活性氧在草酸钙肾结石形成中作用机制的研究进展
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摘要
肾结石的成分繁多、成因复杂,其形成过程一直都是研究者们亟于攻克的领域。随着草酸钙肾结石形成研究的逐步深入,活性氧(ROS)影响草酸钙肾结石形成的部分机制也开始变得明确。本文主要就草酸及草酸钙晶体如何介导形成ROS以及其在草酸钙肾结石形成及防治中相关机制的基础研究作一综述。
Kidney stones have many components and complex causes, and their formation process has always been a field that researchers are tempted to overcome. With the gradual deepening of the research on the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones, some of the mechanisms by which reactive oxygen species(ROS) affect the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones have begun to become clear. This article reviews the basic research on how oxalic acid and calcium oxalate crystals mediate ROS formation and its related mechanisms in the formation and prevention of calcium oxalate kidney stones.
Kidney stones have many components and complex causes, and their formation process has always been a field that researchers are tempted to overcome. With the gradual deepening of the research on the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones, some of the mechanisms by which reactive oxygen species(ROS) affect the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones have begun to become clear. This article reviews the basic research on how oxalic acid and calcium oxalate crystals mediate ROS formation and its related mechanisms in the formation and prevention of calcium oxalate kidney stones.
引文
1 邓华,杨义,陆丽兰,等.结石类型与年龄、性别的相关性研究[J].临床泌尿外科杂志,2018,33(12):968-971.
2 吴浩然,胡波,施国伟.草酸钙结晶-肾小管细胞损伤机制研究进展[J].临床泌尿外科杂志,2014,29(4):365-367.
3 Lu M,Gong X.Upstream reactive oxidative species(ROS)signalsin exogenous oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction[J].Cell Biol Int,2009,33(6):658-664.
4 Sareila O,Kelkka T,Pizzolla A,et al.NOX2 complex-derived ROS as immune regulators[J].Antioxid Redox Signal,2011,15(8):2197-2208.
5 Joshi S,Peck A B,Khan S R.NADPH Oxidase as a TherapeuticTarget for Oxalate Induced Injury in Kidneys[J].Oxid Med Cell Longev,2013,2013:462361.
6 Kowluru R A,Kowluru A,Mishra M,et al.Oxidative stress andepigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy[J].Prog Retin Eye Res,2015,48:40-61.
7 Perumal Vijayaraman K,Muruganantham S,Subramanian M,et al.Silymarin attenuates benzo(a)pyrene induced toxicity by mitigating ROS production,DNA damage and calcium mediated apoptosis inperipheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2012,86:79-85.
8 Song C,Mitter S K,Qi X,et al.Oxidative stress-mediated NF-KBphosphorylation upregulates p62/ SQSTM1 and promotes retinal pigmentedepithelial cell survival through increased autophagy[J].PLoS One,2017,12(2):e0171940.
9 Bodakhe K S,Namdeo K P,Patra K C,et al.A polyherbal formulation attenuates hyperoxaluria-induced oxidative stress and prevents subsequent deposition of calcium oxalate crystals and renal cell injury in rat kidneys[J].Chin J Nat Med,2013,11(5):466-471.
10 Yu L,Gan X,Liu X,et al.Calcium oxalate crystals induces tight junction disruption in distal renal tubular epithelial cells by activating ROS/Akt/p38 MAPK signaling pathway[J].Ren Fail,2017,39(1):440-451.
11 Abhishek A,Benita S,Kumari M,et al.Molecular analysis of oxalate-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis in the pathogenesis of kidney stone disease[J].J Physiol Biochem,2017,73(4):561-573.
12 Zuo J,Khan A,Glenton P A,et al.Effect of NADPH oxidase inhibition on theexpression of kidney injury molecule and calcium oxalate crystal deposition inhydroxy-L-proline-induced hyperoxaluria in the male Sprague-Dawley rats[J].Nephrol Dial Transplant,2011,26(6):1785-1796.
13 Qin B,Wang Q,Lu Y,et al.Losartan Ameliorates Calcium Oxalate-Induced Elevation of Stone-Related Proteins in Renal Tubular Cells by Inhibiting NADPH Oxidase and Oxidative Stress[J].Oxid Med CellLongev,2018,2018:1271864.
14 Piera-Velazquez S,Makul A,Jiménez SA.Increased expression of NAPDH oxidase 4 in systemic sclerosis dermal fibroblasts:regulation by transforminggrowth factor β[J].Arthritis Rheumatol,2015,67(10):2749-2758.
15 Li A,Wang J,Zhu D,et al.Arctigenin suppresses transforming growth factor-β1-induced expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and the subsequent epithelial-mesenchymal transition through reactive oxygen species-dependent ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells[J].Free Radic Res,2015,49(9):1095-1113.
