洪水作用下马惠宁穿越管道的应力分析
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摘要
马惠宁管道沿线属于典型的洪灾易发区,洪水多次导致管道暴露悬空进而断裂,造成巨大的经济损失。本文以马惠宁管道为例,基于Morison方程建立了简化的力学模型,采用有限元仿真进行了静力学分析,对管道应力分布特点、极限悬空长度与极限洪水流速的相互关系,以及管道壁厚等影响因素进行了分析。据此确定最有可能发生失效的位置是出土端面和悬空管道中点位置,且应力与管道壁厚之间关系紧密,当管道径厚比超过55时,管道对洪水冲击的抗性非常小。在进一步的涡激振动分析中,得出管道最易发生共振现象的危险长度为20m。最后以快涨快消型洪水为例,通过隐式动力学分析法,对管道展开时程分析,探讨了静力学分析的局限性。基于以上结论,提出打桩固管的桩距标准:若悬空段长度不足20m,在管道1/2位置打桩;否则每隔10m打桩1个。
The route of Ma Huining pipeline is a typical flood prone area, and the flood repeatedly causes the pipeline to expose to the air and fractured, resulting in huge economic losses. Taking Ma Huining pipeline as an example, a simplified mechanical model is established based on Morison equation, the statics analysis by finite element simulation, the pipeline stress distribution characteristics, the relationship between the limit length of dangling and the flooding limit velocity, as well as the influence factors such as the pipe wall thickness are analyzed. Accordingly the position of the most likely failure is determined as the excavated face and suspended pipeline neutral position, and the stress is closely related to the pipe wall thickness, when the ratio of pipe diameter to thickness is more than 55, the resistivity of pipe on flood is very small. In the further analysis of vortex-induced vibration, it concludes that the maximum length of the pipe is 20 m. Finally, taking the fast-rising and fast-disappearing flood as an example, through the implicit dynamic analysis, the time history analysis of pipeline expansion is carried out, and the limitation of static analysis is discussed. Based on the above conclusions, the standard of pile spacing for piling and fixing pipe is put forward: if the length of the overhanging section is less than 20 m, piling at 1/2 position of the pipe; otherwise piling at every 10 m.
The route of Ma Huining pipeline is a typical flood prone area, and the flood repeatedly causes the pipeline to expose to the air and fractured, resulting in huge economic losses. Taking Ma Huining pipeline as an example, a simplified mechanical model is established based on Morison equation, the statics analysis by finite element simulation, the pipeline stress distribution characteristics, the relationship between the limit length of dangling and the flooding limit velocity, as well as the influence factors such as the pipe wall thickness are analyzed. Accordingly the position of the most likely failure is determined as the excavated face and suspended pipeline neutral position, and the stress is closely related to the pipe wall thickness, when the ratio of pipe diameter to thickness is more than 55, the resistivity of pipe on flood is very small. In the further analysis of vortex-induced vibration, it concludes that the maximum length of the pipe is 20 m. Finally, taking the fast-rising and fast-disappearing flood as an example, through the implicit dynamic analysis, the time history analysis of pipeline expansion is carried out, and the limitation of static analysis is discussed. Based on the above conclusions, the standard of pile spacing for piling and fixing pipe is put forward: if the length of the overhanging section is less than 20 m, piling at 1/2 position of the pipe; otherwise piling at every 10 m.
引文
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[10]桑文慧,孙志强,周孑民.有限流道内低雷诺数二维圆柱绕流数值模拟[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(3):383-387.(SANG Wenhui,SUN Zhiqiang,ZHOU Jiemin.Numerical simulation of low Reynolds number two-dimensional cylindrical flow in finite flow channel[J].Journal of central south university(natural science),2012,43(3):383-387(in Chinese)).
[11]谭东杰,施宁,李亮亮,等.洪水冲击流动管道基于DQM的临界长度研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(4):173-179.(TAN DongJie,SHI Ning,LI Liangliang,et al.Study on critical length of flood-impact flow pipeline based on DQM[J].Journal of southwest petroleum university(natural science),2013,35(4):173-179(in Chinese)).
[12]黄坤,卢泓方,吴世娟,等.穿越滑坡体埋地输气管道应力分析[J].应用力学学报,2015,32(4):689-693.(HUANG Kun,LU Hongfang,WU Shijuan,et al.Analysis of stress in buried gas pipelines crossing landslide[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2015,32(4):689-693(in Chinese)).
[13]付冉,姚安林.水网地区漂浮输气管道应力分析[J].天然气与石油,2015,33(4):12-16.(FU Ran,YAO Anlin.Stress analysis of floating gas pipeline in water network area[J].Natural gas and oil,2015,33(4):12-16(in Chinese)).
[14]竺艳蓉.海洋工程波浪力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1991.(ZHU Yanrong.Ocean engineering wave mechanics[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,1991(in Chinese)).
[15]马廷霞,吴锦强,唐愚,等.成品油管道的极限悬空长度研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(4):165-173.(MA Tingxia,WU Jinqiang,TANG Yu,et al.Study on the ultimate suspension length of refined oil pipeline[J].Journal of southwest petroleum university(natural science edition),2012,34(4):165-173(in Chinese)).
[16]孙靖云,陈利琼,夏燕,等.地震载荷工况下隧道内油气管道应力分析研究[J].应用力学学报,2017,34(4):795-801.(SUNJingyun,CHEN Liqiong,XIA Yan,et al.Study on stress analysis of oil and gas pipeline in tunnel under seismic load conditions[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2017,34(4):795-801(in Chinese)).
