1996—2016年西藏定结地区风沙地貌格局与变化
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摘要
依据1996—2016年定结地区Landsat4-5 TM、MSS、Landsat7 ETM、Landsat8 OLI共6期遥感影像,结合野外实地考察,对西藏定结地区风沙地貌特征及近20 a来风沙地貌格局动态变化进行了定量研究。结果表明:(1)定结地区风沙地貌类型主要有爬坡沙丘、谷坡灌丛沙堆、新月形沙丘、平沙地及谷底灌丛沙堆,主要沿朋曲河、协林藏布、叶如藏布、吉隆藏布及曲强藏布等河谷呈条带状分布并集中在宽谷段,同时在登么错、强左错、共左错及错母折林等湖泊周围呈小面积零星分布。(2) 1996—2016年定结地区风沙地貌格局变化分为两个阶段:1996—2004年呈扩张趋势,年转换率为0. 87,面积增加量为151. 2 km2; 2004—2016年呈逆转趋势,年转换率为-0. 59,面积减少量为276. 6 km2。整体而言,1996—2016年总面积转化率为-0. 27,风沙地貌面积呈先扩张后缩减趋势,转移矩阵分析流动沙地向固定、半固定沙地转移较多,这种变化特征与转移方向印证了青藏高原气候暖湿性愈发显著的趋势。
In this paper,we took the Dingjie area,Tibet,China,as the study area,used the Landsat4-5 TM,MSSS,Landsat7 ETM,Landsat8 OLI data sets as well as the field observation data in 2016 and 2017. The geomorphologic types and distribution characteristics of the aeolian landform,as well as the change trends,were analyzed using the geographic information tools such as ENVI and GIS combined with GoogleEarth for the visual interpretation of remotely sensed image data,the calculation of annual conversion rate and the analysis of transfer matrix. It is concluded that the change of aeolian landform geomorphological pattern is a positive response to the climate change,which is the main reason for the change. In Dingjie area,the climbing dune,the coppice dune on the valley slope,the crescent dune,the flat sand land and the coppice dune on the valley bottom are mainly distributed like strips in the broad sections of the valleys along the Pengqu,the Xilinzangbu,Yeruzangbu,the Jilongzangbu,and the Quqiangzangbu River. At the same time,there are small dunes distributed sporadically around the lakes including Dengmu Lake,Qiangzuo Lake,Gongzuo Lake and Cuomuzhelin Lake. From 1996 to 2016,the geomorphological pattern of aeolian landform in the Dingjie area was expanded first and then reduced. The area of moving dunes was decreased,while the area of fixed dunes,the semi-fixed dune and the coppice dune was increased. The transition direction is mainly from moving dune to fixed dune,semi-fixed dune and the coppice dune. The characteristics and direction of this change confirmed the trend of climate warming and wet in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. This study enriches the research contents of aeolian landforms in Dingjie area and provides a theoretical reference for the study of wind-sand geomorphology and the control of wind-sand.
In this paper,we took the Dingjie area,Tibet,China,as the study area,used the Landsat4-5 TM,MSSS,Landsat7 ETM,Landsat8 OLI data sets as well as the field observation data in 2016 and 2017. The geomorphologic types and distribution characteristics of the aeolian landform,as well as the change trends,were analyzed using the geographic information tools such as ENVI and GIS combined with GoogleEarth for the visual interpretation of remotely sensed image data,the calculation of annual conversion rate and the analysis of transfer matrix. It is concluded that the change of aeolian landform geomorphological pattern is a positive response to the climate change,which is the main reason for the change. In Dingjie area,the climbing dune,the coppice dune on the valley slope,the crescent dune,the flat sand land and the coppice dune on the valley bottom are mainly distributed like strips in the broad sections of the valleys along the Pengqu,the Xilinzangbu,Yeruzangbu,the Jilongzangbu,and the Quqiangzangbu River. At the same time,there are small dunes distributed sporadically around the lakes including Dengmu Lake,Qiangzuo Lake,Gongzuo Lake and Cuomuzhelin Lake. From 1996 to 2016,the geomorphological pattern of aeolian landform in the Dingjie area was expanded first and then reduced. The area of moving dunes was decreased,while the area of fixed dunes,the semi-fixed dune and the coppice dune was increased. The transition direction is mainly from moving dune to fixed dune,semi-fixed dune and the coppice dune. The characteristics and direction of this change confirmed the trend of climate warming and wet in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. This study enriches the research contents of aeolian landforms in Dingjie area and provides a theoretical reference for the study of wind-sand geomorphology and the control of wind-sand.
引文
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