江汉盆地潜江凹陷潜三段盐韵律层页岩油富集机理
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摘要
针对潜江组页岩油富集机理方面的研究较为欠缺.利用岩心图像、岩石热解、镜质体反射率、生物标志化合物、干酪根显微组分鉴定、岩石物性、测井及XPT压力试井等资料对韵律层的烃源岩品质、储集性能以及保存条件进行了综合分析.从王场背斜过渡至蚌湖向斜南斜坡,韵律层干酪根类型均以Ⅰ-Ⅱ_1型为主,镜质体反射率介于0.51%～0.80%.王场背斜韵律层内岩石与底部盐岩内的夹层白云质泥岩间的C_(29)甾烷成熟度指标存在明显差异,指示存在运移油.储集岩孔隙度介于7.8%～26.3%.韵律层顶底盐岩厚度大(>6m)且横向分布稳定,沉积-埋藏期并未发生严重破裂.在保存条件及储集能力优越的基础上,同层深部运移供烃是构造高部位韵律层中页岩油富集的重要因素,而原地生烃滞留则控制着构造低部位页岩油的富集.
Research on the shale oil enrichment mechanism of Qianjiang Formation is lacking.The data of core image,rock pyrolysis,vitrinite reflectance,biomarkers,maceral composition,rock petrophysics,well logging,and XPT well test were used to analyze the quality of source rock,reservoir property,and preservation condition in this study.The kerogens are predominantly typeⅠ-Ⅱ_1.The vitrinite reflectance ranges from 0.51% to 0.80%.The maturity indicators of C_(29) sterane in the rocks from the 1th cyclotherm in the Wangchang are obviously different from that of the underlying halite,which indicates that there are migrated oil.The porosity of the reservoir ranges from 7.8% to 26.3%.The halite layers are thick enough(>6 m)and stable throughout the area distribution;moreover,they did not break during the stage of deposition and burial.With the excellent preservation condition and storage capacity,the hydrocarbon generated from the deeper source rocks within the 10th cyclotherm controlled the shale oil enrichment in higher structural position,while hydrocarbon generated in-situ dominated in the lower structural position.
Research on the shale oil enrichment mechanism of Qianjiang Formation is lacking.The data of core image,rock pyrolysis,vitrinite reflectance,biomarkers,maceral composition,rock petrophysics,well logging,and XPT well test were used to analyze the quality of source rock,reservoir property,and preservation condition in this study.The kerogens are predominantly typeⅠ-Ⅱ_1.The vitrinite reflectance ranges from 0.51% to 0.80%.The maturity indicators of C_(29) sterane in the rocks from the 1th cyclotherm in the Wangchang are obviously different from that of the underlying halite,which indicates that there are migrated oil.The porosity of the reservoir ranges from 7.8% to 26.3%.The halite layers are thick enough(>6 m)and stable throughout the area distribution;moreover,they did not break during the stage of deposition and burial.With the excellent preservation condition and storage capacity,the hydrocarbon generated from the deeper source rocks within the 10th cyclotherm controlled the shale oil enrichment in higher structural position,while hydrocarbon generated in-situ dominated in the lower structural position.
引文
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Cobbold,P.R.,Zanella,A.,Rodrigues,N.,et al.,2013.Bedding-Parallel Fibrous Veins(Beef and Cone-inCone):Worldwide Occurrence and Possible Significance in Terms of Fluid Overpressure,Hydrocarbon Generation and Mineralization.Marine and Petroleum Geology,43:1-20.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.01.010
Downey,M.W.,1984.Evaluating Seals for Hydrocarbon Accumulations.AAPG Bulletin,68(11):1752-1763.
