土壤风蚀新技术应用研究进展
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摘要
土壤风蚀是全球性的生态环境问题。本文从土壤风蚀的发展历程出发,阐述了定性研究、定量研究"3S"等新技术在土壤风蚀中的应用,总结了国内外不同时期取得的代表性研究成果,探讨了"3S"在对风蚀模型应用中的重大意义,并且讨论了在已有的土壤风蚀研究中需要注重的热点问题。在此基础上,对土壤风蚀以后的研究方向进行了展望。
Soil wind erosion is a global ecoenvironment problem. Based on the development process of soil wind erosion,the application of"3S"new technology with qualitative research and quantitative research has been described,the representative research achievements obtained in different periods at home and abroad have been summarized,the important significance of "3S"technology in application of wind erosion mode has been discussed,and the hot issues have been discussed which need to be paid much attentions in soil wind erosion research. On this basis,the subsequent research direction of soil wind erosion has been prospected.
Soil wind erosion is a global ecoenvironment problem. Based on the development process of soil wind erosion,the application of"3S"new technology with qualitative research and quantitative research has been described,the representative research achievements obtained in different periods at home and abroad have been summarized,the important significance of "3S"technology in application of wind erosion mode has been discussed,and the hot issues have been discussed which need to be paid much attentions in soil wind erosion research. On this basis,the subsequent research direction of soil wind erosion has been prospected.
引文
[1]蕫光荣,李长治,高尚玉,等.关于土壤风蚀风洞模拟实验的某些结果[J].科学通报,1987,32(4):297-301.
[2]朱朝云,丁国栋,杨明远.风沙物理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1992.
[3]Oldeman L R,Hakkeling R T A,Sombroek W G.World map of the status of humaninduced soil degradation[Z].UNEP/ISRIC,Nairobi,Kenya,1990.
[4]Chepil W S.Factors that influence clod structure and erodibility of soil by wind sand,silt and clay[J].Soil Science,1955,80:155-162.
[5]Woodruff N P,Siddoway F H.A wind erosion equation[J].Proceedings of the Soil Science Society of America,1965,29(5):602-608.
[6]Bocharov A P.A Description of Devices Used in the Study of Wind Erosion of Soils[M].New Delhi:Oxonian Press,Pvt,Ltd.,1984.
[7]Hagen L J.A wind erosion prediction system to meet the user's need[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1991,46(2):106-111.
[8]Skidmore E L.Soil erosion by wind:an overview.In:El-Baz F and Hassan M H A(eds.)Physics of desertification[J].Dordrecht:Martinus Nijhoff,1986.261-273.
[9]Udden J A.Erosion,transportation and sedimentation performed by the atmosphere[J].Journal of Geology,1894,2:318-331.
[10]董治宝,李振山.国外土壤风蚀的研究历史与特点[J].中国沙漠,1995,15(1):100-104.
[11]Free E E.The movement of soil material by the wind[A].Pye K.,Tsoar H.Aeolian sand and sand dunes[C].London:Unwin Hyman,1990.45-78.
[12]Bagnold R A.A future journey through the Libyan Desert[J].Geographical Journal,1933,82:103-129.
[13]Chepil W S,Milne R A.Wind erosion of soil in relation to roughness of surface[J].Soil Science,1941,52:417-431.
[14]Chepil W S.Properties of soil which influence wind erosion.I.The governing principle of surface roughness[J].Soil Science,1950,69:149-162.
[15]Chepil W S.Properties of soil which influence wind erosion.II.Dry aggregate structure as an index of erodibility[J].Soil Science,1950,69:403-414.
[16]Chepil W S.Properties of soil which influence wind erosion.IV.State of dry aggregate structure[J].Soil Science,1951,72(5):387-401.
[17]Chepil W S.Properties of soil which influence wind erosion.V.Mechanical stability of structure[J].Soil Science,1951,72(6):465-478.
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[22]贺大良,邹本功,李长治,等.地表风蚀过程风洞实验的初步研究[J].中国沙漠,1986,6(1):25-31.
[23]陈广庭.北京平原土壤机械组成和抗风蚀能力的分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,1991,5(1):103-113
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[25]董治宝,李振山.风成沙粒度特征对其风蚀可蚀性的影响[J].水土保持学报,1998,4(4):1-5.
[26]哈斯.坝上高原土壤不可蚀性颗粒与耕作方式对风蚀的影响[J].中国沙漠,1994,14(4):92-97.
