广东省河源断裂带碳酸泉水化学特征及形成机制
|
摘要
为了解广东省河源断裂带碳酸泉的形成机理,全面认识碳酸泉形成过程,为碳酸泉的开发与管理提供科学依据,在河源断裂带地区采集了5组碳酸泉样品及18组非碳酸泉样品,开展了水化学特征分析及δD、δ~(18)O、~(14)C、δ~(13)C和~3He/~4He多种同位素分析。结果表明,碳酸泉主要水化学类型为Na-Ca-HCO_3型。δD、δ~(18)O同位素分别介于-43.32‰~-41.72‰和-7.06‰~-6.55‰,位于大气降水线附近,表明其补给来源于大气降水,补给高程在1 000~1 300 m。通过~(14)C法测年及修正后的δ~(13)C年龄校正模型计算得到碳酸泉的年龄在21~26 ka。碳酸泉点δ~(13)C的变化范围在-1‰~2‰之间,R/Ra(样品~3He/~4He与大气~3He/~4He之比)比值介于0~2.5,表明河源断裂带碳酸泉中的CO_2为幔源与变质混合成因,并以变质作用为主。
In order to understand the formation mechanisms of carbonated springs along Heyuan fault zone,Guangdong Province,comprehensively figure out their formation processes,and provide basic knowleges for their development and management,five groups of carbonated water samples and 18 groups non-carbonated water samples were collected along the Heyuan fault zone,Guangdong Province,and their hydrochemical characteristics,δD,δ~(18)O,~(14)C,δ~(13)C and~3He/~4He isotopes were analyzed.The results showed that Na-Ca-HCO_3is the main water chemistry type for the carbonated spring,andδD andδ~(18)O isotopes are between-43.32‰~-41.72‰and-7.06‰~-6.55‰,respectively.All the dots of groundwater smaples are located close to the atmospheric precipitation line,indicating that carbonated springs receive atmospheric precipitation recharging,and recharge elevation is between 1 000 m~1 300m.The age of carbonated spring is calculated at 21~26 ka through the~(14)C method dating and the revisedδ~(13)C age correction model.The range of δ~(13)C of carbonated springs is between-1‰and 2‰,with the R/Ra(the ratio of~3He/~4He in samples to~3He/~4He in atmosphere)ratio between 0 and 2.5,which indicates that CO_2 gas in carbonated springs in the Heyuan fault zone is the source of mixing between mantle source and metamorphism,and is mainly based on metamorphism.
In order to understand the formation mechanisms of carbonated springs along Heyuan fault zone,Guangdong Province,comprehensively figure out their formation processes,and provide basic knowleges for their development and management,five groups of carbonated water samples and 18 groups non-carbonated water samples were collected along the Heyuan fault zone,Guangdong Province,and their hydrochemical characteristics,δD,δ~(18)O,~(14)C,δ~(13)C and~3He/~4He isotopes were analyzed.The results showed that Na-Ca-HCO_3is the main water chemistry type for the carbonated spring,andδD andδ~(18)O isotopes are between-43.32‰~-41.72‰and-7.06‰~-6.55‰,respectively.All the dots of groundwater smaples are located close to the atmospheric precipitation line,indicating that carbonated springs receive atmospheric precipitation recharging,and recharge elevation is between 1 000 m~1 300m.The age of carbonated spring is calculated at 21~26 ka through the~(14)C method dating and the revisedδ~(13)C age correction model.The range of δ~(13)C of carbonated springs is between-1‰and 2‰,with the R/Ra(the ratio of~3He/~4He in samples to~3He/~4He in atmosphere)ratio between 0 and 2.5,which indicates that CO_2 gas in carbonated springs in the Heyuan fault zone is the source of mixing between mantle source and metamorphism,and is mainly based on metamorphism.
引文
[1]李奇.我国珍贵碳酸矿水分布规律及其价值[J].四川地质学报,1998,18(2):144-151.LI Q. Distribution and value of valuable carbon dioxide water resources of China[J]. Acta Geologica Si Chuan,1998,18(2):144-151.
