牧草开花的分子机理研究进展
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摘要
开花期是牧草重要的农艺性状,对牧草产量、品质和利用价值具有重要影响。开花时间由微效多基因控制,调控网络复杂。开展牧草开花基因的研究,阐明牧草开花调控分子机理,有利于加快牧草开花基因挖掘,培育满足生产需求的不同成熟度的牧草新品种。牧草开花基因在模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)、水稻(Oryza sativa)、小麦(Triticum aestivum)等农作物已开展了系统深入的研究,而牧草研究相对较少。本文综述了牧草开花基因研究最新进展,以期为牧草开花基因研究提供理论参考。
Flowering time is an important agronomic trait, and has an important influence on the yield, quality, and utilization of forage grasses. Flowering time is controlled by micro-effect polygenes and the regulatory network is complex.Research on flowering genes and the molecular mechanisms of flowering regulation will facilitate the exploration and utilization of flowering genes, and lead to the development of new forage varieties with different maturities to meet different production requirements. Although flowering genes have been extensively and systematically studied in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and other crops, there has been comparatively little study of these genes in forage grasses. In this paper, we review the latest advances in the study of flowering genes in order to provide a theoretical reference for the study of these genes in forage grasses.
Flowering time is an important agronomic trait, and has an important influence on the yield, quality, and utilization of forage grasses. Flowering time is controlled by micro-effect polygenes and the regulatory network is complex.Research on flowering genes and the molecular mechanisms of flowering regulation will facilitate the exploration and utilization of flowering genes, and lead to the development of new forage varieties with different maturities to meet different production requirements. Although flowering genes have been extensively and systematically studied in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and other crops, there has been comparatively little study of these genes in forage grasses. In this paper, we review the latest advances in the study of flowering genes in order to provide a theoretical reference for the study of these genes in forage grasses.
引文
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[4]MOURADOV A,CREMER F,COUPLAND G.Control of flowering time:Interacting pathways as a basis for diversity.Plant Cell,2002,14(Suppl):S111-S130.
[5]BOSS P K,BASTOW R M,MYLNE J S,DEAN C.Multiple pathways in the decision to flower:Enabling,promoting,and resetting.Plant Cell,2004,16(Suppl):S18-S31.
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[12]FERNáNDEZ V,TAKAHASHI Y,LEGOURRIEREC J,COUPLAND G.Photoperiodic and thermosensory pathways interact through CONSTANS to promote flowering at high temperature under short days.The Plant Journal,2016,86(5):426-440.
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[17]GAGIC M,FAVILLE M,KARDAILSKY I,PUTTERILL J.Comparative genomics and functional characterisation of the GIGANTEA,gene from the temperate forage perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne.Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,2015,33(4):1-9.
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[19]王鹏,张春庆,陈化榜,吴承来.小麦冬性强弱评价体系的建立.生态学报,2012,32(4):1230-1240.WANG P,ZHANG C Q,CHEN H B,WU C L.The evaluation system of strength of winterness in wheat.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(4):1230-1240.
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[24]DUBCOVSKY J,CHEN C,YAN L.Molecular characterization of the allelic variation at the VRN-H2 vernalization locus in barley.Molecular Breeding,2005,15(4):395-407.
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[26]KIPPES N,ZHU J,CHEN A,VANZETTI L,LUKASZEWSKI A,NISHIDA H,KATO K,DVORAK J,DUBCOVSKY J.Fine mapping and epistatic interactions of the vernalization gene VRN-D4 in hexaploid wheat.Molecular Genetics and Genomics,2014,289(1):47-62.
[27]MARQUARDT S,BOSS P K,HADFIELD J,DEAN C.Additional targets of the Arabidopsis autonomous pathway members,FCAand FY.Journal of Experimental Botany,2006,57(13):3379-3386.
[28]CHENG J Z,ZHOU Y P,LV T X,XIE C P,TIAN C E.Research progress on the autonomous flowering time pathway in Arabidopsis.Physiology&Molecular Biology of Plants,2017,23(3):1-9.
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