尼龙网在油水分离技术中的应用研究
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摘要
工业生产和日常生活中产生的含油废水处理是环境保护面临的一大挑战,海上原油泄漏造成的大规模海洋污染对生态系统造成了长期的破坏。通过测试不同层数和不同目数的原始尼龙网对油水混合物的分离效果,发现单层500目和2层400目的尼龙网均具有稳定的油水分离功能,即单层密集的尼龙网孔或2层稀疏的尼龙网孔均具有稳定的油水分离功能,并进一步利用尼龙网实现了对生活污水中油污的去除和海上浮油的吸收。最后深入分析了尼龙网具有油水分离功能的原理,揭示出尼龙网丝线表面的水膜对油的支承作用和油膜本身的表面张力是油水分离功能的核心原理。首次利用未经加工修饰的尼龙网实现油水分离功能,对油水分离技术的深入研究和油水分离装置的优化设计具有很好的借鉴意义。
The treatment of oily wastewater produced in industrial production and daily life was a big challenge for the environmental protection.The large-scale marine pollution caused by the leakage of crude oil resulted in long-term damage to the ecosystem.the separation effects of oil-water mixture in domestic sewage and crude oil floating on the sea were detected by using the original nylon-mesh with different layers and different mesh density,single layer with 500 and two layer with400 both had stable oil-water separation effect,it was gotten that single layer dense nylon-mesh or two layers of sparse nylon-mesh could realize stable oil-water separation,and realized elimination of waste water and absorption of floating oil.At last,deeply analyzed the principle of nylon-mesh worked in oil-water separation.Further research revealed that the water film on the surface of the nylon-mesh and the surface tension of the oil itself was the core mechanism of the oil/water separation function.For the first time,it was used that the unmodified market materials to realize oil-water separation,which had agood reference for the in-depth study of oil-water separation technology and the optimization design of oil-water separation device.
The treatment of oily wastewater produced in industrial production and daily life was a big challenge for the environmental protection.The large-scale marine pollution caused by the leakage of crude oil resulted in long-term damage to the ecosystem.the separation effects of oil-water mixture in domestic sewage and crude oil floating on the sea were detected by using the original nylon-mesh with different layers and different mesh density,single layer with 500 and two layer with400 both had stable oil-water separation effect,it was gotten that single layer dense nylon-mesh or two layers of sparse nylon-mesh could realize stable oil-water separation,and realized elimination of waste water and absorption of floating oil.At last,deeply analyzed the principle of nylon-mesh worked in oil-water separation.Further research revealed that the water film on the surface of the nylon-mesh and the surface tension of the oil itself was the core mechanism of the oil/water separation function.For the first time,it was used that the unmodified market materials to realize oil-water separation,which had agood reference for the in-depth study of oil-water separation technology and the optimization design of oil-water separation device.
引文
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[3]Zhang L,Zhong Y,Cha D,et al.A self-cleaning underwater superoleophobic mesh for oil-water separation[J].Scientific Reports,2013,3:2326.
[4]Wang B,Liang W,Guo Z,et al.Biomimetic super-lyophobic and super-lyophilic materials applied for oil/water separation:a new strategy beyond nature[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2015,44(1):336-361.
[5]Li J,Xu C,Guo C,et al.Underoil superhydrophilic desert sand layer for efficient gravity-directed water-in-oil emulsions separation with high flux[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2018,6(1):223-230.
[6]Kota A K,Kwon G,Choi W,et al.Hygro-responsive membranes for effective oil-water separation[J].Nature Communications,2012,3:1025.
[7]Li S,Huang J,Chen Z,et al.A review on special wettability textiles:theoretical models,fabrication technologies and multifunctional applications[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2017,5(1):31-55.
[8]周聪,陈硕,朱卫桃,等.超疏水滤纸的制备与应用[J].应用化学,2011,29(3):297-303.
[9]张光蕾,王祥荣,王晨欢,等.纳/微米纤维膜的吸油性及油水分离效果[J].纺织学报,2014,35(9):7-0.
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[11]Li K,Ju J,Xue Z,et al.Structured cone arrays for continuous and effective collection of micron-sized oil droplets from water[J].Nature Communications,2013,4:2276.