[2]王明志,曲福来.矿泉医疗与保健[M].沈阳:华龄出版社,1991.WANG M Z,QU F L. Mineral spring medical treatment and health care[M]. Shenyang:Hualing Press,1991.
[3] BARNES I,IRWIN W P,WHITE D E. Global distribution of carbon dioxide discharges and major zones of seismicity[M]. U. S. Geological Survey,1978.
[4]石慧馨.中国碳酸水出露带分布特征简介[J].地震地质,1979,1(2):86-93.SHI H X. A note on carbon-dioxide discharging zones and their seismicities in China[J]. Seismology and Geology,1979,1(2):86-93.
[5]李富光.碳酸水与龙南地震[J].华南地震,1983,3(1):30-33.LI F G. Carbonated water and Longnan earthquake[J].South China Journal of Seismology,1983,3(1):30-33.
[6]龙绍都.碳酸泉形成条件及其利用价值[J].水文地质工程地质,1988(4):60-62.LONG S D. Formation conditions and utilization value of carbonated springs[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,1988(4):60-62.
[7]张卫民,王焰新,孙占学.赣南横迳地区碳酸温泉CO2成因研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2005(6):6-9.ZHANG W M,WANG Y X,SUN Z X. A study of the CO2genisis of the carbonated hot springs in Hengjing,southern Jiangxi[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2005(6):6-9.
[8] JON C,ANA M A,ALVARO R,et al. Origin and palaeo-environmental significance of the Berrazales carbonate spring deposit, North of Gran Canaria Island,Spain[J]. Sedimentary Geology,2014,208:32-43.
[9]韩麒智,徐莉.碳酸泉在康复疗养中的应用进展[J].中国疗养医学,2015,24(10):1035-1038.HAN L Z,XU L. The application and progress of carbonated springs in rehabilitation and recuperation[J]. Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine,2015,24(10):1035-1038.
[10] VESPER D J,EDENBORN H M,BILLINGS A A,et al. A field-based method for determination of dissolved inorganic carbon in water based on CO2and carbonate equilibria[J]. Water Air Soil Pollut,2015,226:28.
[11]卓勇,吴勇,孙为奕,等.贵州威宁草海地区地下水化学特征与控制因素研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(8):59-65.ZHUO Y,WU Y,SUN W Y,et al. Hydrochemistry characteristic and the control factor of groundwater of Caohai area in Weining county,Guizhou Province[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(8):59-65.
[12]朱秉启,杨小平.塔克拉玛干沙漠天然水体的化学特征及其成因[J].科学通报,2007,52(13):1561-1566.ZHU B Q,YANG X P. Chemical characteristics and origin of natural waters in Taklimakan Desert[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(13):1561-1566.
[13] GIBBS R J. Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry[J]. Science,1970,170:1088-1090.
[14]汪集旸,熊亮萍,庞忠和,等.中低温对流型地热系统[M].北京:科学出版社,1993.WANG J Y,XIONG L P,PANG Z H,et al. Medium and low temperature convective geothermal system[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993.
[15]王恒纯,等.同位素水文地质概论[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.WANG H C,et al. An introduction to the hydrogeology of isotopes[M]. Beijing:Geology Press,1991.
[16]于津生,等.中国同位素地球化学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.YU J S,et al. The study of isotopic geochemistry in China[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1997.
[17] CLARK I D, FRITZ P. Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology[M],Boca Raton,FL:CRC Press/Lewis Publishers,c1997.
[18]叶青.广东从化新温泉地热地质特征及地热资源评价[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2012.YE Q. Geothermal geological characteristics and geothermal resources evaluation of the new hot springs in Conghua,Guangdong[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2012.
[19]吴月,王乃昂,赵力强,等.巴丹吉林沙漠诺尔图湖泊水化学特征与补给来源[J].科学通报,2014,59(12):1140-1147.WU Y,WANG N A,ZHAO L Q,et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and recharge sources of Noto Lake in the Badain Jaran Desert[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2014,59(12):1140-1147.
