有机-无机复合钙钛矿单晶材料的研究进展
|
摘要
由于具有可调谐的光学带隙、较高的载流子迁移率、高外量子效率、较长的载流子寿命和载流子扩散长度等优点,新型有机-无机复合钙钛矿材料在太阳能电池、光电探测器、LED等光电领域展现出潜在的应用优势。自2009年第一块钙钛矿太阳能电池获得了3.8%的光电转换效率以来,钙钛矿材料成为世界范围内研究的热点。根据近年来钙钛矿材料的发展历程,概述了钙钛矿单晶材料从含Pb到无Pb(包含Sn-基、Ge-基无铅钙钛矿材料、类钙钛矿材料以及双钙钛矿材料)的发展历程和主要应用领域。
New organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials exhibit potential applications in photoelectric fields(such as solar cells, photodetectors, LED and so on), due to their tunable optical bandgap, high carrier mobility, high external quantum efficiency, and long carrier lifetime as well as carrier diffusion length. Since the first perovskite quantum dot sensitized solar cells were prepared with the efficiency of 3.8% in 2009, perovskite materials have once again raised the research boom and widely been studied worldwide. Based on the development of perovskite materials in recent years, the single crystals of Pb-based perovskite materials and Pb-free perovskite materials, including Sn-based, Ge-based perovskite materials, perovskite-like materials and double perovskite materials and their application were reviewed.
New organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials exhibit potential applications in photoelectric fields(such as solar cells, photodetectors, LED and so on), due to their tunable optical bandgap, high carrier mobility, high external quantum efficiency, and long carrier lifetime as well as carrier diffusion length. Since the first perovskite quantum dot sensitized solar cells were prepared with the efficiency of 3.8% in 2009, perovskite materials have once again raised the research boom and widely been studied worldwide. Based on the development of perovskite materials in recent years, the single crystals of Pb-based perovskite materials and Pb-free perovskite materials, including Sn-based, Ge-based perovskite materials, perovskite-like materials and double perovskite materials and their application were reviewed.
引文
[1] ZHU H,FU Y,MENG F,et al.Lead halide perovskite nanowire lasers with low lasing thresholds and high quality factors [J].Nat Mater,2015(14):636-642.
[2] STRANKS S D,EPERON G E,GRANCINI G,et al.Electron-hole diffusion lengths exceeding 1 micrometer in an organometal trihalide perovskite absorber [J].Science,2013(342):341-344.
[3] XING G,MATHEWS N,SUN S,et al.Long-range balanced electron and hole-transport lengths in organic inorganic CH3NH3PbI3 [J].Science,2013(342):344-347.
[4] FU Y,MENG F,ROWLEY M B,et al.Solution growth of single crystal methylammonium lead halide perovskite nanostructures for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications [J].J Am Chem Soc,2015(137):5810-5818.
[5] LI N,ZHU Z L,CHUEH C C,et al.Mixed cation FAxPEA1-xPbI3 with enhanced phase and ambient stability toward high-performance perovskite solar cells [J].Adv Energy Mater,2017,7(1):1601307.
[6] ZHENG X,DENG Y,CHEN B,et al.Dual functions of crystallization control and defect passivation enabled by sulfonic zwitterions for stable and efficient perovskite solar cells [J].Adv Mater,2018(30):1803428.
[7] KIM Y,CHO H,HEO J,et al.Multicolored organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite light emitting diodes [J].Adv Mater,2015(27):1248-1254.
[8] ZHANG X,LIU H,WANG W,et al.Hybrid perovskite light-emitting diodes based on perovskite nanocrystals with organic-inorganic mixed cations [J].Adv Mater,2017(29):1606405.
[9] DENG W,FANG H,JIN X,et al.Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite quantum dots for light-emitting diodes [J].J Mater Chem C,2018(6):4831-4841.
[10] DOU L T,YANG Y,YOU J,et al.Solution processed hybrid perovskite photodetectors with high detectivity [J].Nat Comm,2014(5):5404.
[11] SHEN L,FANG Y,WANG D,et al.A self-powered,sub-nanosecond-response solution processed hybrid perovskite photodetector for time resolved photoluminescence-lifetime detection [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):10794-10800.