16 Rashed T,Menon M,Thamilselvan S.Molecular mechanism of oxalate-induced free radical production and glutathione redox imbalance in renal epithelial cells:effect of antioxidants[J].Am J Nephrol,2004,24(5):557-568.
17 Hong S H,Lee H J,Sohn E J,et al.Anti-nephrolithic potential of resveratrol viainhibition of ROS,MCP-1,hyaluronan and osteopontin in vitro and in vivo[J].Pharmacol Rep,2013,65(4):970-979.
18 Tsujihata M.Mechanism of calcium oxalate renal stone formation andrenal tubular cell injury[J].Int J Urol,2008,15(2):115-120.
19 Cao L C,Honeyman T W,Cooney R,et al.Mitochondrial dysfunction isa primary event in renal cell oxalate toxicity[J].Kidney Int,2004,66(5):1890-1900.
20 Yu S L,Gan X G,Huang J M,et al.Oxalate impairs aminophospholipid translocase activity inrenal epithelial cells via oxidative stress:implications for calcium oxalateurolithiasis[J].J Urol,2011,186(3):1114-1120.
21 Abais J M,Xia M,Zhang Y,et al.Redox regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes:ROS as trigger or effector[J].Antioxid Redox Signal,2015,22(13):1111-1129.
22 Feng H,Gu J,Gou F,et al.High Glucose and Lipopolysaccharide Prime NLRP3 Inflammasome via ROS/TXNIP Pathway in Mesangial Cells[J].J Diabetes Res,2016,2016:6973175.
23 Cao G,Jiang N,Hu Y,et al.Ruscogenin Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction by Suppressing TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and the MAPK Pathway[J].Int J Mol Sci,2016.
24 Xia M,Boini K M,Abais J M,et al.Endothelial NLRP3inflammasome activation and enhanced neointima formation in mice by adipokine visfatin[J].Am J Pathol,2014,184(5):1617-1628.
25 Mulay S R,Kulkarni O P,Rupanagudi K V,et al.Calcium oxalate crystals induce renal inflammation by NLRP3-mediated IL-1beta secretion[J].J Clin Invest,2013,123(1):236-246.
26 Kusmartsev S,Dominguez-Gutierrez P R,Canales B K,et al.Calcium Oxalate Stone Fragment and Crystal Phagocytosis by HumanMacrophages[J].J Urol,2016,195(4 Pt 1):1143-1151.
27 Ip W K E,Medzhitov R.Macrophages monitor tissue osmolarity and induce inflammatory response through NLRP3 and NLRC4 inflammasome activation[J].Nat Commun,2015,6:6931.
28 Bause A S,Matsui M S,Haigis M C.The protein deacetylase SIRT3 prevents oxidative stress-induced keratinocyte differentiation[J].J Biol Chem,2013,288(51):36484-36491.
29 Ferroni M C,Rycyna K J,Averch T D,et al.Vitamin D Repletion in Kidney Stone Formers-A Randomized Controlled Trial[J].J Urol,2017,197(4)1079-1083.
30 Wang L,Chen W,Peng Z,et al.Vorinostat protects against calcium oxalate-induced kidney injury in mice[J].Mol Med Rep,2015,12(3):4291-4297.
2 吴浩然,胡波,施国伟.草酸钙结晶-肾小管细胞损伤机制研究进展[J].临床泌尿外科杂志,2014,29(4):365-367.
3 Lu M,Gong X.Upstream reactive oxidative species(ROS)signalsin exogenous oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction[J].Cell Biol Int,2009,33(6):658-664.
4 Sareila O,Kelkka T,Pizzolla A,et al.NOX2 complex-derived ROS as immune regulators[J].Antioxid Redox Signal,2011,15(8):2197-2208.
5 Joshi S,Peck A B,Khan S R.NADPH Oxidase as a TherapeuticTarget for Oxalate Induced Injury in Kidneys[J].Oxid Med Cell Longev,2013,2013:462361.
6 Kowluru R A,Kowluru A,Mishra M,et al.Oxidative stress andepigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy[J].Prog Retin Eye Res,2015,48:40-61.
7 Perumal Vijayaraman K,Muruganantham S,Subramanian M,et al.Silymarin attenuates benzo(a)pyrene induced toxicity by mitigating ROS production,DNA damage and calcium mediated apoptosis inperipheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2012,86:79-85.
8 Song C,Mitter S K,Qi X,et al.Oxidative stress-mediated NF-KBphosphorylation upregulates p62/ SQSTM1 and promotes retinal pigmentedepithelial cell survival through increased autophagy[J].PLoS One,2017,12(2):e0171940.
9 Bodakhe K S,Namdeo K P,Patra K C,et al.A polyherbal formulation attenuates hyperoxaluria-induced oxidative stress and prevents subsequent deposition of calcium oxalate crystals and renal cell injury in rat kidneys[J].Chin J Nat Med,2013,11(5):466-471.
