德州市德城区2015—2016学年中小学生常见病及营养状况调查分析
|
摘要
目的了解德州市德城区中小学生健康状况,为开展学校常见病防治工作提供科学依据。方法选取2015—2016学年德城区42所中小学校54 401名学生进行健康体检,对健康体检结果进行统计分析。结果德城区中小学生健康状况总体良好,形态发育正常;常见病检出率依次是视力不良(51.51%)、龋齿(25.48%)、肥胖(17.08%)、超重(16.00%)、沙眼(6.13%)和营养不良(3.17%);小学生生长迟缓、肥胖、龋齿和沙眼检出率高于中学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中学生视力不良、消瘦和超重检出率高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。城区学生超重、肥胖、视力不良和龋齿检出率高于乡镇学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);乡镇学生生长迟缓、消瘦和沙眼检出率高于城区学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男生超重、肥胖和沙眼检出率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女生视力不良、龋齿检出率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论德城区中小学生生长发育趋势良好,但仍有改善空间。视力不良、龋齿和肥胖等情况较为严重,应进一步加强学生常见病防治工作。
OBJECTIVE To understand the nutritional status of students in Decheng District of Duzhou, and provide scientific basis forprevention and treatment of common diseases in students. METHODS The health examination was conducted in 54 401 students of 42 primary and secondary schools in Decheng District. Health examination of primary and secondary school students were statistical ana-lyzed.RESULTS In generally,the students in Decheng District were in good health and their morphological development was in nor-mal.The prevalence of common disease were listed as follows: low vision(51.51%), dental caries(25.48%), obesity(17.08%), over-weight(16.00%), trachoma(6.13%) and malnutrition(3.17%). The rates of growth retardation, obesity, dental caries and trachoma in pri-mary school students were significantly higher than those in secondary schools(P<0.05), and the rates of low vision, weight loss sta-tus, overweight in secondary school students were significantly higher than those in primary schools(P<0.05). The rates of overweight,obesity, low vision and dental caries in rural students were significantly higher than those in urban students(P<0.05), and the rates ofgrowth retardation, growth retardation and trachoma in urban students in urban students were significantly higher than those in ruralstudents(P<0.05). The rates of overweight, obesity and trachoma in were significantly higher than those in females(P<0.05), and therates of low vision, trachoma in females were significantly higher than males(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The tends of growth and devel-opment in the primary and middle school students of Decheng District were good,but there is still the further development space.The status of low vision and obesity were serious, and it was necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of common diseasesin students.
OBJECTIVE To understand the nutritional status of students in Decheng District of Duzhou, and provide scientific basis forprevention and treatment of common diseases in students. METHODS The health examination was conducted in 54 401 students of 42 primary and secondary schools in Decheng District. Health examination of primary and secondary school students were statistical ana-lyzed.RESULTS In generally,the students in Decheng District were in good health and their morphological development was in nor-mal.The prevalence of common disease were listed as follows: low vision(51.51%), dental caries(25.48%), obesity(17.08%), over-weight(16.00%), trachoma(6.13%) and malnutrition(3.17%). The rates of growth retardation, obesity, dental caries and trachoma in pri-mary school students were significantly higher than those in secondary schools(P<0.05), and the rates of low vision, weight loss sta-tus, overweight in secondary school students were significantly higher than those in primary schools(P<0.05). The rates of overweight,obesity, low vision and dental caries in rural students were significantly higher than those in urban students(P<0.05), and the rates ofgrowth retardation, growth retardation and trachoma in urban students in urban students were significantly higher than those in ruralstudents(P<0.05). The rates of overweight, obesity and trachoma in were significantly higher than those in females(P<0.05), and therates of low vision, trachoma in females were significantly higher than males(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The tends of growth and devel-opment in the primary and middle school students of Decheng District were good,but there is still the further development space.The status of low vision and obesity were serious, and it was necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of common diseasesin students.
引文
[1]中国学生体质与健康研究组.2005年中国学生体质与健康调研报告[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007,96(3):15-33.
[2]李辉,季成叶,宗心南,等.中国0~18岁儿童、青少年身高、体重的标准化生长曲线[J].中华儿科杂志,2009,47(7):487-492.
[3]国家计划生育委员会.学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查标准发布[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(8):1266
[4]季成叶.中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准[J].中华流行病学杂志,2004,12(2):97-102.