[17]上官方媛,黄坤,吴世娟,等.澜沧江跨越管段天然气管道落石条件下应力分析[J].应用力学学报,2017,34(3):483-488.(SHANGGUAN Fangyuan,HUANG Kun,WU Shijuan,et al.The Lancang river cross section gas piping stress analysis under the condition of rock fall[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2017,34(3):483-488(in Chinese)).
[18]李炎隆,陈波,马成成,等.基于ABAQUS的降雨入渗条件下基坑边坡稳定性分析[J].应用力学学报,2017,34(1):155-161.(LIYanlong,CHEN Bo,MA Chengcheng,et al.Analysis of slope stability of foundation pit based on ABAQUS rainfall infiltration[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2017,34(1):155-161(in Chinese)).
[2]WIESE J D.Pipeline safety:potential for damage to pipeline facilities cause by flooding[J].Transportation department documents and publications,2011,23(7):89-93.
[3]BABAYAN N.Russian experts blame summer floods for Caucasus gas pipeline accident[J].BBC monitoring former soviet union-political,2003,12(8):514-517.
[4]ABHARY K,NOURBAKHSH A,LOUNG L L H S.An exact analytical method for stress analysis of pipelines[J].International journal of pressure vessels&piping,1999,76(8):561-565.
[5]梅云新.马惠宁管道地质灾害类型及水工保护问题[J].油气储运,2003,22(11):35-38.(MEI Yunxin.Geology hazards classification on MaHuiNing oil pipeline and hydrotechnological protection of the pipeline[J].Oil and gas storage and transportation,2003,22(11):35-38(in Chinese)).
[6]张乐天,刘扬,魏立新,等.洪水冲击管道的模拟分析[J].管道技术与设备,2006(2):11-13.(ZHANG Letian,LIU Yang,WEILixin,et al.Simulation and analysis of flood impact pipelines[J].Pipeline technology and equipment,2006(2):11-13(in Chinese)).
[7]梁政.地质灾害下油气管道力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2016:14-15.(LIANG Zheng.Oil and gas pipeline mechanics under geological hazards[M].Beijing:Science Press,2016:14-15(in Chinese)).
[8]王海兰,马廷霞,徐洪敏,等.输油悬空管道洪水冲刷作用下的安全评价[J].石油机械,2015,43(1):112-118.(WANG Hailan,MA Tingxia,XU Hongmin,et al.Safety evaluation of flooded pipe in flooded pipeline[J].Petroleum engineering and petrochemicals,2015,43(1):112-118(in Chinese)).
[9]杨胜.海底管道剩余强度与寿命评价方法研究[D].淄博:山东理工大学,2014.(YANG Sheng.Evaluation method of residual strength and life span of submarine pipeline[D].Zibo:Shandong University of Technology,2014(in Chinese)).
[10]桑文慧,孙志强,周孑民.有限流道内低雷诺数二维圆柱绕流数值模拟[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(3):383-387.(SANG Wenhui,SUN Zhiqiang,ZHOU Jiemin.Numerical simulation of low Reynolds number two-dimensional cylindrical flow in finite flow channel[J].Journal of central south university(natural science),2012,43(3):383-387(in Chinese)).
[11]谭东杰,施宁,李亮亮,等.洪水冲击流动管道基于DQM的临界长度研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(4):173-179.(TAN DongJie,SHI Ning,LI Liangliang,et al.Study on critical length of flood-impact flow pipeline based on DQM[J].Journal of southwest petroleum university(natural science),2013,35(4):173-179(in Chinese)).
[12]黄坤,卢泓方,吴世娟,等.穿越滑坡体埋地输气管道应力分析[J].应用力学学报,2015,32(4):689-693.(HUANG Kun,LU Hongfang,WU Shijuan,et al.Analysis of stress in buried gas pipelines crossing landslide[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2015,32(4):689-693(in Chinese)).
[13]付冉,姚安林.水网地区漂浮输气管道应力分析[J].天然气与石油,2015,33(4):12-16.(FU Ran,YAO Anlin.Stress analysis of floating gas pipeline in water network area[J].Natural gas and oil,2015,33(4):12-16(in Chinese)).
[14]竺艳蓉.海洋工程波浪力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1991.(ZHU Yanrong.Ocean engineering wave mechanics[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,1991(in Chinese)).
[15]马廷霞,吴锦强,唐愚,等.成品油管道的极限悬空长度研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(4):165-173.(MA Tingxia,WU Jinqiang,TANG Yu,et al.Study on the ultimate suspension length of refined oil pipeline[J].Journal of southwest petroleum university(natural science edition),2012,34(4):165-173(in Chinese)).
[16]孙靖云,陈利琼,夏燕,等.地震载荷工况下隧道内油气管道应力分析研究[J].应用力学学报,2017,34(4):795-801.(SUNJingyun,CHEN Liqiong,XIA Yan,et al.Study on stress analysis of oil and gas pipeline in tunnel under seismic load conditions[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2017,34(4):795-801(in Chinese)).
[17]上官方媛,黄坤,吴世娟,等.澜沧江跨越管段天然气管道落石条件下应力分析[J].应用力学学报,2017,34(3):483-488.(SHANGGUAN Fangyuan,HUANG Kun,WU Shijuan,et al.The Lancang river cross section gas piping stress analysis under the condition of rock fall[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2017,34(3):483-488(in Chinese)).
[18]李炎隆,陈波,马成成,等.基于ABAQUS的降雨入渗条件下基坑边坡稳定性分析[J].应用力学学报,2017,34(1):155-161.(LIYanlong,CHEN Bo,MA Chengcheng,et al.Analysis of slope stability of foundation pit based on ABAQUS rainfall infiltration[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2017,34(1):155-161(in Chinese)).