[27]董治宝.建立小流域风蚀量统计模型初探[J].水土保持通报,1998,18(5):55-62.
[28]Chepil W S,Woodruff N P.Sedimentary characteristics of dust storms:ш.Composition of suspended dust[J].Am.J.Sci.,1958,255:206-213.
[29]Skidmore E L,Tatarko J.Stochastic wind simulation for erosion modeling[J].Trans.Am.Soc.Agric.Engin.,1990,33(6):1893-1899.
[30]Hagen L J.Wind erosion:emission rates and transport capacities on rough surfaces[Z].ASAE paper no.912082,1991.
[31]Hagen L J.Wind erosion mechanics:abrasion of aggregated soil[J].Trans.Am.Soc.Agrie.Engin.,1991,34(4):831-837.
[32]王训明,董治宝,武生智.土壤风蚀过程的一类随机模型[J].水土保持通报,2001,21(1):19-22.
[33]臧英.保护性耕作防治土壤风蚀的试验研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2003.68-83.
[34]严平,董光荣,张信宝.青海共和盆地土壤风蚀的137Cs法研究(II)—137Cs背景值与风蚀速率测定[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(4):391-397.
[35]张春来.现代沙质荒漠化(沙漠化)动力机制若干问题研究[D].北京:中国科学院,2002.
[36]Shao Y P,Raupach M R,Leys J F.A model for prediction aeolian sand drift and dust entrainment on scales form paddock to region[J].Australia Journal of Soil Research,1996,34:309-402.
[37]张国平,张增祥,刘纪远.中国土壤风力侵蚀空间格局及驱动因子分析[J].地理学报,2001,56(2):146-158.
[38]张增祥,周全斌,刘斌.中国北方沙尘灾害特点及其下垫面状况的遥感监测[J].遥感学报,2001,5(5):377-382.
[39]Lu H,Shao Y P.Toward quantitative prediction of dust storms:An integrated wind erosion modeling system and its application[J].Environmental Modeling and Software,2001,16(3):233-249.
[40]Chappell A.Using remote sensing and geostatistics to map 137Cs-derived net soil flux in the south-west Niger[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1998,39:441-455.
[41]刘连友.区域风沙蚀积量和蚀积强度初步研究——以晋陕蒙接壤区为例[J].地理学报,1999.54(1):59-64.
[42]郑新江,陆文杰,罗敬宁.气象卫呈多通道信总监测沙尘暴的研究[J].遥感学报,2001,5(4):300-305.
[43]吴薇,王熙章,姚发芬.毛乌素沙地沙漠化的遥感监测[J].中国沙漠,1997,17(4):83-88.
[44]吴薇.沙漠化遥感动态监测的方法与实践[J].遥感技术与应用,1997,12(4):15-21.
[45]王让会,樊自立.利用遥感和GIS研究塔里木河下游阿拉干地区土地沙漠化[J].遥感学报,1998,2(2):137-142.
[46]王让会,宋郁东,樊自立,等.3S技术在新疆塔里木河下游生态环境动态研究中的应用[J].南京林业大学学报,2000,24(4):59-63.
[47]张国平.基于遥感和GIS的中国土壤风力侵蚀研究[D].北京:中国科学院,2002.
[48]赵峰,韩煜.基于Region Manager的北京土壤可风蚀性研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(6):24-27.
[49]高尚玉,张春来,邹学勇.京津风沙源治理工程效益[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.38-41.
[50]师华定,高庆先,齐永清.蒙古高原土壤风蚀危险度的FCM模糊聚类研究[J].自然资源学报,2009,24(5):881-888.
[51]朱金花,黎劲松.基于遥感与GIS技术的吉林省西部土地沙漠化现状及发展趋势研究[J].地理科学,2001,21(2):140-144.
[52]姚正毅,王涛,朱开文.内蒙古阿拉善盟2000年土地沙漠化遥感监测[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,5(5):47-51.
[53]马金辉,蔡迪花,肖桐.鄂尔多斯地区沙漠化遥感定量评价[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2007 43(4):1-6.
[54]曾永年,冯兆东.黄河源区土地沙漠化时空变化遥感分析[J].地理学报,2007,62(5):529-536.
[55]吴薇,倪晋仁,刘荣霞,等.基于土地利用结构变化的沙漠化动态评估—以内蒙古自治区奈曼旗为例[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(4):481-488.