[12] JI L,HSU H Y,LEE J C,et al.High-performance photodetectors based on solution-processed epitaxial grown hybrid halide perovskites [J].Nano Lett,2018,18(2):994-1000.
[13] ZHAO Z,GU F,RAO H,et al.Metal halide perovskite materials for solar cells with long-term stability [J].Adv Energy Mater,2018,9(3):1802671.
[14] SHA W,REN X,CHEN L,et al.The efficiency limit of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells [J].Appl Phys Lett,2015,106(22):506-514.
[15] 刘缓.平面异质结钙钛矿太阳能电池的制备及性能研究 [D],南京:南京邮电大学,2018.
[16] https://baike.so.com/doc/5675671-5888342.html.
[17] LI Y,ZHENG G,LIN C,et al.Synthesis,structure and optical properties of different dimensional organic-inorganic perovskites [J].Solid State Sci,2007,9(9):855-861.
[18] ZHANG W Y,TANG Y Y,LI P F,et al.Precise molecular design of high-tc 3D organic-inorganic perovskite ferroelectric:[MeHdabco]RbI3 (MeHdabco= N-Methyl-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139(31):10897-10902.
[19] 郑莹莹.有机/无机杂化钙钛矿结构光电功能材料的研究[D].浙江杭州:浙江大学,2007:1-2.
[20] MITZI D,Chondroudis K,Kagan C R.Organic-inorganic Electronics [J].IBM J Res Dev,2001,45(1):29-44.
[21] KAGAN C R,MITZI D B,DIMITRAKOPOULOS C.Organic inorganic hybrid materials as semiconducting channels in thin-film field effect transistors [J].Science,1999(286):945-947.
[22] KOJIMA A,TESHIMA K,SHIRAI Y,et al.Organometal halide perovskites as visible-light sensitizers for photovoltaic cells [J].J Am Chem Soc,2009(131):6050-6051.
[23] MITZI D B,FIELD C A,HARRISON W T A,et al.Conducting tin halides with a layered organic-based perovskite structure [J].Nature,1994(369):467-469.
[24] MITZI D B,WANG S,FIELD C A,et al.Conducting layered organic-inorganic halides containing <110>-oriented perovskite sheets [J].Science,1995(267):1473-1476.
[25] STOUMPOS C C,MALLIAKAS C D,KANATZIDIS M G.Semiconducting tin and lead iodide perovskites with organic cations:Phase transitions,high mobilities,and near-infrared photoluminescent properties [J].Inorg Chem,2013(52):9019-9308.
[26] HAO F,STOUMPOS C C,CAO D H,et al.Lead-free solid-state organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells [J].Nat Photonics,2014(8):489-494.
[27] ECKHARDT K,BON V,GETZSCHMANN J,et al.Crystallographic insights into (CH3NH3)3(Bi2I9):A new lead-free hybrid organic-inorganic material as a potential absorber for photovoltaics [J].Chem Commun,2016(52):3058-3060.
[28] SINGH A,MOORTHY K,MOHAPATRA A,et al.Photovoltaic performance of vapor-assisted solution-processed layer polymorph of Cs3Sb2I9 [J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2018(10):2566-2573.
[29] KARUPPUSWAMY P,BOOPATHI K,MOHAPATRA A,et al.Role of a hydrophobic scaffold in controlling the crystallization of methylammonium antimony iodide for efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells [J].Nano Energy,2018(45):330-336.
[30] DU K,MENG W,WANG X M,et al.Bandgap engineering of lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 through trivalent metal alloying [J].Angew Chem Int Ed,2017(56):8158-8162.
[31] DANG Y,LIU Y,SUN Y,et al.Bulk crystal growth of hybrid perovskite material CH3NH3PbI3[J].CrystEngComm,2015,17(3):665-670.
[32] LIAN Z P,YAN Q F.GAO T,et al.Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3(Cl) single crystals:Rapid solution growth,unparalleled crystalline quality,and low trap density toward 108 cm-3 [J].J Am Chem Soc,2016,138(30):9409-9412.
[33] SAIDAMINOV M I,ABDELHADY A L,Murali B,et al.High-quality bulk hybrid perovskite single crystals within minutes by inverse temperature crystallization [J].Nat Comm,2015(6):7586.
