内蒙古二连盆地不同岩性潜山储层特征及其影响因素
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摘要
二连盆地古生界潜山岩性分布具有多样性,利用岩心观察、薄片鉴定、物性分析、常规测井和伽玛能谱测井等技术对二连盆地不同岩性潜山储集层发育特征进行分析。结果表明灰岩潜山、凝灰岩潜山和动力变质岩潜山储集层较发育,以溶蚀型储集层为主,孔缝组合类型为洞穴型、孔洞-裂缝型、孔隙-裂缝型和裂缝-孔隙型;花岗岩潜山和区域变质岩潜山储层欠发育,储集空间主要为构造缝,孔缝组合类型为裂缝型和裂缝-孔隙型;不同岩性储集层纵向分布具有分带性,储集层主要发育于岩溶带、风化淋滤带、强风化碎石带和内幕溶蚀带;灰岩潜山和凝灰岩潜山储集层纵向分布广,具有纵向随机发育的特征,花岗岩潜山和花岗碎裂岩潜山存在风化壳储集层和内幕储集层。综合分析认为潜山储集层发育的影响因素主要包括岩性、距离潜山顶面的深度、构造运动及断裂分布和热液活动。不同岩性的储集层主要分布在距离潜山顶面80m深度范围内;裂缝发育带沿断裂呈带状分布,而且随着与断裂距离的增加,构造裂缝分数维值逐渐减小;热液活动对储集物性起着改善和破坏双重作用。
The lithology of Palaeozoic buried-hills is variable in Erlian Basin. With core, indoor rock identification and casting thin section analysis, physical analysis, conventional logging, natural gamma ray spectrometry logging and other methods, the authors compared and analyzed characteristics of multi-lithologic buried-hills of Palaeozoic reservoirs in Erlian Basin in such aspects as pore type, property and reservoir vertical distribution. The results show that limestone buried-hills, tuff buried-hills and dynamometamorphic rock buried-hills reservoirs are well-developed and are mainly of dissolution type. The style of pore-fracture combination can be divided into cavern type, cavity-fracture type, pore-fracture type and fracture-pore type. Granite buried-hills and regional metamorphite buried-hills reservoirs are poor-developed and their storage space is structural fracture. The style of pore-fracture combination can be divided into fracture and fracture-pore type. The distribution of multi-lithologicreservoirs is characterized by vertical zonation. The reservoirs dominantly develop karst zone, weathering and leaching zone, strong weathering debris zone and interior dissolution zone. Limestone buried-hills and tuff buried-hills reservoirs have wide vertical distribution and are characterized by vertical stochastic development. Granite and granitic-cataclasite buried-hills develop weathering crust and interior reservoirs. According to comprehensive analysis, the main controlling factors of buried-hill reservoir development include lithology, the distance to the top of buried-hill, structural movement, fault distribution and hydrothermal activity. Reservoirs of different lithologic characters are mainly distributed in the depth range of 80 m to the top of the buried-hill. Fracture zones are distributed in banded form along faults, and the value of fractal dimensions gradually decreases with the increase of the distance to the fault. Hydrothermal activity played both improvement and destruction roles in the development of reservoir properties.
