基于风电场动态电压安全决策树体系的SVC紧急控制策略
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摘要
为克服规模化风电场中磁控电抗器型SVC控制性能的局限性,避免故障切除后无功过补偿,提出了基于风电场动态电压安全决策树体系的SVC紧急控制策略。分别基于决策树中的回归树算法与分类树算法构建风机过电压预测回归树以及风机脱网分类树,形成风电场动态电压安全决策树体系。该决策树体系依据在线信息进行数据挖掘,对风机脱网状况与电压越限情况进行快速预判,并根据预测结果采取合理的电容器退出措施,避免无功过补偿。算例分析表明,所提策略不仅能为电网及风电场运行人员提供风机脱网风险信息与决策参考,还能够降低故障切除后风机因过电压而脱网的风险。
In order to overcome the control performance of magnetic control reactor(MCR)-SVC that widely used in wind farm, and avoid reactive power over-compensation after fault removal, this paper proposed a SVC emergency control strategy based on dynamic voltage security decision trees. Regression tree algorithm and classification tree algorithm have been utilized to construct over voltage prediction trees and wind turbine trip-off prediction trees respectively, which can perform data mining on online information, and make fast judgement on voltage violation and wind turbine trip-off. Furthermore, capacitor shedding is performed based on the above prediction results. Validated by simulation, the propose control strategy is able to provide supportive wind turbine off-grid information for wind farm and power system operators, and decrease the wind farm over voltage risk.
In order to overcome the control performance of magnetic control reactor(MCR)-SVC that widely used in wind farm, and avoid reactive power over-compensation after fault removal, this paper proposed a SVC emergency control strategy based on dynamic voltage security decision trees. Regression tree algorithm and classification tree algorithm have been utilized to construct over voltage prediction trees and wind turbine trip-off prediction trees respectively, which can perform data mining on online information, and make fast judgement on voltage violation and wind turbine trip-off. Furthermore, capacitor shedding is performed based on the above prediction results. Validated by simulation, the propose control strategy is able to provide supportive wind turbine off-grid information for wind farm and power system operators, and decrease the wind farm over voltage risk.
引文
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[17]卓毅鑫,徐铝洋,张伟,等.基于决策树体系的预想故障集下风电场扰动风险测度评估[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(S2):143-152.Zhuo Yixin,Xu Lvyang,Zhang Wei,et al.Disturbance risk measure of wind farm based on decision trees under contingency[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(S2):143-152(in Chinese).
[18]Guo Qinglai,Sun Hongbin,Wang Bin,et al.Hierarchical automatic voltage control for integration of large-scale wind power:design and implementation[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2015,120:234-241.
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[26]蒋程,刘文霞,张建华,等.含风电接入的发输电系统风险评估[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(2):260-270.Jiang Cheng,Liu Wenxia,Zhang Jianhua,et al.Risk assessment of generation and transmission systems considering wind power penetration[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(2):260-270(in Chinese).
[27]李俊芳,张步涵.基于进化算法改进拉丁超立方抽样的概率潮流计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):90-96.Li Junfang,Zhang Buhan.Probabilistic load flow based on improved Latin hypercube sampling with evolutionary algorithm[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(25):90-96(in Chinese).
[2]汤蕾,沈沉,张雪敏.大规模风电集中接入对电力系统暂态功角稳定性的影响(一):理论基础[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(15):3832-3842.Tang Lei,Shen Chen,Zhang Xuemin.Impact of large-scale wind power centralized integration on transient angle stability of power systems-part I:theoretical foundation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(15):3832-3842(in Chinese).
[3]索江镭,胡志坚,刘宇凯,等.大规模风电并网后的电力系统广域增益调度控制器设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3724-3731.Suo Jianglei,Hu Zhijian,Liu Yukai,et al.Design of wide-area gain-scheduling controller of power system with integration of large scale wind farms[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3724-3731(in Chinese).
[4]拜润卿,秦睿,智勇,等.风电基地动态无功补偿装置参数实测与分析[J].中国电力,2012,45(2):54-57.Bai Runqing,Qin Rui,Zhi Yong,et al.Parameter test and analysis for dynamic compensation devices in wind power farms[J].Electric Power,2012,45(2):54-57(in Chinese).
[5]金玲,王剑彬,张一帆,等.风电场静止无功补偿装置性能测试分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2013,31(6):9-12.Jin Ling,Wang Jianbin,Zhang Yifan,et al.Performance test and analysis of SVC in wind farm[J].Inner Mongolia Electric Power,2013,31(6):9-12(in Chinese).
[6]叶希,鲁宗相,乔颖,等.大规模风电机组连锁脱网事故机理初探[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(8):11-17.Ye Xi,Lu Zongxiang,Qiao Ying,et al.A primary analysis on mechanism of large scale cascading trip-off of wind turbine generators[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(8):11-17(in Chinese).