[20]顾慰祖,庞忠和,王全九,等.同位素水文学[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.GU W Z,PANG Z H,WANG Q J,et al. Isotopic hydrology[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[21]林晓波,姜月华,汤朝阳.放射性碳同位素在水文地质中的应用进展[J].地下水,2006,28(3):30-35.LIN X B,JIANG Y H,TANG C Y. Application and progress of radio carbon isotopes in the hydrogeology study[J]. Ground Water,2006,28(3):30-35.
[22] VOGEL J C. Carbon 14 dating of groundwater,isotope hydrology[J]. Vienna:IAEA,1970:225-239.
[23] PEARSON F J. Use of C-13/C-12 ratios to correct radiocarbon ages of material initially diluted by limestone[C]∥Proceedings of the 6thinternational conference on radiocarbon and tritium dating. Pulman,WA,1965.
[24] TARMERS M A. Radiocarbon ages of groundwater in an arid zone unconfined aquifer[J]. Geophysical Monograph Series,1967,11:143-152.
[25] GONFIANTINI R. Carbon isotope exchange in karst groundwater[C]∥Proceeding of IAHS-AISH Publication:Karst hydrogeology and karst environment protection. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1988:832-837.
[26] CERON J C,MARTIN-VALLEJO M,GARCIA-ROSSELL L. CO2-rich thermomineral groundwater in the Betic Cordilleras,southeastern Spain:Genesis and tectonic implications[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 2000(8):209-217.
[27]金振奎,白武厚,张响响.黄骅坳陷二氧化碳气成因类型及分布规律[J].地质科学,2003,38(3):413-424.JIN Z K,BAI W H,ZHANG X X. Genetic types and distribution of carbon dioxide in the Huanghua depression[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology,2003,38(3):413-424.
[28]马瑞.碳酸盐岩热储隐伏型中低温热水的成因与水-岩相互作用研究:以山西太原为例[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2007.MA R. Water-rock interaction and genesis of low-medium temperature thermal groundwater in carbonate reservoir:a case study at Taiyuan,Shanxi[D]. Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2007.
[2]王明志,曲福来.矿泉医疗与保健[M].沈阳:华龄出版社,1991.WANG M Z,QU F L. Mineral spring medical treatment and health care[M]. Shenyang:Hualing Press,1991.
[3] BARNES I,IRWIN W P,WHITE D E. Global distribution of carbon dioxide discharges and major zones of seismicity[M]. U. S. Geological Survey,1978.
[4]石慧馨.中国碳酸水出露带分布特征简介[J].地震地质,1979,1(2):86-93.SHI H X. A note on carbon-dioxide discharging zones and their seismicities in China[J]. Seismology and Geology,1979,1(2):86-93.
[5]李富光.碳酸水与龙南地震[J].华南地震,1983,3(1):30-33.LI F G. Carbonated water and Longnan earthquake[J].South China Journal of Seismology,1983,3(1):30-33.
[6]龙绍都.碳酸泉形成条件及其利用价值[J].水文地质工程地质,1988(4):60-62.LONG S D. Formation conditions and utilization value of carbonated springs[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,1988(4):60-62.
[7]张卫民,王焰新,孙占学.赣南横迳地区碳酸温泉CO2成因研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2005(6):6-9.ZHANG W M,WANG Y X,SUN Z X. A study of the CO2genisis of the carbonated hot springs in Hengjing,southern Jiangxi[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2005(6):6-9.
[8] JON C,ANA M A,ALVARO R,et al. Origin and palaeo-environmental significance of the Berrazales carbonate spring deposit, North of Gran Canaria Island,Spain[J]. Sedimentary Geology,2014,208:32-43.
[9]韩麒智,徐莉.碳酸泉在康复疗养中的应用进展[J].中国疗养医学,2015,24(10):1035-1038.HAN L Z,XU L. The application and progress of carbonated springs in rehabilitation and recuperation[J]. Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine,2015,24(10):1035-1038.
[10] VESPER D J,EDENBORN H M,BILLINGS A A,et al. A field-based method for determination of dissolved inorganic carbon in water based on CO2and carbonate equilibria[J]. Water Air Soil Pollut,2015,226:28.