10 Yu L,Gan X,Liu X,et al.Calcium oxalate crystals induces tight junction disruption in distal renal tubular epithelial cells by activating ROS/Akt/p38 MAPK signaling pathway[J].Ren Fail,2017,39(1):440-451.
11 Abhishek A,Benita S,Kumari M,et al.Molecular analysis of oxalate-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis in the pathogenesis of kidney stone disease[J].J Physiol Biochem,2017,73(4):561-573.
12 Zuo J,Khan A,Glenton P A,et al.Effect of NADPH oxidase inhibition on theexpression of kidney injury molecule and calcium oxalate crystal deposition inhydroxy-L-proline-induced hyperoxaluria in the male Sprague-Dawley rats[J].Nephrol Dial Transplant,2011,26(6):1785-1796.
13 Qin B,Wang Q,Lu Y,et al.Losartan Ameliorates Calcium Oxalate-Induced Elevation of Stone-Related Proteins in Renal Tubular Cells by Inhibiting NADPH Oxidase and Oxidative Stress[J].Oxid Med CellLongev,2018,2018:1271864.
14 Piera-Velazquez S,Makul A,Jiménez SA.Increased expression of NAPDH oxidase 4 in systemic sclerosis dermal fibroblasts:regulation by transforminggrowth factor β[J].Arthritis Rheumatol,2015,67(10):2749-2758.
15 Li A,Wang J,Zhu D,et al.Arctigenin suppresses transforming growth factor-β1-induced expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and the subsequent epithelial-mesenchymal transition through reactive oxygen species-dependent ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells[J].Free Radic Res,2015,49(9):1095-1113.
16 Rashed T,Menon M,Thamilselvan S.Molecular mechanism of oxalate-induced free radical production and glutathione redox imbalance in renal epithelial cells:effect of antioxidants[J].Am J Nephrol,2004,24(5):557-568.
17 Hong S H,Lee H J,Sohn E J,et al.Anti-nephrolithic potential of resveratrol viainhibition of ROS,MCP-1,hyaluronan and osteopontin in vitro and in vivo[J].Pharmacol Rep,2013,65(4):970-979.
18 Tsujihata M.Mechanism of calcium oxalate renal stone formation andrenal tubular cell injury[J].Int J Urol,2008,15(2):115-120.
19 Cao L C,Honeyman T W,Cooney R,et al.Mitochondrial dysfunction isa primary event in renal cell oxalate toxicity[J].Kidney Int,2004,66(5):1890-1900.
20 Yu S L,Gan X G,Huang J M,et al.Oxalate impairs aminophospholipid translocase activity inrenal epithelial cells via oxidative stress:implications for calcium oxalateurolithiasis[J].J Urol,2011,186(3):1114-1120.
21 Abais J M,Xia M,Zhang Y,et al.Redox regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes:ROS as trigger or effector[J].Antioxid Redox Signal,2015,22(13):1111-1129.
22 Feng H,Gu J,Gou F,et al.High Glucose and Lipopolysaccharide Prime NLRP3 Inflammasome via ROS/TXNIP Pathway in Mesangial Cells[J].J Diabetes Res,2016,2016:6973175.
23 Cao G,Jiang N,Hu Y,et al.Ruscogenin Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction by Suppressing TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and the MAPK Pathway[J].Int J Mol Sci,2016.
24 Xia M,Boini K M,Abais J M,et al.Endothelial NLRP3inflammasome activation and enhanced neointima formation in mice by adipokine visfatin[J].Am J Pathol,2014,184(5):1617-1628.
25 Mulay S R,Kulkarni O P,Rupanagudi K V,et al.Calcium oxalate crystals induce renal inflammation by NLRP3-mediated IL-1beta secretion[J].J Clin Invest,2013,123(1):236-246.
26 Kusmartsev S,Dominguez-Gutierrez P R,Canales B K,et al.Calcium Oxalate Stone Fragment and Crystal Phagocytosis by HumanMacrophages[J].J Urol,2016,195(4 Pt 1):1143-1151.
27 Ip W K E,Medzhitov R.Macrophages monitor tissue osmolarity and induce inflammatory response through NLRP3 and NLRC4 inflammasome activation[J].Nat Commun,2015,6:6931.
28 Bause A S,Matsui M S,Haigis M C.The protein deacetylase SIRT3 prevents oxidative stress-induced keratinocyte differentiation[J].J Biol Chem,2013,288(51):36484-36491.
29 Ferroni M C,Rycyna K J,Averch T D,et al.Vitamin D Repletion in Kidney Stone Formers-A Randomized Controlled Trial[J].J Urol,2017,197(4)1079-1083.
30 Wang L,Chen W,Peng Z,et al.Vorinostat protects against calcium oxalate-induced kidney injury in mice[J].Mol Med Rep,2015,12(3):4291-4297.