[34] LIU Y,YANG Z,CUI D,et al.Two-inch-sized perovskite CH3NH3PbX3 (X = Cl,Br,I) crystals:Growth and characterization [J].Adv Mater,2015(27):5176-5183.
[35] ZHANG L L,LIU Y,YE X,et al.Exploring anisotropy on oriented wafers of MAPbBr3 crystals grown by controlled antisolvent diffusion [J].Cryst Growth Des,2018,18 (11):6652-6660.
[36] LIU Y,SUN J,YANG Z,et al.20 mm large single crystalline formamidinium perovskite wafer for mass production of integrated photodetectors [J].Adv Optical Mater,2016(4):1829-1837
[37] SAIDAMINOV M,ABDELHADY A,MACULAN G,et al.Retrograde solubility of formamidinium and methylammonium lead halide perovskites enabling rapid single crystal growth [J].Chem Commun,2015(51):17658-17661.
[38] HAN Q,BAE S,SUN P,et al.Single crystal formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3):Insight into the structural,optical,and electrical properties [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):2253-2258.
[39] XIE L Q,CHEN L,NAN Z A,et al.Understanding the cubic phase stabilization and crystallization kinetics in mixed cations and halides perovskite single crystals [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139(9):3320-3323.
[40] HUANG Y,LI L,LIU Z H,et al.The intrinsic properties of FA1-xMAxPbI3 perovskite single crystals [J].J Mater Chem A,2017,5(18):8537-8544.
[41] FANG Y J,DONG Q F,SHAO Y C,et al.Highly narrowband perovskite single-rystal photodetectors enabled by surface-charge recombination [J].Nat Photonics,2015(9):679-686.
[42] DUAN J,ZHAO Y,HE B,et al.High-purity inorganic perovskite films for solar cells with 9.72% efficiency [J].Angew Chem,2018(130):3849-3853.
[43] LI J,XU L,WANG T,et al.50-fold EQE improvement up to 6.27% of solution-processed all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 QLEDs via surface ligand density control [J].Adv Mater,2017,29(5):1603885.
[44] SHOAIB M,ZHANG X,WANG X,et al.Directional growth of ultralong CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires for high-performance photodetectors [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017(139):15592-15595.
[45] HYUCK H J,HEE S D,KYOUNG P J,et al.High-performance next-generation perovskite nanocrystal scintillator for nondestructive X-Ray imaging[J].Adv Mater,2018(30):1801743.
[46] STOUMPOS C C,MALLIAKAS C D,PETERS J A,et al.Crystal growth of the perovskite semiconductor CsPbBr3:A new material for high-energy radiation detection [J].Cryst Growth Des,2013,13(7):2722-2727.
[47] ZHANG P,ZHANG G D,LIU L,et al.Anisotropic optoelectronic properties of melt-grown bulk CsPbBr3 single crystal [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2018 (9):5040-5046.
[48] OGOMI Y,MORITA A,TSUKAMOTO S,et al.CH3NH3SnxPb(1-x)I3 Perovskite solar cells covering up to 1 060 nm [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2014,5(6):1004-1011.
[49] JU D X,DANG Y Y,ZHU Z L,et al.Tunable band gap and long carrier recombination lifetime of stable mixed CH3NH3PbxSn1-xBr3 single crystals [J].Chem Mater,2018,30(5):1556-1565.
[50] LU X,ZHAO Z,LI K,et al.First-principles investigation of the structural and photoelectronic properties of CH3NH3PbxSn1-xI3 mixed perovskites [J].Acta Phys Chim Sin,2016,32 (6):1439-1445.
[51] IM J,STOUMPOS C C,JIN H,et al.Antagonism between spin-orbit coupling and steric effects causes anomalous band gap evolution in the perovskite photovoltaic materials CH3NH3Sn1-xPbxI3 [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2015,6(17):3503-3509.
[52] MENG L,YOU J,YANG Y.Addressing the stability issue of perovskite solar cells for commercial applications [J].Nat Comm,2018(9):5265.
[53] 李小磊.高稳定无铅铜基有机无机杂化光吸收材料及其光伏器件研究[D].湖南:湘潭大学,2017.