[56]刘志明,晏明,李铁强,等.遥感与GIS支持下的松嫩平原农牧交错区土地沙漠化调查研究[J].第四纪研究,2004,(3):348-354.
[57]沙占江,曾永年,李玲琴,等.土地沙漠化动态监测的遥感与GIS一体化探讨-以龙羊峡库区为例[J].干旱区地理,2000,23(3):274-278.
[58]李凤霞,唐红玉,苏文将,等.青海省龙羊峡库区沙漠化遥感监测[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(6):83-87.
[59]陈雅琳,常学礼,崔步礼,等.库布齐沙漠典型地区沙漠化动态分析[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(1):27-34.
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[2]朱朝云,丁国栋,杨明远.风沙物理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1992.
[3]Oldeman L R,Hakkeling R T A,Sombroek W G.World map of the status of humaninduced soil degradation[Z].UNEP/ISRIC,Nairobi,Kenya,1990.
[4]Chepil W S.Factors that influence clod structure and erodibility of soil by wind sand,silt and clay[J].Soil Science,1955,80:155-162.
[5]Woodruff N P,Siddoway F H.A wind erosion equation[J].Proceedings of the Soil Science Society of America,1965,29(5):602-608.
[6]Bocharov A P.A Description of Devices Used in the Study of Wind Erosion of Soils[M].New Delhi:Oxonian Press,Pvt,Ltd.,1984.
[7]Hagen L J.A wind erosion prediction system to meet the user's need[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1991,46(2):106-111.
[8]Skidmore E L.Soil erosion by wind:an overview.In:El-Baz F and Hassan M H A(eds.)Physics of desertification[J].Dordrecht:Martinus Nijhoff,1986.261-273.
[9]Udden J A.Erosion,transportation and sedimentation performed by the atmosphere[J].Journal of Geology,1894,2:318-331.
[10]董治宝,李振山.国外土壤风蚀的研究历史与特点[J].中国沙漠,1995,15(1):100-104.
[11]Free E E.The movement of soil material by the wind[A].Pye K.,Tsoar H.Aeolian sand and sand dunes[C].London:Unwin Hyman,1990.45-78.
[12]Bagnold R A.A future journey through the Libyan Desert[J].Geographical Journal,1933,82:103-129.
[13]Chepil W S,Milne R A.Wind erosion of soil in relation to roughness of surface[J].Soil Science,1941,52:417-431.
[14]Chepil W S.Properties of soil which influence wind erosion.I.The governing principle of surface roughness[J].Soil Science,1950,69:149-162.
[15]Chepil W S.Properties of soil which influence wind erosion.II.Dry aggregate structure as an index of erodibility[J].Soil Science,1950,69:403-414.
[16]Chepil W S.Properties of soil which influence wind erosion.IV.State of dry aggregate structure[J].Soil Science,1951,72(5):387-401.
[17]Chepil W S.Properties of soil which influence wind erosion.V.Mechanical stability of structure[J].Soil Science,1951,72(6):465-478.
[18]张伟.基于遥感的土壤风蚀模型研究与应用——以新疆兵团农一师垦区为例[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.1-87.
[19]朱震达,刘恕,邸醒民.中国的沙漠化及其治理[M].北京:科学出版社,1989.
[20]吴正,凌裕泉.风沙运动的若干规律及防止危害问题的初步研究[J].治沙研究,1965,(7):7-14.
[21]朱震达,陈治平,吴正,等.塔克拉玛干风沙地貌研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1981.96-106.
[22]贺大良,邹本功,李长治,等.地表风蚀过程风洞实验的初步研究[J].中国沙漠,1986,6(1):25-31.
[23]陈广庭.北京平原土壤机械组成和抗风蚀能力的分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,1991,5(1):103-113
[24]董治宝,李振山.六道沟流域土壤水分抗风蚀性分析[J].中国沙漠,1996,16(3):275-279.
[25]董治宝,李振山.风成沙粒度特征对其风蚀可蚀性的影响[J].水土保持学报,1998,4(4):1-5.
[26]哈斯.坝上高原土壤不可蚀性颗粒与耕作方式对风蚀的影响[J].中国沙漠,1994,14(4):92-97.
[27]董治宝.建立小流域风蚀量统计模型初探[J].水土保持通报,1998,18(5):55-62.
[28]Chepil W S,Woodruff N P.Sedimentary characteristics of dust storms:ш.Composition of suspended dust[J].Am.J.Sci.,1958,255:206-213.