[11]卓勇,吴勇,孙为奕,等.贵州威宁草海地区地下水化学特征与控制因素研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(8):59-65.ZHUO Y,WU Y,SUN W Y,et al. Hydrochemistry characteristic and the control factor of groundwater of Caohai area in Weining county,Guizhou Province[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(8):59-65.
[12]朱秉启,杨小平.塔克拉玛干沙漠天然水体的化学特征及其成因[J].科学通报,2007,52(13):1561-1566.ZHU B Q,YANG X P. Chemical characteristics and origin of natural waters in Taklimakan Desert[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(13):1561-1566.
[13] GIBBS R J. Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry[J]. Science,1970,170:1088-1090.
[14]汪集旸,熊亮萍,庞忠和,等.中低温对流型地热系统[M].北京:科学出版社,1993.WANG J Y,XIONG L P,PANG Z H,et al. Medium and low temperature convective geothermal system[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993.
[15]王恒纯,等.同位素水文地质概论[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.WANG H C,et al. An introduction to the hydrogeology of isotopes[M]. Beijing:Geology Press,1991.
[16]于津生,等.中国同位素地球化学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.YU J S,et al. The study of isotopic geochemistry in China[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1997.
[17] CLARK I D, FRITZ P. Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology[M],Boca Raton,FL:CRC Press/Lewis Publishers,c1997.
[18]叶青.广东从化新温泉地热地质特征及地热资源评价[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2012.YE Q. Geothermal geological characteristics and geothermal resources evaluation of the new hot springs in Conghua,Guangdong[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2012.
[19]吴月,王乃昂,赵力强,等.巴丹吉林沙漠诺尔图湖泊水化学特征与补给来源[J].科学通报,2014,59(12):1140-1147.WU Y,WANG N A,ZHAO L Q,et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and recharge sources of Noto Lake in the Badain Jaran Desert[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2014,59(12):1140-1147.
[20]顾慰祖,庞忠和,王全九,等.同位素水文学[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.GU W Z,PANG Z H,WANG Q J,et al. Isotopic hydrology[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[21]林晓波,姜月华,汤朝阳.放射性碳同位素在水文地质中的应用进展[J].地下水,2006,28(3):30-35.LIN X B,JIANG Y H,TANG C Y. Application and progress of radio carbon isotopes in the hydrogeology study[J]. Ground Water,2006,28(3):30-35.
[22] VOGEL J C. Carbon 14 dating of groundwater,isotope hydrology[J]. Vienna:IAEA,1970:225-239.
[23] PEARSON F J. Use of C-13/C-12 ratios to correct radiocarbon ages of material initially diluted by limestone[C]∥Proceedings of the 6thinternational conference on radiocarbon and tritium dating. Pulman,WA,1965.
[24] TARMERS M A. Radiocarbon ages of groundwater in an arid zone unconfined aquifer[J]. Geophysical Monograph Series,1967,11:143-152.
[25] GONFIANTINI R. Carbon isotope exchange in karst groundwater[C]∥Proceeding of IAHS-AISH Publication:Karst hydrogeology and karst environment protection. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1988:832-837.
[26] CERON J C,MARTIN-VALLEJO M,GARCIA-ROSSELL L. CO2-rich thermomineral groundwater in the Betic Cordilleras,southeastern Spain:Genesis and tectonic implications[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 2000(8):209-217.
[27]金振奎,白武厚,张响响.黄骅坳陷二氧化碳气成因类型及分布规律[J].地质科学,2003,38(3):413-424.JIN Z K,BAI W H,ZHANG X X. Genetic types and distribution of carbon dioxide in the Huanghua depression[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology,2003,38(3):413-424.
[28]马瑞.碳酸盐岩热储隐伏型中低温热水的成因与水-岩相互作用研究:以山西太原为例[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2007.MA R. Water-rock interaction and genesis of low-medium temperature thermal groundwater in carbonate reservoir:a case study at Taiyuan,Shanxi[D]. Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2007.