The lithology of Palaeozoic buried-hills is variable in Erlian Basin. With core, indoor rock identification and casting thin section analysis, physical analysis, conventional logging, natural gamma ray spectrometry logging and other methods, the authors compared and analyzed characteristics of multi-lithologic buried-hills of Palaeozoic reservoirs in Erlian Basin in such aspects as pore type, property and reservoir vertical distribution. The results show that limestone buried-hills, tuff buried-hills and dynamometamorphic rock buried-hills reservoirs are well-developed and are mainly of dissolution type. The style of pore-fracture combination can be divided into cavern type, cavity-fracture type, pore-fracture type and fracture-pore type. Granite buried-hills and regional metamorphite buried-hills reservoirs are poor-developed and their storage space is structural fracture. The style of pore-fracture combination can be divided into fracture and fracture-pore type. The distribution of multi-lithologicreservoirs is characterized by vertical zonation. The reservoirs dominantly develop karst zone, weathering and leaching zone, strong weathering debris zone and interior dissolution zone. Limestone buried-hills and tuff buried-hills reservoirs have wide vertical distribution and are characterized by vertical stochastic development. Granite and granitic-cataclasite buried-hills develop weathering crust and interior reservoirs. According to comprehensive analysis, the main controlling factors of buried-hill reservoir development include lithology, the distance to the top of buried-hill, structural movement, fault distribution and hydrothermal activity. Reservoirs of different lithologic characters are mainly distributed in the depth range of 80 m to the top of the buried-hill. Fracture zones are distributed in banded form along faults, and the value of fractal dimensions gradually decreases with the increase of the distance to the fault. Hydrothermal activity played both improvement and destruction roles in the development of reservoir properties.
引文
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金之钧,朱东亚,胡文瑄,张学丰,王毅,闫相宾.2006.塔里木盆地热液活动地质地球化学特征及其对储层影响[J].地质学报,80(2):245-254.
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潘文庆,刘永福,DICKSON J A D,沈安江,韩杰,叶瑛,高宏亮,关平,张丽娟,郑兴平.2009.塔里木盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩热液岩溶的特征及地质模型[J].沉积学报,27(5):983-994.
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陶继雄,钟仁,赵月明,郑宝军.2010.内蒙古苏尼特左旗乌兰德勒钼(铜)矿床地质特征及找矿标志[J].地球学报,31(3):413-422.
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吴贤顺,樊太亮.2002.从古地貌谈层序格架中储层的发育规律[J].地球学报,23(3):259-262.
张吉昌,田国清,刘建中.1996.储层构造裂缝的分形分析[J].石油勘探与开发,23(4):65-67.
张松扬,范宜仁,李会银.2006.基于自然伽马能谱测井的岩溶型碳酸盐岩储层层位划分与对比[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),30(6):35-41.
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赵乐强,张金亮,宋国奇,隋风贵,王学军,向立宏.2009.济阳坳陷前第三系顶部风化壳结构发育特征及对油气成藏的影响[J].地质学报,83(4):570-578.
仲维维,卢双舫,张世广,黄文彪,邵明礼,王立武.2010.火成岩储层物性特征及其影响因素——以松辽盆地南部英台断陷龙深1井区为例[J].沉积学报,28(3):563-571.
周英杰.2006.裂缝性潜山油藏表征与预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
CAI Ming-hai,ZHANG Zhi-gang,QU Wen-jun,PENG Zhen-an,ZHANG Shi-qi,XU Ming,CHEN Yan,WANG Xian-bin.2011.Geological Characteristics and Re-Os Dating of the Chagan-hua Molybdenum Deposit in Urad Rear Banner,Western InnerMongolia[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,32(1):64-68(in Chi-nese with English abstract).
CHEN Guang-po,XU Guo-sheng,ZHAO Zhi-gang,WANGHong-bo,DAN Wei-ning.2009.Feature of Paleozoic bur-ied-hill reservoir in3D zone of Saihantala sag of Erlian basinand affected factors[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,44(1):64-69(in Chinese with English abstract).
DU Jing-hu.2003.Subtle Reservoir Exploration in Erlian Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press(in Chinese).
FU Xiao-fei,SU Yu-ping,LU Yan-fang,ZHANG Yun-feng,FUGuang.2007.Fractal characteristic and geological meaning offault and fracture[J].Earth Science(Journal of China Univer-sity of Geosciences),32(2):227-234(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
FU Zheng,LIU Qin-fu,TIAN Wei-meng,HOU Li-hua.2008.Com-position and Characteristics of Clay Minerals from the Hing-ganling Group in the Beier Depression of the Hailar Basin[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,29(2):174-178(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
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