[7]栗然,唐凡,刘英培,等.双馈风电场新型无功补偿与电压控制方案[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(19):16-23.Li Ran,Tang Fan,Liu Yingpei,et al.A new scheme of reactive power compensation and voltage control for DFIG based wind farm[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(19):16-23(in Chinese).
[8]王伟,徐殿国,王琦,等.大规模并网风电场的无功电压紧急控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(22):8-14.Wang Wei,Xu Dianguo,Wang Qi,et al.Reactive voltage emergency control strategy for large-scale wind farm integration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(22):8-14(in Chinese).
[9]杨勇,秦睿,拜润卿,等.动态无功补偿装置在酒泉地区风电场的优化应用[J].电网与清洁能源,2012,28(4):81-85.Yang Yong,Qin Rui,Bai Runqing,et al.Optimizing application of dynamic reactive power compensation devices in Jiuquan wind farms[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2012,28(4):81-85(in Chinese).
[10]Liu Yifeng,Guo Qinglai,Sun Hongbin,et al.Network model based coordinated automatic voltage control strategy for wind farm[C]//Proceedings of 2012 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies-Asia(ISGT Asia).Tianjin:IEEE,2012:1-5.
[11]孙宏斌,王康,张伯明,等.采用线性决策树的暂态稳定规则提取[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(34):61-67.Sun Hongbin,Wang Kang,Zhang Boming,et al.Rule extraction in transient stability study using linear decision trees[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(34):61-67(in Chinese).
[12]顾伟,丁涛,杨自群,等.在线电压安全评估的多重动态决策树方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(31):142-148.Gu Wei,Ding Tao,Yang Ziqun,et al.Online voltage security assessment using multiple dynamic decision tree[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(31):142-148(in Chinese).
[13]Liu Chengxi,Sun Kai,Rather Z H,et al.A systematic approach for dynamic security assessment and the corresponding preventive control scheme based on decision trees[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(2):717-730.
[14]Diao Ruisheng,Vittal V,Logic N.Design of a real-time security assessment tool for situational awareness enhancement in modern power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2010,25(2):957-965.
[15]安军,王孜航,穆钢,等.基于WAMS测量和戴维南等值的电力系统动态仿真误差溯源及可信度验证方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(5):1389-1394.An Jun,Wang Zihang,Mu Gang,et al.Confidence level verification and tracking to error source for power grid dynamic simulation based on WAMS and thevenin equivalence[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(5):1389-1394(in Chinese).
[16]卓毅鑫,徐铝洋,林湘宁.风电场动态联合仿真平台构建及风况影响分析[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(S1):356-364.Zhuo Yixin,Xu Lvyang,Lin Xiangning.The establishment of wind farm dynamic co-simulation platform and influence analysis of wind conditions[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(S1):356-364(in Chinese).
[17]卓毅鑫,徐铝洋,张伟,等.基于决策树体系的预想故障集下风电场扰动风险测度评估[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(S2):143-152.Zhuo Yixin,Xu Lvyang,Zhang Wei,et al.Disturbance risk measure of wind farm based on decision trees under contingency[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(S2):143-152(in Chinese).
[18]Guo Qinglai,Sun Hongbin,Wang Bin,et al.Hierarchical automatic voltage control for integration of large-scale wind power:design and implementation[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2015,120:234-241.
[19]Zheng Taiyi,Jiao Shaohua,Ding Kui,et al.A coordinated voltage control strategy of wind farms based on sensitivity method[C]//Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Grenoble Power Tech.Grenoble:IEEE,2013:1-5.
[20]孙勇,施慎行,郑太一,等.风电场故障预警装置:中国,104155540A[P].2014-11-19.
[21]赵忠立,蔡红军,白文光,等.一种风电场集电线路故障在线定位系统:中国,203519765U[P].2014-04-02.
[22]樊潇,周建,许卫东,等.一种风电场内部电缆故障定位的方法:中国,103323744B[P].2015-04-22.
[23]Gonzalez-Longatt F,Luis Rueda J.Powerfactory applications for power system analysis[M].Switzerland:Springer International Publishing,2014.
[24]Short T A.Electric power distribution handbook[M].2nd Ed.New York:CRC Press,2004.
[25]王晓滨,郭瑞鹏,曹一家,等.电力系统可靠性评估的自适应分层重要抽样法[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(3):33-38.Wang Xiaobin,Guo Ruipeng,Cao Yijia,et al.A self-adapting stratified and importance sampling method for power system reliability evaluation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(3):33-38(in Chinese).
[26]蒋程,刘文霞,张建华,等.含风电接入的发输电系统风险评估[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(2):260-270.Jiang Cheng,Liu Wenxia,Zhang Jianhua,et al.Risk assessment of generation and transmission systems considering wind power penetration[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(2):260-270(in Chinese).
[27]李俊芳,张步涵.基于进化算法改进拉丁超立方抽样的概率潮流计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):90-96.Li Junfang,Zhang Buhan.Probabilistic load flow based on improved Latin hypercube sampling with evolutionary algorithm[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(25):90-96(in Chinese).