[29]Skidmore E L,Tatarko J.Stochastic wind simulation for erosion modeling[J].Trans.Am.Soc.Agric.Engin.,1990,33(6):1893-1899.
[30]Hagen L J.Wind erosion:emission rates and transport capacities on rough surfaces[Z].ASAE paper no.912082,1991.
[31]Hagen L J.Wind erosion mechanics:abrasion of aggregated soil[J].Trans.Am.Soc.Agrie.Engin.,1991,34(4):831-837.
[32]王训明,董治宝,武生智.土壤风蚀过程的一类随机模型[J].水土保持通报,2001,21(1):19-22.
[33]臧英.保护性耕作防治土壤风蚀的试验研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2003.68-83.
[34]严平,董光荣,张信宝.青海共和盆地土壤风蚀的137Cs法研究(II)—137Cs背景值与风蚀速率测定[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(4):391-397.
[35]张春来.现代沙质荒漠化(沙漠化)动力机制若干问题研究[D].北京:中国科学院,2002.
[36]Shao Y P,Raupach M R,Leys J F.A model for prediction aeolian sand drift and dust entrainment on scales form paddock to region[J].Australia Journal of Soil Research,1996,34:309-402.
[37]张国平,张增祥,刘纪远.中国土壤风力侵蚀空间格局及驱动因子分析[J].地理学报,2001,56(2):146-158.
[38]张增祥,周全斌,刘斌.中国北方沙尘灾害特点及其下垫面状况的遥感监测[J].遥感学报,2001,5(5):377-382.
[39]Lu H,Shao Y P.Toward quantitative prediction of dust storms:An integrated wind erosion modeling system and its application[J].Environmental Modeling and Software,2001,16(3):233-249.
[40]Chappell A.Using remote sensing and geostatistics to map 137Cs-derived net soil flux in the south-west Niger[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1998,39:441-455.
[41]刘连友.区域风沙蚀积量和蚀积强度初步研究——以晋陕蒙接壤区为例[J].地理学报,1999.54(1):59-64.
[42]郑新江,陆文杰,罗敬宁.气象卫呈多通道信总监测沙尘暴的研究[J].遥感学报,2001,5(4):300-305.
[43]吴薇,王熙章,姚发芬.毛乌素沙地沙漠化的遥感监测[J].中国沙漠,1997,17(4):83-88.
[44]吴薇.沙漠化遥感动态监测的方法与实践[J].遥感技术与应用,1997,12(4):15-21.
[45]王让会,樊自立.利用遥感和GIS研究塔里木河下游阿拉干地区土地沙漠化[J].遥感学报,1998,2(2):137-142.
[46]王让会,宋郁东,樊自立,等.3S技术在新疆塔里木河下游生态环境动态研究中的应用[J].南京林业大学学报,2000,24(4):59-63.
[47]张国平.基于遥感和GIS的中国土壤风力侵蚀研究[D].北京:中国科学院,2002.
[48]赵峰,韩煜.基于Region Manager的北京土壤可风蚀性研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(6):24-27.
[49]高尚玉,张春来,邹学勇.京津风沙源治理工程效益[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.38-41.
[50]师华定,高庆先,齐永清.蒙古高原土壤风蚀危险度的FCM模糊聚类研究[J].自然资源学报,2009,24(5):881-888.
[51]朱金花,黎劲松.基于遥感与GIS技术的吉林省西部土地沙漠化现状及发展趋势研究[J].地理科学,2001,21(2):140-144.
[52]姚正毅,王涛,朱开文.内蒙古阿拉善盟2000年土地沙漠化遥感监测[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,5(5):47-51.
[53]马金辉,蔡迪花,肖桐.鄂尔多斯地区沙漠化遥感定量评价[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2007 43(4):1-6.
[54]曾永年,冯兆东.黄河源区土地沙漠化时空变化遥感分析[J].地理学报,2007,62(5):529-536.
[55]吴薇,倪晋仁,刘荣霞,等.基于土地利用结构变化的沙漠化动态评估—以内蒙古自治区奈曼旗为例[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(4):481-488.
[56]刘志明,晏明,李铁强,等.遥感与GIS支持下的松嫩平原农牧交错区土地沙漠化调查研究[J].第四纪研究,2004,(3):348-354.
[57]沙占江,曾永年,李玲琴,等.土地沙漠化动态监测的遥感与GIS一体化探讨-以龙羊峡库区为例[J].干旱区地理,2000,23(3):274-278.
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