中国能源资源基地分布与管理政策研究
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摘要
能源资源基地是我国矿产资源安全保障的战略核心区域,肩负着保障国家资源安全的重要使命,对优化矿产资源空间开发格局、转变矿业发展方式、推动矿业高质量发展具有重要意义。本文以《全国矿产资源规划(2016—2020年)》中提出的103个能源资源基地为研究对象,对基地的内涵和定位、基本理论支撑、建设任务以及划定原则等进行了探讨,从矿种和地域两方面分析了能源资源基地的分布态势,提出基地划定与管理中存在的问题,包括管理上没有纳入省级发展规划,建设规划编制不到位,与国家规划矿区不匹配和激励政策不具体等。从落实方案、监管政策、激励政策、机制建设、保障体系等五个方面提出了推动能源资源基地建设的政策建议,以期为矿产资源战略规划管理提供支撑。
Energy resource bases are strategic core areas for guaranteeing China's mineral resources security. They shoulder the important mission of ensuring national resources security, and play a significant role in optimizing the spatial development pattern of mineral resources, changing the development mode of mining industry, and promoting high-quality development of the mining industry. In this study, the 103 energy resource bases proposed in National Mineral Resources Planning(2016–2020) were taken as the research objects. The connotation, strategic positioning, basic theoretical foundation, construction tasks, and delimitation principles of the bases were discussed. The distribution situation of the bases was analyzed from the aspects of mineral species as well as regions.Meanwhile, the problems in the delimitation and management of the bases were put forward. For example, their administration has not been included in the provincial development plans, construction plans of the bases are not well formulated, the bases do not match with the state planned mining areas, and incentive policies for the bases are not specific. To provide support for the strategic planning and management of mineral resources, policy suggestions for promoting the construction of energy resource bases were proposed from five aspects: implementation plan, supervision policy, incentive policy, mechanism construction, and security system.
Energy resource bases are strategic core areas for guaranteeing China's mineral resources security. They shoulder the important mission of ensuring national resources security, and play a significant role in optimizing the spatial development pattern of mineral resources, changing the development mode of mining industry, and promoting high-quality development of the mining industry. In this study, the 103 energy resource bases proposed in National Mineral Resources Planning(2016–2020) were taken as the research objects. The connotation, strategic positioning, basic theoretical foundation, construction tasks, and delimitation principles of the bases were discussed. The distribution situation of the bases was analyzed from the aspects of mineral species as well as regions.Meanwhile, the problems in the delimitation and management of the bases were put forward. For example, their administration has not been included in the provincial development plans, construction plans of the bases are not well formulated, the bases do not match with the state planned mining areas, and incentive policies for the bases are not specific. To provide support for the strategic planning and management of mineral resources, policy suggestions for promoting the construction of energy resource bases were proposed from five aspects: implementation plan, supervision policy, incentive policy, mechanism construction, and security system.
引文
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[2]宏源,余博闻.资源自立与全球治理--欧盟矿产资源安全战略评析[J].欧洲研究,2017,35(2):85-104.Hong Y,Yu B W.Resource independence and global governance:An analysis of the EU’s mineral resources security[J].Chinese Journal of European Studies,2017,35(2):85-104.
[3]Villalobos F,Lira-Noriega A,Soberon J,et al.Range-diversity plots for conservation assessments:Using richness and rarity in priority setting[J].Biological Conservation,2013,158(2):313-320.
[4]Blasi C,Marignani M,Copiz R,et al.Important plant areas in Italy:From data to mapping[J].Biological Conservation,2011,144(1):220-226.
[5]Smith C M,Brummitt N A,Oliveira-Filho A T,et al.Plant diversity hotspots in the Atlantic coastal forests of Brazil[J].Conservation Biology,2009,23(1):151-163.
[6]翟中齐.中国林业地理概论--布局与区划理论[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.Zhai Z Q.Outline of Chinese forestry geography-Theory of layout and regionalization[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2003.
[7]万忠成,王治江,王延松,等.辽宁省生态功能分区与生态服务功能重要区域[J].气象与环境学报,2006(5):69-71.Wan Z C,Wang Z J,Wang Y S,et al.Ecological function divisions and the key regions based on ecological service function in Liaoning province[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2006(5):69-71.
[8]武建勇,薛达元,王爱华,等.生物多样性重要区域识别--国外案例、国内研究进展[J].生态学报,2016,36(10):3108-3114.Wu J Y,Xue D Y,Wang A H,et al.Case studies on the identification of key biodiversity areas(KBAs)in foreign countries and progress and prospects in China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(10):3108-3114.
[9]刘广超,陈建伟.我国西部地区生物多样性热点地区的评定与划分[J].西部林业科学,2004,33(3):18-25.Liu G C,Chen J W.Assessment and classification of biodiversity hot spots of west China[J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,2004,33(3):18-25.
[10]吴波,朱春全,李迪强,等.长江上游森林生态区生物多样性保护优先区确定--基于生态区保护方法[J].生物多样性,2006,14(2):87-97.Wu B,Zhu C Q,Li D Q,et al.Setting biodiversity conservation priorities in the forests of the upper Yangtze ecoregion based on ecoregion conservation methodology[J].Biodiversity Science,2006,14(2):87-97.
[11]刘敏超,李迪强,温琰茂,等.基于GIS的三江源地区物种多样性保护优先性分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2006,20(4):51-54.Liu M C,Li D Q,Wen Y M,et al.Assessment of the priorities of species diversity conservation in Sanjiangyuan region by GIS[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2006,20(4):51-54.
[12]姚予龙,谷树忠.资源安全机理及其经济学解释[J].资源科学,2002,24(5):46-51.Yao Y L,Gu S Z.Mechanism and economic definition of resources security[J].Resources Science,2002,24(5):46-51.
[13]邓光君.国家矿产资源安全的经济学思考[J].中国国土资源经济,2009,22(1):26-28,47.Deng G J.Economic analysis on national security of mineral resources[J].Natural Resource Economics of China,2009,22(1):26-28,47.
[14]张光进,徐逢祺,陈宏波.矿产资源安全观新解及其管理要义探析[J].中国国土资源经济,2013,26(3):26-30.Zhang G J,Xu F Q,Chen H B.New understanding about mineral resources safety view and analysis on its management essence[J].Natural Resource Economics of China,2013,26(3):26-30.
[15]Meyer-Stamer J.Path dependence in regional development:Persistence and change in three industrial clusters in Santa Catarina,Brazil[J].World Development,1998,26(8):1495-1511.