土壤水分胁迫对多花黄精光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数的影响
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摘要
为探讨土壤水分胁迫对多花黄精光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数的影响,通过盆栽控水试验,对多花黄精进行干旱胁迫和水淹胁迫,测定不同处理植株叶片的叶绿素含量、荧光参数以及光合参数。结果表明:1)多花黄精受水淹胁迫的伤害明显,其中重度水淹胁迫下14 d后全部枯死,中度水淹33 d后开始枯死,轻度水淹40 d后变黄。2)多花黄精能忍受一定程度的干旱胁迫,重度干旱胁迫下38 d后部分叶片变黄,但在中度干旱和轻度干旱胁迫下未受到明显伤害。3)随着土壤水分胁迫(水淹、干旱)强度增大,叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、最大荧光(F_m)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、PSⅡ的有效量子产量(Yield)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)以及净光合速率(P_n)、胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)均下降,而叶绿素a与b比值、初始荧光(F_0)、非光化学淬灭系数(qN)均上升。研究结果显示,土壤含水量在60%～80%之间时,多花黄精能够正常生长,水淹胁迫对多花黄精产生明显伤害。
To explore photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Polygonatum cyrtonema under water stress, the chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic parameters of P. cyrtonema were measured under waterlogging stress and drought stress through poted culture experiments. The results shows that: 1) P. cyrtonema plants were obviously subjected to injuries under waterlogging stress, and withered away under 14-day severe waterlogging stress and under 33-day moderate waterlogging stress respectively, but under light waterlogging stress the leaves began to turn yellow in 40 days. 2) P. cyrtonema plants can tolerate a certain degree of drought stress, only a part of leaves turning yellow under 38-day severe drought stress, but no distinct injuries were found under either moderate or light drought stress. 3)With the increase of soil water stress(waterlogging, drought),the chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, the maximum fluorescence(F_m), photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ(F_v/F_m), actual photo chemical efficiency of PSⅡ during illumination(Pyield, PSⅡ), photo chemical quenching coefficient(qP), and the net photosynthetic rate(P_n), concentration of CO_2(C_i) were effectively decreased; while the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b, minimal fluorescence(F_o), non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN) were increased. It showed that P. cyrtonema plants grew normally when soil moisture content was between 60% and 80%, and waterlogging stress had great injuries to the plants.
To explore photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Polygonatum cyrtonema under water stress, the chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic parameters of P. cyrtonema were measured under waterlogging stress and drought stress through poted culture experiments. The results shows that: 1) P. cyrtonema plants were obviously subjected to injuries under waterlogging stress, and withered away under 14-day severe waterlogging stress and under 33-day moderate waterlogging stress respectively, but under light waterlogging stress the leaves began to turn yellow in 40 days. 2) P. cyrtonema plants can tolerate a certain degree of drought stress, only a part of leaves turning yellow under 38-day severe drought stress, but no distinct injuries were found under either moderate or light drought stress. 3)With the increase of soil water stress(waterlogging, drought),the chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, the maximum fluorescence(F_m), photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ(F_v/F_m), actual photo chemical efficiency of PSⅡ during illumination(Pyield, PSⅡ), photo chemical quenching coefficient(qP), and the net photosynthetic rate(P_n), concentration of CO_2(C_i) were effectively decreased; while the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b, minimal fluorescence(F_o), non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN) were increased. It showed that P. cyrtonema plants grew normally when soil moisture content was between 60% and 80%, and waterlogging stress had great injuries to the plants.
引文
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[31]黄拯,钟秋平,曹林青,等.干旱胁迫对油茶成林光合作用的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):72-79.
[32]ROUHI V,SAMSON R,LEMEUR R,et al.Photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics in three different almond species during drought stress and subsequent recovery[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2007,59(2):117-129.
[33]FARQUHAR G D,SHARKEY T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33(3):317-345.
[2]尤鑫,龚吉蕊.叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及实例辨析[J].西部林业科学,2012,41(5):90-94.
[3]王琰,陈建文,狄晓艳.不同油松种源光合和荧光参数对水分胁迫的响应特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(23):46-53.
[4]褚建民,孟平,张劲松,等.土壤水分胁迫对欧李幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(3):295-300.
[5]LI R H,MSC C,GUO P G,et al.Evaluation of chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters as indicators of drought tolerance in barley[J].Agricultural in Sciences in China,2006,5(10):751-757.