Fang,Z.X.,Chen,K.Y.,Chen,F.L.,et al.,2006.The Filling Models of Jianghan Salt Lake Basin.Petroleum Industry Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
Hou,Y.G.,Wang,F.R.,He,S.,et al.,2017.Properties and Shale Oil Potential of Saline Lacustrine Shales in the Qianjiang Depression,Jianghan Basin,China.Marine and Petroleum Geology,86:1173-1190.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.07.008
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Jiang,S.,Tang,X.L.,Osborne,S.,et al.,2017.Enrichment Factors and Current Misunderstanding of Shale Oil and Gas:Case Study of Shales in U.S.,Argentina and China.Earth Science,42(7):1083-1091(in Chinese with English abstract).https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2017.087
King,R.R.,Smith,T.R.,Jarvie,D.,et al.,2015.Addressing the Caveats of Source Rock Pyrolysis in the Unconventional World:Modified Methods and Interpretative Ideas.In:Unconventional Resources Technology Conference.Unconventional Resources Technology Conference,San Antonio.
Lewis,S.,Holness,M.,1996.Equilibrium Halite-H2O Dihedral Angles:High Rock-Salt Permeability in the Shallow Crust?Geology,24(5):431-434.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0431:ehhoda>2.3.co;2
Li,M.W.,Chen,Z.H.,Cao,T.T.,et al.,2018.Expelled Oils and Their Impacts on Rock-Eval Data Interpretation,E-ocene Qianjiang Formation in Jianghan Basin,China.International Journal of Coal Geology,191:37-48.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2018.03.001
Li,Z.M.,Zheng,L.J.,Jiang,Q.G.,et al.,2018.Simulation of Hydrocarbon Generation and Expulsion for Lacustrine Organic-Rich Argillaceous Dolomite and Its Implications for Shale Oil Exploration.Earth Science,43(2):566-576(in Chinese with English abstract).https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2018.024
Liu,B.,Chi,Y.A.,Huang,Z.L.,et al.,2013.Migration Mechanism of the Permian Hydrocarbon and Shale Oil Accumulation in Malang Sag,the Santanghu Basin.Oil&Gas Geology,34(6):725-730(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,B.,Lü,Y.F.,Zhao,R.,et al.,2012.Formation Overpressure and Shale Oil Enrichment in the Shale System of Lucaogou Formation,Malang Sag,Santanghu Basin,NW China.Petroleum Exploration and Development,39(6):699-705(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,B.,Shi,J.X.,Fu,X.F.,et al.,2018.Petrological Characteristics and Shale Oil Enrichment of Lacustrine FineGrained Sedimentary System:A Case Study of OrganicRich Shale in First Member of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Gulong Sag,Songliao Basin,NE China.Petroleum Exploration and Development,45(5):828-838(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,Z.,Shao,X.J.,Jin,B.,et al.,2007.Co-Effect of Depth and Burial Time on the Evolution of Porosity for Classic Rocks during the Stage of Compaction.Geoscience,21(1):125-132(in Chinese with English abstract).
Magara,K.,1980.Comparison of Porosity-Depth Relationships of Shale and Sandstone.Journal of Petroleum Geology,3(2):175-185.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1980.tb00981.x
Peach,C.J.,Spiers,C.J.,1996.Influence of Crystal Plastic Deformation on Dilatancy and Permeability Development in Synthetic Salt Rock.Tectonophysics,256(1-4):101-128.https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(95)00170-0
Peters,K.E.,Cassa,M.R.,1994.Applied Source Rock Geochemistry.In:Magoon,L.B.,Dow,W.G.,eds.,The Petroleum System-From Source to Trap.American Association of Petroleum Geologists,Tulsa.
Pitman,J.K.,Price,L.C.,Lefever,J.A.,2001.Diagenesis and Fracture Development in the Bakken Formation,Williston Basin:Implications for Reservoir Quality in the Middle Member.In:U.S.Geological Survey Professional Paper.U.S.Department of the Interior&U.S.Geological Survey,Denver.
Rafatian,N.,Capsan,J.,2015.Petrophysical Characterization of the Pore Space in Permian Wolfcamp Rocks.Petrophysics,56(1):45-57.
