激光选区熔化成形注塑模具钢AISI 420与S136的组织及力学性能研究
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摘要
采用激光选区熔化(SLM)技术分别成形注塑模具钢AISI 420和S136,对两种钢的相组成、微观组织、显微硬度、抗拉强度和摩擦磨损性进行了研究。结果表明:SLM成形AISI 420比S136具有更高的强度和伸长率,其强度和伸长率分别为:1234.13 MPa、14.63%,642.89 MPa、9.76%;得益于S136较高的C含量,在激光加工的快速冷却作用下S136比AISI 420更易产生马氏体,因此拥有更高的硬度和较低的磨损率,S136和AISI 420的硬度和磨损率分别为589 HV3、3.2803×10~(-5)mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1),493.78 HV3、4.1239×10~(-5)mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1)。
Injection mould steels AISI 420 and S136 were formed by selective laser melting(SLM) technique. The phase composition, microstructure, microhardness, tensile strength and wear resistance of the above steels were investigated. The results show that the SLM-processed AISI 420 samples achieve higher tensile strength and elongation than those of the S136 samples. The tensile strength and elongation of the SLM-processed AISI 420 and S136 is 1234.13 MPa, 14.63% and 642.89 MPa, 9.76%, respectively.Owing to higher C content of S136, the martensitic transformation is more easily introduced in S136 samples under laser-induced large solidification rate compared with AISI 420 samples, so higher hardness and lower wear rate can be obtained. The microhardness and wear rate of the SLM-processed S136 and AISI 420 samples are 589 HV3,3.2803×10~(-5) mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1) and 493.78 HV3,4.1239×10~(-5) mm3~·N~(-1)·m~(-1), respectively.
Injection mould steels AISI 420 and S136 were formed by selective laser melting(SLM) technique. The phase composition, microstructure, microhardness, tensile strength and wear resistance of the above steels were investigated. The results show that the SLM-processed AISI 420 samples achieve higher tensile strength and elongation than those of the S136 samples. The tensile strength and elongation of the SLM-processed AISI 420 and S136 is 1234.13 MPa, 14.63% and 642.89 MPa, 9.76%, respectively.Owing to higher C content of S136, the martensitic transformation is more easily introduced in S136 samples under laser-induced large solidification rate compared with AISI 420 samples, so higher hardness and lower wear rate can be obtained. The microhardness and wear rate of the SLM-processed S136 and AISI 420 samples are 589 HV3,3.2803×10~(-5) mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1) and 493.78 HV3,4.1239×10~(-5) mm3~·N~(-1)·m~(-1), respectively.
引文
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[3]Lewis G K,Schlienger E.Practical considerations and capabilities for laser assisted direct metal deposition[J].Materials&Design,2000,21(4):417-423.
[4]Zhang S,Wei Q S,Cheng L Y,et al.Effects of scan line spacing on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of porous Ti6Al4V implants fabricated by selective laser melting[J].Materials&Design,2014,63:185-193.
[5]Zhao X,Song B,Zhang Y,et al.Decarburization of stainless steel during selective laser melting and its influence on Young's modulus,hardness and tensile strength[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2015,647:58-61.
[6]Holzweissig M J,Taube A,Brenne F,et al.Microstructural characterization and mechanical performance of hot work tool steel processed by selective laser melting[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2015,46(2):545-549.
[7]周隐玉,王飞,薛春.3D打印18Ni300模具钢的显微组织及力学性能[J].理化检验-物理分册,2016,52(4):243-246.
[8]陈洪宇,顾冬冬,顾荣海,等.5CrNi4Mo模具钢选区激光熔化增材制造组织演变及力学性能研究[J].中国激光,2016,43(2):60-67.
[9]左倩,刘剑,兰乔,等.塑料模具钢S136与Fs136的退火/淬火组织及力学性能对比[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(12):93-99.
[10]崔忠圻,覃耀春.金属学与热处理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007:120-313.
[11]Sander J,Hufenbach J,Giebeler L,et al.Microstructure and properties of Fe Cr MoVC tool steel produced by selective laser melting[J].Materials&Design,2016,89:335-341.
[12]赵晓.激光选区熔化成形模具钢组织与性能演变基础研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.
[13]Song B,Dond S J,Deng S H,et al.Microstructure and tensile properties of iron parts fabricated by selective laser melting[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2014,56:451-460.
[14]潘晓华,朱祖昌.H13热作模具钢的化学成分及其改进和发展的研究[J].模具制造,2006(4):78-85.
[15]詹武,闫爱淑,丁晨旭,等.金属摩擦磨损机理剖析[J].天津理工大学学报,2001,17(z1):19-22.
[16]Jain A,Basu B,Kumar B V M,et al.Grain size-wear rate relationship for titanium in liquid nitrogen environment[J].Acta Materialia,2010,58(7):2313-2323.