川东南丁山地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气藏“六性”特征
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摘要
川东南丁山地区于晚奥陶世—早志留世发育一套富有机质泥页岩,已钻井资料揭示该区具有良好的页岩气勘探开发前景,但探井的试气效果具有较大差异。通过放射性元素测井、有机地球化学分析、岩心描述、全岩X射线衍射、扫描电镜分析、物性测试、现场含气性测试等方法,探究川东南丁山地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩的沉积环境,以及气藏的有机地化特性、含气性、岩性与矿物组分、脆性(可压裂性)、物性、非均质性(各向异性)等"六性"特征。研究结果表明:在放射性元素中,Th/U值小于7,V/Ni值大于1.0,V/(V+Ni)值大于0.56,表明为海相缺氧还原环境;岩性自上而下总体由灰黑色含粉砂质灰岩、泥岩递变为黑色缺氧富含碳质和笔石泥页岩,脆性矿物含量、总有机碳含量、镜质组反射率及含气量均呈递增趋势,页岩底部的岩石脆性指数大于50%,总有机碳含量大于2%,镜质组反射率大于2%,含气量大于3 m~3/t,有机质类型以Ⅰ型干酪根为主,总体处于高成熟晚期—过成熟产气阶段;无机质孔的孔隙度普遍小于有机质孔,不同地层条件下垂向渗透率远小于横向渗透率;缺氧闭塞的还原环境是有机质富集的基础,良好的保存条件是页岩气成藏的关键。
A set of organic-rich shale formation developed in the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian in Dingshan area,south-eastern Sichuan Basin. According to the drilled wells,it is revealed that this area has good shale gas exploration and devel-opment prospects. However,the exploration gas test results after fracturing in the exploratory wells differ significantly. The"six properties",known as the gas reservoir organic geochemistry,the gas-bearing property,the lithology and mineral com-position,the brittleness(fractability),the physical properties and the heterogeneity(anisotropy),and the sedimentary envi-ronment of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation were studied by means of radioactive elements logging,organic geochemistryanalysis,core description,whole rock X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,physical property test,field gas con-tent test,etc. The results show that the shale sedimentary environment of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation is marine anoxic re-duction environment,based on the results of radioactive elements(Th/U<7,V/Ni>1.0 and V/(V+Ni)>0.56). From the topto the bottom,the shale lithology changes from gray black silty limestone and clay to black anoxic shale that is rich in carbo-naceous and graptolite,accompanied with an increasing trend in brittle mineral content,TOC,Roand gas content. At thebottom of the target shale layer,the brittleness index is higher than 50%;the TOC is larger than 2%;the Rois higher than 2%,the gas content is more than 3 m~3/t;and the organic matter type is mainly type I kerogen,which is generally in the latemature stage and the post mature stage. The porosity of inorganic matter is generally smaller than that of organic matter,andthe vertical permeability is much smaller than the horizontal permeability in different formation conditions. An anoxic andocclusive reduction environment is the basis for the enrichment of organic matter. A good preservation condition is the keyto shale gas accumulation.
A set of organic-rich shale formation developed in the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian in Dingshan area,south-eastern Sichuan Basin. According to the drilled wells,it is revealed that this area has good shale gas exploration and devel-opment prospects. However,the exploration gas test results after fracturing in the exploratory wells differ significantly. The"six properties",known as the gas reservoir organic geochemistry,the gas-bearing property,the lithology and mineral com-position,the brittleness(fractability),the physical properties and the heterogeneity(anisotropy),and the sedimentary envi-ronment of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation were studied by means of radioactive elements logging,organic geochemistryanalysis,core description,whole rock X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,physical property test,field gas con-tent test,etc. The results show that the shale sedimentary environment of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation is marine anoxic re-duction environment,based on the results of radioactive elements(Th/U<7,V/Ni>1.0 and V/(V+Ni)>0.56). From the topto the bottom,the shale lithology changes from gray black silty limestone and clay to black anoxic shale that is rich in carbo-naceous and graptolite,accompanied with an increasing trend in brittle mineral content,TOC,Roand gas content. At thebottom of the target shale layer,the brittleness index is higher than 50%;the TOC is larger than 2%;the Rois higher than 2%,the gas content is more than 3 m~3/t;and the organic matter type is mainly type I kerogen,which is generally in the latemature stage and the post mature stage. The porosity of inorganic matter is generally smaller than that of organic matter,andthe vertical permeability is much smaller than the horizontal permeability in different formation conditions. An anoxic andocclusive reduction environment is the basis for the enrichment of organic matter. A good preservation condition is the keyto shale gas accumulation.
引文
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