[54] BABAYIGIT A,ETHIRAJAN A,MULLER M,et al.Toxicity of organometal halide perovskite solar cells [J].Nat Mater,2016,15(3):247-251.
[55] GIUSTINO F,SNAITH H J.Toward lead-free perovskite solar cells [J].ACS Energy Letters,2016,1(6):1233-1240.
[56] KE W,STOUMPOS C C,SPANOPOULOS I,Efficient lead-free solar cells based on hollow {en}MASnI3 perovskites [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139 (41):14800-14806.
[57] KRISHNAMOORTHY T,DING H,YAN C,et al.Lead-free germanium iodide perovskite materials for photovoltaic applications [J].J Mater Chem A,2015(3):23829-23832.
[58] ZHANG X,WU G,GU Z,et al.Active-layer evolution and efficiency improvement of (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 based solar cell on TiO2 deposited ITO substrate [J].Nano Res,2016,9(10):2921-2930.
[59] BOOPATHI K M,KARUPPUSWAMY P,SINGH A,et al.Solution-processable antimony-based lightabsorbing materials beyond lead halide perovskites [J].J Mater Chem A,2017(5):20843-20850.
[60] JAFFE A,LIN Y,MAO W L,et al.Pressure-induced conductivity and yellow to black piezochromism in a layered Cu-Cl hybrid perovskite [J].J Am Chem Soc,2015,137(4):1673-1678.
[61] GUPTA S,PANDEY T,SINGH A.Suppression of Jahn-Teller distortions and origin of piezochromism and thermochromism in Cu-Cl hybrid perovskite [J].Inorg Chem,2016,55 (13):6817-6824.
[62] Moghe D,Wang L,Traverse C J,et al.All vapor-deposited lead-free doped CsSnBr3 planar solar cells [J].Nano Energy,2016(28):469-474.
[63] DANG Y,ZHOU Y,LIU X,et al.Formation of hybrid perovskite tin iodide single crystals by top-seeded solution growth [J].Angew Chem,2016(28):3508-3511.
[64] SHAO S,LIU J,PORTALE G,et al.Highly reproducible Sn-based hybrid perovskite solar cells with 9% effciency [J].Adv Energy Mater,2018(8):1702019.
[65] STOUMPOS C,FRAZER L,CLARK D,et al.Hybrid germanium iodide perovskite semiconductors:Active lone pairs,structural distortions,direct and indirect energy gaps,and strong nonlinear optical properties [J].J Am Chem Soc,2015,137(21):6804-6819.
[66] Park B W,Philippe B,Zhang X,et al.Bismuth based hybrid perovskites A3Bi2I9 (A:Methylammonium or cesium) for solar cell application [J].Adv Mater,2015,27(43):6806-6813.
[67] ZHANG Z,LI X,XIA X,et al.High-quality (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 film-based solar cells:Pushing efficiency up to 1.64% [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2017(8):4300-4307.
[68] ZHANG H,XU Y,SUN Q,et al.Lead free halide perovskite Cs3Bi2I9 bulk crystals grown by a low temperature solution method [J].CrystEngComm,2018(20):4935-4941.
[69] SUN Q,XU Y,ZHANG H,et al.Optical and electronic anisotropies in perovskitoid crystals of Cs3Bi2I9 studies of nuclear radiation detection [J].J Mater Chem A,2018,6:23388-23395.
[70] HEBIG J C,KüHN I,FLOHRE J,et al.Optoelectronic properties of (CH3NH3)3Sb2I9 thin films for photovoltaic applications [J].ACS Energy Letters,2016,1(1):309-314.
[71] ZUO C,DING L.Lead-free perovskite materials (NH4)3Sb2IxBr9-x [J].Angew Chem,2017(129):6628-6632.
[72] JU D X,JIANG X,XIAO H,et al.Narrow band gap and high mobility of lead-free perovskite single crystal Sn-doped MA3Sb2I9[J].J Mater Chem A,2018(6):20753-20759.
[73] 顾津宇.双钙钛矿以及缺陷类钙钛矿(A3B2X9)的带隙调控以及性能研究(A=Cs,B=Ru/Bi,X=Cl/Br/I) [D].兰州:兰州大学,2018.