[6]RAHELEH RAHBARIAN,RAMAZANALI KHAVARI-NEJAD,ALI GANJEALI,et al.Drought Stress Effects on Photosynthesis,Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Water Relations in Tolerant and Susceptible Chickpea(Cicer Arietinum L.)Genotypes[J].Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica,2011,53(1):47-56.
[7]郑林森.杉木林下多花黄精种植试验研究[J].林业勘察设计,2012(1):155-157.
[8]樊艳荣,陈双林,杨清平,等.毛竹材用林林下植被群落结构对多花黄精生长的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(6):1471-1480.
[9]何鹏程.多花黄精林下栽培技术要点[J].安徽林业科技,2015,41(4):68-70.
[10]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[11]ZR?ST J,VACEK K,HALA J,et al.Influence of water stress on photosynthesis and variable chlorophyll fluorescence of potato leaves[J].Biologia Plantarum,1994,36(2):209-214.
[12]黄艳萍,袁萍,沈晓萌,等.水分胁迫对广藿香叶绿素荧光特征的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(1):171-173,177.
[13]侯晓龙,蔡丽平,韩航,等.铅胁迫对百喜草叶绿素荧光特性及酶活性的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(3):142-148.
[14]吴甘霖,段仁燕,王志高,等.干旱和复水对草莓叶片叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(14):3941-3946.
[15]靳月,李铁华,文仕知,等.干旱胁迫对闽楠幼苗的生长和生理特性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(9):50-57.
[16]SURENDAR K K,DEVI D D,RAVI I,et al.Effect of Water Stress on Leaf Temperature,Transpiration Rate,Stomatal Diffusive Resistance and Yield of Banana[J].Physica Status Solidi B Basic Research,2013,96(2):77-82.
[17]张金政,张起源,孙国峰,等.干旱胁迫及复水对玉簪生长和光合作用的影响[J].草业学报,2014,23(1):167-176.
[18]梁文斌,聂东伶,吴思政,等.水分胁迫对短梗大参生理生化特征的影响[J].经济林研究,2016,34(3):99-104.
[19]ZHANG Y J,XIE Z K,WANG Y J,et al.Effect of water stress on leaf photosynthesis,chlorophyll content,and growth of Oriental lily[J].Russian Journal of Plant Physiology,2011,58(5):844-850.
[20]宋家壮,李萍萍,付为国.水分胁迫及复水对虉草生理生化特性的影响[J].草业学报,2012,21(2):62-69.
[21]张锋,孔祥生,张妙霞,等.水分胁迫对牡丹光合和荧光特性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(18):7543-7545.
[22]耿东梅,单立山,李毅,等.土壤水分胁迫对红砂幼苗叶绿素荧光和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].植物学报,2014,49(3):282-291.
[23]齐华,白向历,孙世贤,等.水分胁迫对玉米叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].华北农学报,2009,24(3):102-106.
[24]ZHANG J Z,SHI L,SHI A P.Photosynthetic responses of four Hosta cultivars to shade treatment[J].Photosynthetica,2004,42(2):213-218.
[25]OULA GHANNOUM.C4 photosynthesis and water stress[J].Annals of Botany,2009,103(4):635-644
[26]OGAYA R,PE UELAS J.Comparative field study of Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia:photosynthetic response to experimental drought conditions[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2003,50(2):137-148.
[27]EKMEKCI Y,BOHMS A,THOMSON J A,et al.Photochemical and antioxidant responses in the leaves of Xerophyta viscosa Baker and Digitaria sanguinalis L.under water deficit[J].Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung,2005,60(5/6):435-443.
[28]罗永忠,成自勇.水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿叶水势、蒸腾速率和气孔导度的影响[J].草地学报,2011,19(2):215-221.
[29]DAVID A,RAMíREZ,WENDY YACTAYO,LIBBY R,et al.Defining biological thresholds associated to plant water status for monitoring water restriction effects:Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis recovery as key indicators in potato[J].Agricultural Water Management,2016,177:369-378.
[30]何炎红,郭连生,田有亮.白刺叶不同水分状况下光合速率及其叶绿素荧光特性的研究[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(11):88-95.
[31]黄拯,钟秋平,曹林青,等.干旱胁迫对油茶成林光合作用的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):72-79.
[32]ROUHI V,SAMSON R,LEMEUR R,et al.Photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics in three different almond species during drought stress and subsequent recovery[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2007,59(2):117-129.
[33]FARQUHAR G D,SHARKEY T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33(3):317-345.