two dimensional mesoscale simulations of projectile instability during penetration in dry sand[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2008,104(8):083502.
[19]SEGUIN A,BERTHO Y,GONDRET P.Influence of confinement on granular penetration by impact[J].Physical Review E:Statistical Nonlinear&Soft Matter Physics,2008,78(1):010301.
[20]宋黎明,杨哲,董志明,等.颗粒参数和填充率对颗粒阻尼器减振性能的影响分析[J].矿山机械,2018,46(5):19-21.SONG L M,YANG Z,DONG Z M,et al.Analysis on impact of particle parameters and filling ratio on vibration reduction performance of particle damper[J].Mining&Processing Equipment,2018,46(5):19-21.
[21]OGALE S B,SHINDE S R,KARVE P A,et al.Impact induced splash and spill in a quasiconfided granular medium[J].Physica A,2006,363(2):187-197.