[74] MCCLURE E T,Ball M R,Windl W,et al.Cs2Ag Bi X6 (X = Br,Cl):New visible light absorbing,lead-free halide perovskite semiconductors [J].Chem Mater,2016(28):1348-1354.
[75] VOLONAKIS G,FILIP M R,HAGHIGHIRAD A A,et al.Lead free halide double perovskites via heterovalent substitution of noble metals [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2016(7):1254-1259.
[76] XIAO Z,MENG W,WANG J,et al.Thermodynamic stability and defect chemistry of bismuth-based lead-free double perovskites [J].Chem Sus Chem,2016(9):2628-2633.
[77] FILIP M R,HILLMAN S,HAGHIGHIRAD A A,et al.Band gaps of the lead-free halide double perovskites Cs2AgBiCl6 and Cs2AgBiBr6 from theory and experiment [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2016(7):2579-2585.
[78] SLAVNEY A H,HU T,LINDENBERG A M,et al.A bismuth-halide double perovskite with long carrier recombination lifetime for photovoltaic applications [J].J Am Chem Soc,2016(138):2138-2141.
[79] SLAVNEY A H,LEPPERT L,BARTESAGHI L,et al.Defect-induced band-edge reconstruction of a bismuth-halide double perovskite for visible-light absorption [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017(139):5015-5018.
[80] LUO J J,LI S,WU H,et al.Cs2AgInCl6 double perovskite single crystals:Parity forbidden transitions and their application for sensitive and fast UV photodetectors [J].ACS Photonics,2018(5):398-405.
[81] MAUGHAN A E,GANOSE A M,BORDELON M M,et al.Defect tolerance to intolerance in the vacancy ordered double perovskite semiconductors Cs2SnI6 and Cs2TeI6 [J].J Am Chem Soc,2016,138(27):8453-8464.
[82] JU D X,ZHENG X P,YIN J,et al.Tellurium-based double perovskites A2TeX6 with tunable band gap and long carrier diffusion length for optoelectronic applications [J].ACS Energy Lett,2019(4):228-234.
[83] CHEN J,ZHOU S,JIN S,et al.Crystal organometal halide perovskites with promising optoelectronic applications [J].J Mater Chem C,2016(4):11-27.
[84] KAZMERSKI L L.National renewable energy laboratory.best research-cell efficiency chart[OL].https://www.nrel.gov/pv/assets/images/efficiency-chart.png (2019).
[85] CHEN Z,DONG Q,LIU Y,et al.Thin single crystal perovskite solar cells to harvest below-bandgap light absorption [J].Nat Comm,2017(8):1890.
[86] LIU Y C,ZHANG Y,YANG Z,et al.Thinness-and shape-controlled growth for ultrathin single-crystalline perovskite wafers for mass production of superior photoelectronic devices [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):9204-9209.
[87] LIU Y C,ZHANG Y,ZHAO K,et al.A 1 300 mm2 ultrahigh-performance digital imaging assembly using high-quality perovskite single crystals [J].Adv Mater,2018(30):1707314.
[88] LIU Y C,ZHANG Y,YANG Z,et al.Multi-inch single-crystalline perovskite membrane for high-detectivity flexible photosensors [J].Nature Nanotechnology,2018(9):5302.
[89] WEI W,ZHANG Y,XU Q,et al.Monolithic integration of hybrid perovskite single crystals with heterogenous substrate for highly sensitive X-ray imaging [J].Nat Photonics,2017(11):315-321.
[90] 吴晨.无机卤化物钙钛矿的性能研究其发光二极管的制备[D].苏州:苏州大学功能纳米与软物质研究院,2018.
[91] TAN Z K,MOGHADDAM R S,LAI M L,et al.Bright light-emitting diodes based on organometal halide perovskite [J].Nat Nanotechnol,2014,9 (9):687-692.
[92] CHO H,JEONG S H,PARK M H,et al.Overcoming the electroluminescence efficiency limitations of perovskite light-emitting diodes [J].Science,2015,350 (6265):1222.
[93] ZHANG L,YANG X,JIANG Q,et al.Ultra-bright and highly efficient inorganic based perovskite light-emitting diodes [J].Nature Nanotechnology,2017(8):15640.
[94] CAO Y,WANG N,TIAN H,et al.Perovskite light-emitting diodes based on spontaneously formed submicrometre scale structures [J].Nature,2018(562):249-253.
