高原驻训官兵作业疲劳状态调查及脱习服措施的研究
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摘要
目的研究高原驻训官兵作业疲劳状态及下高原脱习服对疲劳状态的影响。方法选取赴海拔4000 m高原驻训部队300名,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组在返回平原后进行脱习服训练。在上高原前10天,驻高原第10天、第30天、第90天、第150天及返回平原后第3天、第15天分别对两组进行作业疲劳症状自评量表分析。结果驻高原第30天与驻高原第10天相比较疲劳症状各因子得分均有降低(P<0.05),尤其表现在困倦感、不快感、视觉疲劳感和总分上有显著降低(P<0.01);驻高原第90天、第150天与驻高原第30天相比,各因子得分均有明显降低(P<0.001);驻高原第30天与上高原前10天的量表总分接近。高原驻训部队返回平原脱习服干预实验组在返回平原后第15天较第3天疲劳状况均有改善,尤其在不快感、怠倦感和视觉疲劳感上表现明显(P<0.01)。结论随着高原驻训时间延长,机体对高原逐渐适应,下高原后脱习服措施能够改善高原驻训官兵疲劳情况,对于促进高原驻训官兵恢复军事作用能力具有积极意义。
Objective To study work fatigue of plateau encamping soldiers and the effect of plateau de-acclimatization on their fatigue. Methods Three hundred soldiers encamped at the altitude of 4000 m were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group was de-acclimatized upon their return to the plains. Self-rating scales of work fatigue were used in both groups 10 d before departure for the plateau,10 d、30 d、90 d、150 d after their arrival at the plateau and 3 d,15 d after their return to the plains,respectively. Results The plateau encamping soldiers had a reduced score from each factor of fatigue 30 d after therir arrival at the plateau compared with 10 d( P<0.05),especially in the scores of sleepiness,discomfort,and sensory fatigue( P<0.01). The score of these soldiers from each factor of fatigue was significantly decreased 90 d and 150 d after therir arrival at the plateau compared to 30 d( P<0.001). The experimental intervention group had improved indexes of fatigue 15 days after their return to the plains compared with 3 d( P<0.05),especially in emotional disturbance,discomfort and sensory fatigue( P < 0. 01). Conclusion With the extension of the plateau encamping time,the body can gradually adapt to the plateau. De-acclimatization measures can help alleviate the fatigue of soldiers after leaving the plateau,which can contribute to the resumption of the soldiers' ability to engage in military operations.
Objective To study work fatigue of plateau encamping soldiers and the effect of plateau de-acclimatization on their fatigue. Methods Three hundred soldiers encamped at the altitude of 4000 m were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group was de-acclimatized upon their return to the plains. Self-rating scales of work fatigue were used in both groups 10 d before departure for the plateau,10 d、30 d、90 d、150 d after their arrival at the plateau and 3 d,15 d after their return to the plains,respectively. Results The plateau encamping soldiers had a reduced score from each factor of fatigue 30 d after therir arrival at the plateau compared with 10 d( P<0.05),especially in the scores of sleepiness,discomfort,and sensory fatigue( P<0.01). The score of these soldiers from each factor of fatigue was significantly decreased 90 d and 150 d after therir arrival at the plateau compared to 30 d( P<0.001). The experimental intervention group had improved indexes of fatigue 15 days after their return to the plains compared with 3 d( P<0.05),especially in emotional disturbance,discomfort and sensory fatigue( P < 0. 01). Conclusion With the extension of the plateau encamping time,the body can gradually adapt to the plateau. De-acclimatization measures can help alleviate the fatigue of soldiers after leaving the plateau,which can contribute to the resumption of the soldiers' ability to engage in military operations.
引文
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[7]樊璐璐,卢宁,白艳,等.心理保健操对某高原汽车部队军人慢性疲劳综合征的康复作用[J].解放军医药杂志,2016,28(8):104.
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[13]王引虎,周其全,牛文忠,等.高原脱习服症预防研究[J].西南国防医药,2013,23(12):1347.
[14]崔树珍,唐诗义,牛文忠,等.626例高原移居者返平原后脱适应症状调查(五)—症状的自愈情况[J].西南国防医药,2000,10(3):176.
[15]闫晓钒,孟旭阳,张巧,等.高原驻训官兵作业疲劳与心理应激、睡眠质量、焦虑的相关性[J].第三军医大学学报,2016,38(20):2244.
[16]徐莉,王阳,张超.高原任务部队官兵返回平原短期内血液指标水平调查研究[J].西南军医,2015,17(5):505.
[17]史润泽,徐莉,张昆龙.不同海拔高原不同官兵作业疲劳状态的调查研究[J].中华保健医学杂志,2014,16(3):184.
[18]王旭萍.高压氧治疗海拔5000 m以上地区移居人群脱习服的临床疗效观察[J].高原医学杂志,2013,23(1):39.
[2]陈建武,毕春波,廖海江,等.作业疲劳测量方法对比研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(5):63.
[3]WADA K,MIZUGUCHI Y,AADA Y,et al.Hyperlipidamia lack of sleep and smoking as risk factor for proteinuria among high altitude mountain trekkers[J].Nephrology,2006,11(2):131.
[4]李素芝.高原缺氧高度相关疾病及对高原病新分型探讨[J].西南国防医药,2011,21(9):336.
[5]卢宁,廖成功,黄建国,等.多维疲劳量表在高原汽车军人慢性疲劳综合征中的应用[J].临床军医杂志,2015,43(1):47.
[6]卢宁,黄建国,徐晖,等.高原边防军人和汽车军人慢性疲劳综合征的比较研究[J].西北国防医学杂志,2015,36(1):15.
[7]樊璐璐,卢宁,白艳,等.心理保健操对某高原汽车部队军人慢性疲劳综合征的康复作用[J].解放军医药杂志,2016,28(8):104.
[8]韦红梅,徐辉,赵欣华,等.不同措施对高原边防军人慢性疲劳综合征疗效的比较[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2015,33(6):622.
[9]高钰棋.高原病理生理学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006:115-116.
[10]高钰棋.高原军事医学[M].重庆:重庆出版社,2005:85-86.
[11]PADDISON J S,BOOTH R J,HILL A G,et al.Comprehensive assessment of peri-operative fatigue:development of the Identity-Consequence Fatigue Scale[J].J Psychosom Res,2006,60(6):615.
[12]刘静,阳盛洪,冯英凯,等.高原部队官兵健康体检策略现状与思考[J].重庆医学,2012,41(3):306.
[13]王引虎,周其全,牛文忠,等.高原脱习服症预防研究[J].西南国防医药,2013,23(12):1347.
[14]崔树珍,唐诗义,牛文忠,等.626例高原移居者返平原后脱适应症状调查(五)—症状的自愈情况[J].西南国防医药,2000,10(3):176.
[15]闫晓钒,孟旭阳,张巧,等.高原驻训官兵作业疲劳与心理应激、睡眠质量、焦虑的相关性[J].第三军医大学学报,2016,38(20):2244.
[16]徐莉,王阳,张超.高原任务部队官兵返回平原短期内血液指标水平调查研究[J].西南军医,2015,17(5):505.
[17]史润泽,徐莉,张昆龙.不同海拔高原不同官兵作业疲劳状态的调查研究[J].中华保健医学杂志,2014,16(3):184.
[18]王旭萍.高压氧治疗海拔5000 m以上地区移居人群脱习服的临床疗效观察[J].高原医学杂志,2013,23(1):39.