[5]顾勤明,晁湘琴,张秋.2010—2011学年苏州市金阊区小学生健康检查结果[J].职业与健康,2013,29(19):2452-2454.
[6]中国学生体质与健康研究组.2010年全国学生体质与健康调研结果[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(9):1024-1026.
[7]韩玉梅,陈硕,唐健,等.北京市中学生2010与2013年视力变化状况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(8):1202-1204.
[8]闻伟虹,张绍艳,沈明珠,等.2011年常熟市中小学生视力低下情况分析[J].中国校医,2013,27(8):592-593.
[9]付鹏翀.2010—2011学年北京市东城区中小学生体检结果分析[J].中国校医,2013,27(1):41-43.
[10]闻伟虹.常熟市中小学生健康体检结果调查分析[J].苏州大学,2013.
[11]王万陵,李英明.重庆市万州区2001—2005年中小学生营养状况[J].中国学校卫生,2007,35(1):56-57.
[12]刘庆武,肖水源,周少平,等.超重及肥胖对初中生自尊的影响[J].中国全科医学,2009,12(3):219-221.
[13]申存毅,张瑞娟,陈燕莉,等.西安市城区中小学生肥胖与高血压状况[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(5):588-589.
[14]熊均平,刘国良,李晓莉,等.漯河市12岁儿童第一恒牙磨牙换龋状况[J].中国学校卫生,2013,36(2):205-207.
[15]赵宏艳,石大勇,陈淑玲.唐山市中小学生龋患情况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(3):365-366.
[16]张迎修.山东省中小学生龋患情况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2007,27(5):465-466.
[17]MEDINA N H,LOPES M F,DURKIN S R,etal.Survey of Tra-choma within school students in the state of Roraima,Brazil[J].Ophthalmology,2011,118(10):1938-1943.
[18]崔爽,季成叶,张琳.2000年我国中小学生沙眼防治状况分析[J].疾病控制杂志,2006,31(1):60-61.
[2]李辉,季成叶,宗心南,等.中国0~18岁儿童、青少年身高、体重的标准化生长曲线[J].中华儿科杂志,2009,47(7):487-492.
[3]国家计划生育委员会.学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查标准发布[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(8):1266
[4]季成叶.中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准[J].中华流行病学杂志,2004,12(2):97-102.
[5]顾勤明,晁湘琴,张秋.2010—2011学年苏州市金阊区小学生健康检查结果[J].职业与健康,2013,29(19):2452-2454.
[6]中国学生体质与健康研究组.2010年全国学生体质与健康调研结果[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(9):1024-1026.
[7]韩玉梅,陈硕,唐健,等.北京市中学生2010与2013年视力变化状况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(8):1202-1204.
[8]闻伟虹,张绍艳,沈明珠,等.2011年常熟市中小学生视力低下情况分析[J].中国校医,2013,27(8):592-593.
[9]付鹏翀.2010—2011学年北京市东城区中小学生体检结果分析[J].中国校医,2013,27(1):41-43.
[10]闻伟虹.常熟市中小学生健康体检结果调查分析[J].苏州大学,2013.
[11]王万陵,李英明.重庆市万州区2001—2005年中小学生营养状况[J].中国学校卫生,2007,35(1):56-57.
[12]刘庆武,肖水源,周少平,等.超重及肥胖对初中生自尊的影响[J].中国全科医学,2009,12(3):219-221.
[13]申存毅,张瑞娟,陈燕莉,等.西安市城区中小学生肥胖与高血压状况[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(5):588-589.
[14]熊均平,刘国良,李晓莉,等.漯河市12岁儿童第一恒牙磨牙换龋状况[J].中国学校卫生,2013,36(2):205-207.
[15]赵宏艳,石大勇,陈淑玲.唐山市中小学生龋患情况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(3):365-366.
[16]张迎修.山东省中小学生龋患情况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2007,27(5):465-466.
[17]MEDINA N H,LOPES M F,DURKIN S R,etal.Survey of Tra-choma within school students in the state of Roraima,Brazil[J].Ophthalmology,2011,118(10):1938-1943.
[18]崔爽,季成叶,张琳.2000年我国中小学生沙眼防治状况分析[J].疾病控制杂志,2006,31(1):60-61.