[95] LIN K B,XING J,QUAN L,et al.Perovskite light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 20 percent [J].Nature,2018(562):245-248.
[96] DOHNER E R,JAFFE A,BRADSHAW L R,et al.Intrinsic white-light emission from layered hybrid perovskites [J].J Am Chem Soc,2014(136):13154-13157.
[97] DOHNER E R,HOKE E T,KARUNADASA H I,et al.Self-assembly of broadband white-light emitters [J].J Am Chem Soc,2014(136):1718-1721.
[98] ZHU H,FU Y,MENG F,et al.Lead halide perovskite nanowire lasers with low lasing thresholds and high quality factors [J].Nature Mater,2015(14):636-642.
[99] XING G C,MATEEWS N,LIM S S,et al.Low temperature solution processed wavelength tunable perovskites for lasing [J].Nat Mater,2014(13):476-480.
[100] ZHANG W,PENG L,LIU J,et al.Controlling the cavity structures of two-photon-pumped perovskite micro-lasers [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):4040-4046.
[101] YE H Y,LIAO W Q,HU C L,et al.Bandgap engineering of lead-halide perovskite-type ferroelectrics [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):2579-2586.
[102] SUN Z,ZEB A,LIU,S,et al.Exploring a lead-free semiconducting hybrid ferroelectric with a zero-dimensional perovskite-like structure [J].Angew Chem Int Ed,2016(55):11854-11858.
[103] YOU Y,LIAO W,ZHAO D,et al.An organic-inorganic perovskite ferroelectric with large piezoelectric response [J].Science,2017(357):306-309.
[2] STRANKS S D,EPERON G E,GRANCINI G,et al.Electron-hole diffusion lengths exceeding 1 micrometer in an organometal trihalide perovskite absorber [J].Science,2013(342):341-344.
[3] XING G,MATHEWS N,SUN S,et al.Long-range balanced electron and hole-transport lengths in organic inorganic CH3NH3PbI3 [J].Science,2013(342):344-347.
[4] FU Y,MENG F,ROWLEY M B,et al.Solution growth of single crystal methylammonium lead halide perovskite nanostructures for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications [J].J Am Chem Soc,2015(137):5810-5818.
[5] LI N,ZHU Z L,CHUEH C C,et al.Mixed cation FAxPEA1-xPbI3 with enhanced phase and ambient stability toward high-performance perovskite solar cells [J].Adv Energy Mater,2017,7(1):1601307.
[6] ZHENG X,DENG Y,CHEN B,et al.Dual functions of crystallization control and defect passivation enabled by sulfonic zwitterions for stable and efficient perovskite solar cells [J].Adv Mater,2018(30):1803428.
[7] KIM Y,CHO H,HEO J,et al.Multicolored organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite light emitting diodes [J].Adv Mater,2015(27):1248-1254.
[8] ZHANG X,LIU H,WANG W,et al.Hybrid perovskite light-emitting diodes based on perovskite nanocrystals with organic-inorganic mixed cations [J].Adv Mater,2017(29):1606405.
[9] DENG W,FANG H,JIN X,et al.Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite quantum dots for light-emitting diodes [J].J Mater Chem C,2018(6):4831-4841.
[10] DOU L T,YANG Y,YOU J,et al.Solution processed hybrid perovskite photodetectors with high detectivity [J].Nat Comm,2014(5):5404.
[11] SHEN L,FANG Y,WANG D,et al.A self-powered,sub-nanosecond-response solution processed hybrid perovskite photodetector for time resolved photoluminescence-lifetime detection [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):10794-10800.
[12] JI L,HSU H Y,LEE J C,et al.High-performance photodetectors based on solution-processed epitaxial grown hybrid halide perovskites [J].Nano Lett,2018,18(2):994-1000.
[13] ZHAO Z,GU F,RAO H,et al.Metal halide perovskite materials for solar cells with long-term stability [J].Adv Energy Mater,2018,9(3):1802671.
[14] SHA W,REN X,CHEN L,et al.The efficiency limit of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells [J].Appl Phys Lett,2015,106(22):506-514.
