海水飞溅区含镍钢的锈层及耐蚀性研究
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摘要
通过海水飞溅区暴露实验,获得了两种含镍钢和碳钢3 a的腐蚀结果。采用X射线衍射(XRD)和电子探针显微分析(EPMA)技术,研究了含镍钢飞溅区锈层的特性,讨论了Ni对钢飞溅区锈层及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,添加2%~3%Ni,使钢锈层中的裂纹和孔洞减小,锈层的致密度提高;外锈层中的α-FeOOH的含量增加。2%~3%Ni的加入有利于盐分中的Na~+和Mg~(2+)向锈层和钢基体界面渗透,对Cl~-的渗透有抑制作用。添加3%Ni,使钢的蚀孔中的Cl~-富集程度显著降低。加入2%~3%Ni能大幅度提高钢在飞溅区的耐蚀性。
Corrosion results of 2 types of steels containing Ni and carbon steel for 3 a were obtained by being exposed in the marine splash zone. Character of the rust layer and corrosion resistance of steels containing Ni were studied through X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA), meanwhile, effect of Ni on the rust layer and corrosion resistance of the steels exposed to splash zone was discussed. The results indicated:by adding 2% ~3% Ni, the cracks and holes in the rust layer were reduced and the density of the rust layer were improved, meanwhile, the α-Fe OOH contents in the outer rust layer were raise. Addition of 2% ~3% Ni to the steels was beneficial to the penetration of Na+and Mg++of the salts to the rust layer and interface with the steel substrate while inhibiting the penetration of Cl-. When 3% Ni was added, enrichment degree of Cl in the pits of the steel was significantly decreased. Corrosion resistance of the steels in splash zone was dramatically improved by adding 2% to 3%Ni.
Corrosion results of 2 types of steels containing Ni and carbon steel for 3 a were obtained by being exposed in the marine splash zone. Character of the rust layer and corrosion resistance of steels containing Ni were studied through X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA), meanwhile, effect of Ni on the rust layer and corrosion resistance of the steels exposed to splash zone was discussed. The results indicated:by adding 2% ~3% Ni, the cracks and holes in the rust layer were reduced and the density of the rust layer were improved, meanwhile, the α-Fe OOH contents in the outer rust layer were raise. Addition of 2% ~3% Ni to the steels was beneficial to the penetration of Na+and Mg++of the salts to the rust layer and interface with the steel substrate while inhibiting the penetration of Cl-. When 3% Ni was added, enrichment degree of Cl in the pits of the steel was significantly decreased. Corrosion resistance of the steels in splash zone was dramatically improved by adding 2% to 3%Ni.
引文
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[2]Zhang G H,Cheng L,Li Y,et al.Progress on marine corrosion resistant steels[J].Mater.China,2014,33:426(张国宏,成林,李钰等.海洋耐蚀钢的国内外进展[J].中国材料进展,2014,33:426)
[3]Zhang M Y,Dai R H,Lin D Y,et al.A study of low alloy corrosion resistance steel 10Cr Cu Si V for ocean engineering structures[J].Ocean Eng.,1983,(4):51(张明洋,戴如华,林定一等.海洋工程结构用耐蚀低合金钢10Cr Cu Si V的研制[J].海洋工程,1983,(4):51)
[4]Usami A,Kihira H,Kusunoki T.3%-Ni weathering steel plate for uncoated bridges at high airborne salt environment[R].Nippon Steel Technical Report No.87.2003:21
[5]Kado S,Watanabe T.Sea water corrosion of low alloy steels[J].Jpn.Soc.Corros.Eng.,1976,25:173(門智,渡辺常安.低合金鋼の海水腐食[J].防食技術,1976,25:173)
[6]Cao G L,Li G M,Chen S,et al.Study on rust layers and pitting corrosion resistance of Ni-Cu-P steel exposed in marine splash zone[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2011,47:145(曹国良,李国明,陈珊等.海水飞溅区Ni-Cu-P钢的锈层和耐点蚀性能研究[J].金属学报,2011,47:145)
[7]Yang G H,Liu Q Y,Wang X D,et al.The progress of investigation on weathering steel and its rust layer[J].J.Chin.Soc.Corros.Prot.,2007,27:367(杨景红,刘清友,王向东等.耐候钢及其腐蚀产物的研究概况[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2007,27:367)
[8]Dillmann P,Mazaudier F,H?rléS.Advances in understanding atmospheric corrosion of iron.I.Rust characterisation of ancient ferrous artefacts exposed to indoor atmospheric corrosion[J].Corros.Sci.,2004,46:1401
[9]Cui X L,Wang X R,Ma J H,et al.Corrosion resistance of 15MnMo VN steel exposed in marine splash zone[J].J.Iron Steel Res.,1995,7:43(崔秀岭,王相润,马巾华等.飞溅区15Mn Mo VN钢锈层的研究[J].钢铁研究学报,1995,7:43)
[10]Liu D Y,Wei K J,Li W J,et al.Analysis for the reason of corrosion resistance"reversion"of containing chromium low alloy steels in seawater[J].J.Chin.Soc.Corros.Prot.,2003,23:7(刘大扬,魏开金,李文军等.含铬低合金钢在海水中耐蚀性“逆转”原因分析[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2003,23:7)
[11]Kimura M,Kihira H.Nanoscopic mechanism of protective rust formation on weathering steel surfaces[R].Nippon Steel Technical Report No.91.2005:86
[12]Cao C N.Principles of Electrochemistry of Corrosion[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2004:276(曹楚南.腐蚀电化学原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:276)
[13]Liu G C,Dong J H,Han E-H,et al.Progress in research on rust layer of weathering steel[J].Corros.Sci.Prot.Technol.,2006,18:268(刘国超,董俊华,韩恩厚等.耐候钢锈层研究进展[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2006,18:268)