汽油机颗粒捕集器的快速积灰与灰分分析
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摘要
为缩短获得汽油机颗粒捕集器(Gasoline Particulate Filter,GPF)目标灰分量的时间,以便分析灰分对GPF的影响,针对缸内直喷汽油机,以润滑油和汽油的掺混油为燃料,在发动机台架上对GPF进行了快速积灰,并将积灰后的GPF切割进行X射线荧光光谱(XRF)分析及比表面积(BET)分析。结果表明,该方法缩短了获得目标灰分的周期,积灰速度为0.8 g/h,积灰效率达28%左右;GPF对灰分中不同元素的过滤效率不同,主要化合物沿其径向分布逐渐减少,轴向分布受外部因素影响较为明显。
This article used the Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI) engine as the main component and used a mixture of lubricating oil and gasoline as fuel to accumulate ash quickly on the engine bench. After the ash was accumulated, the GPF was cut and subjected to X-Ray Fluorescence(XRF) analysis and specific surface area(BET) analysis. The results show that this method can shorten the time for obtaining target ash content. The ash deposition rate is 0.8 g/h, and the ash deposition efficiency is 28%. The results also show that GPF has different filtering efficiency for different elements in the ash. The distribution of major compounds along the radial direction gradually decreases, and the axial distribution is more obviously affected by external factors.
This article used the Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI) engine as the main component and used a mixture of lubricating oil and gasoline as fuel to accumulate ash quickly on the engine bench. After the ash was accumulated, the GPF was cut and subjected to X-Ray Fluorescence(XRF) analysis and specific surface area(BET) analysis. The results show that this method can shorten the time for obtaining target ash content. The ash deposition rate is 0.8 g/h, and the ash deposition efficiency is 28%. The results also show that GPF has different filtering efficiency for different elements in the ash. The distribution of major compounds along the radial direction gradually decreases, and the axial distribution is more obviously affected by external factors.
引文
[1]环境保护部.轻型汽车污染物排放限值及测量方法(中国第六阶段):GB 18352.6-2016[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2017.
[2]Shao H F,Lam V,Remias J,et al.Effect of Lubricant Oil Properties on the Performance of Gasoline Particulate Filter[J].SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-2287.
[3]Youngquist A D,Bunting B G,Nguyen K.Development of an Accelerated Ash Loading Protocol for Diesel Particulate Filters[J].SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-2496.
[4]Raine R,Kar K,Hanson L,et al.Gasoline Direct-Injection Engine Combustion and Emissions Measurements and Modelling[J].International Journal of Engine Research,2005(7):17-28.
[5]Tingjun Hu,Ho Teng,Xuwei Luo,et al.Impact of Fuel Injection on Dilution of Engine Crankcase Oil for Turbocharged Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines[J].SAETechnical Paper 2015-01-0967.
[6]Kleiner F,Kaspar M,Artmann C,et al.Online Oil Dilution Measurement at GDI Engines[J].SAE Technical Paper2014-01-2591.
[7]Changzhao Jiang,Hongming Xu,Dhananjay Srivastava,et al.Effect of Fuel Injector Deposit on Spray Characteristics,Gaseous Emissionsand Particulate Matter in a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine[J].Applied Energy,2017(203):390-402.
[8]Givens W A,Buck W H,Hertzberg A,et al.Lube Formulation Effects on Transfer of Elements to Exhaust After-Treatment System Components[J].SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-3109.
[9]Alexander Sappok,Yujun Wang,RuoQian Wang,et al.Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Ash Accumulation and Mobility in Ceramic Exhaust Particulate Filters and Potential for Improved Ash Management[J].SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1517.
[10]Yujun Wang,Victor Wong,Alexander Sappok,et al.The Sensitivity of DPF Performance to the SpatialDistribution of Ash Inside DPF Inlet Channels[J].SAE Technical Paper2013-01-1584.一一一一一一一一一一
[2]Shao H F,Lam V,Remias J,et al.Effect of Lubricant Oil Properties on the Performance of Gasoline Particulate Filter[J].SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-2287.
[3]Youngquist A D,Bunting B G,Nguyen K.Development of an Accelerated Ash Loading Protocol for Diesel Particulate Filters[J].SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-2496.
[4]Raine R,Kar K,Hanson L,et al.Gasoline Direct-Injection Engine Combustion and Emissions Measurements and Modelling[J].International Journal of Engine Research,2005(7):17-28.
[5]Tingjun Hu,Ho Teng,Xuwei Luo,et al.Impact of Fuel Injection on Dilution of Engine Crankcase Oil for Turbocharged Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines[J].SAETechnical Paper 2015-01-0967.
[6]Kleiner F,Kaspar M,Artmann C,et al.Online Oil Dilution Measurement at GDI Engines[J].SAE Technical Paper2014-01-2591.
[7]Changzhao Jiang,Hongming Xu,Dhananjay Srivastava,et al.Effect of Fuel Injector Deposit on Spray Characteristics,Gaseous Emissionsand Particulate Matter in a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine[J].Applied Energy,2017(203):390-402.
[8]Givens W A,Buck W H,Hertzberg A,et al.Lube Formulation Effects on Transfer of Elements to Exhaust After-Treatment System Components[J].SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-3109.
[9]Alexander Sappok,Yujun Wang,RuoQian Wang,et al.Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Ash Accumulation and Mobility in Ceramic Exhaust Particulate Filters and Potential for Improved Ash Management[J].SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1517.
[10]Yujun Wang,Victor Wong,Alexander Sappok,et al.The Sensitivity of DPF Performance to the SpatialDistribution of Ash Inside DPF Inlet Channels[J].SAE Technical Paper2013-01-1584.一一一一一一一一一一