Rodrigues,N.,Cobbold,P.R.,Loseth,H.,et al.,2009.Widespread Bedding-Parallel Veins of Fibrous Calcite(‘Beef’)in a Mature Source Rock(Vaca Muerta Fm.,Neuquén Basin,Argentina):Evidence for Overpressure and Horizontal Compression.Journal of the Geological Society,166(4):695-709.https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492008-111
Schoenherr,J.,Urai,J.L.,Kukla,P.A.,et al.,2007.Limits to the Sealing Capacity of Rock Salt:A Case Study of the Infra-Cambrian Ara Salt from the South Oman Salt Basin.AAPG Bulletin,91(11):1541-1557.https://doi.org/10.1306/06200706122
Sondhi,N.,2011.Petrophysical Characterization of Eagle Ford Shale(Dissertation).University of Oklahoma,Norman.
Wang,D.F.,Wang,S.Z.,1998.Geology of Saline Lacustrine Facies Oilfield.Petroleum Industry Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
Wang,F.R.,He,S.,Zheng,Y.H.,et al.,2016.Mineral Composition and Brittleness Characteristics of the Inter-Salt Shale Oil Reservoirs in the Qianjiang Formation,Qianjiang Sag.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,38(2):211-218(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,G.L.,Yang,Y.Q.,Zhang,Y.S.,et al.,2004.Sedimentary Microfacies and Evolution of the Qianjiang Formation of Paleogene at Wangchang Area in Qianjiang Sag,Jianghan Basin.Journal of Palaeogeography,6(2):140-150(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,M.,Chen,X.,Yan,Y.X.,et al.,2013.Geological Characteristics and Evaluation of Continental Shale Oil in Biyang Sag of Nanxiang Basin.Journal of Palaeogeography,15(5):663-671(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,Z.X.,Zheng,Y.H.,Chen,F.L.,et al.,2018.Biomarker Geochemistry of Eq34-10Cyclothem Shale in Qianjiang Depression of the Jianghan Salt Lake Facies Basin.Petroleum Science and Technology,36(2):148-153.https://doi.org/10.1080/10916466.2017.1411947
Warren,J.K.,2016.Evaporite.Springer Verlag Berlin.
Warren,J.K.,2017.Salt Usually Seals,but sometimes Leaks:Implications for Mine and Cavern Stabilities in the Short and Long Term.Earth-Science Reviews,165:302-341.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.11.008
Wu,S.Q.,Tang,X.S.,Du,X.J.,et al.,2013.Geologic Characteristics of Continental Shale Oil in the Qianjiang Depression,Jianghan Salt Lake Basin.Journal of East China Institute of Technology(Natural Science),36(3):282-286(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiong,Z.Y.,Wu,S.Q.,Wang,Y.,et al.,2015.Geological Characteristics and Practice for Intersalt Argillaceous Dolomites Reservoir in the Qianjiang Depression of Jianghan Salt Lake Basin.Geological Science and Technology Information,34(2):181-187(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,L.L.,Lu,Z.Y.,Wang,J.,et al.,2016.Microscopic Pore Structure of Shale Oil Reservoirs in the Lower 3rd Member of Shahejie Formation in Zhanhua Sag,Bohai Bay Basin.Oil&Gas Geology,37(1):80-86(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,S.,Chen,S.Y.,Yan,J.H.,et al.,2015.Characteristics of Shale Lithofacies and Reservoir Space in the 3rd and4th Members of Shahejie Formation,the West of Dongying Sag.Natural Gas Geoscience,26(2):320-332(in Chinese with English abstract).
曹庆英,1985.透射光下干酪根显微组分鉴定及类型划分.石油勘探与开发,12(5):14-23,81-88.
方志雄,陈开远,陈凤玲,等,2006.江汉盆地盐湖沉积充填模式.北京:石油工业出版社.
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