[15] 刘缓.平面异质结钙钛矿太阳能电池的制备及性能研究 [D],南京:南京邮电大学,2018.
[16] https://baike.so.com/doc/5675671-5888342.html.
[17] LI Y,ZHENG G,LIN C,et al.Synthesis,structure and optical properties of different dimensional organic-inorganic perovskites [J].Solid State Sci,2007,9(9):855-861.
[18] ZHANG W Y,TANG Y Y,LI P F,et al.Precise molecular design of high-tc 3D organic-inorganic perovskite ferroelectric:[MeHdabco]RbI3 (MeHdabco= N-Methyl-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139(31):10897-10902.
[19] 郑莹莹.有机/无机杂化钙钛矿结构光电功能材料的研究[D].浙江杭州:浙江大学,2007:1-2.
[20] MITZI D,Chondroudis K,Kagan C R.Organic-inorganic Electronics [J].IBM J Res Dev,2001,45(1):29-44.
[21] KAGAN C R,MITZI D B,DIMITRAKOPOULOS C.Organic inorganic hybrid materials as semiconducting channels in thin-film field effect transistors [J].Science,1999(286):945-947.
[22] KOJIMA A,TESHIMA K,SHIRAI Y,et al.Organometal halide perovskites as visible-light sensitizers for photovoltaic cells [J].J Am Chem Soc,2009(131):6050-6051.
[23] MITZI D B,FIELD C A,HARRISON W T A,et al.Conducting tin halides with a layered organic-based perovskite structure [J].Nature,1994(369):467-469.
[24] MITZI D B,WANG S,FIELD C A,et al.Conducting layered organic-inorganic halides containing <110>-oriented perovskite sheets [J].Science,1995(267):1473-1476.
[25] STOUMPOS C C,MALLIAKAS C D,KANATZIDIS M G.Semiconducting tin and lead iodide perovskites with organic cations:Phase transitions,high mobilities,and near-infrared photoluminescent properties [J].Inorg Chem,2013(52):9019-9308.
[26] HAO F,STOUMPOS C C,CAO D H,et al.Lead-free solid-state organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells [J].Nat Photonics,2014(8):489-494.
[27] ECKHARDT K,BON V,GETZSCHMANN J,et al.Crystallographic insights into (CH3NH3)3(Bi2I9):A new lead-free hybrid organic-inorganic material as a potential absorber for photovoltaics [J].Chem Commun,2016(52):3058-3060.
[28] SINGH A,MOORTHY K,MOHAPATRA A,et al.Photovoltaic performance of vapor-assisted solution-processed layer polymorph of Cs3Sb2I9 [J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2018(10):2566-2573.
[29] KARUPPUSWAMY P,BOOPATHI K,MOHAPATRA A,et al.Role of a hydrophobic scaffold in controlling the crystallization of methylammonium antimony iodide for efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells [J].Nano Energy,2018(45):330-336.
[30] DU K,MENG W,WANG X M,et al.Bandgap engineering of lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 through trivalent metal alloying [J].Angew Chem Int Ed,2017(56):8158-8162.
[31] DANG Y,LIU Y,SUN Y,et al.Bulk crystal growth of hybrid perovskite material CH3NH3PbI3[J].CrystEngComm,2015,17(3):665-670.
[32] LIAN Z P,YAN Q F.GAO T,et al.Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3(Cl) single crystals:Rapid solution growth,unparalleled crystalline quality,and low trap density toward 108 cm-3 [J].J Am Chem Soc,2016,138(30):9409-9412.
[33] SAIDAMINOV M I,ABDELHADY A L,Murali B,et al.High-quality bulk hybrid perovskite single crystals within minutes by inverse temperature crystallization [J].Nat Comm,2015(6):7586.
[34] LIU Y,YANG Z,CUI D,et al.Two-inch-sized perovskite CH3NH3PbX3 (X = Cl,Br,I) crystals:Growth and characterization [J].Adv Mater,2015(27):5176-5183.
[35] ZHANG L L,LIU Y,YE X,et al.Exploring anisotropy on oriented wafers of MAPbBr3 crystals grown by controlled antisolvent diffusion [J].Cryst Growth Des,2018,18 (11):6652-6660.
[36] LIU Y,SUN J,YANG Z,et al.20 mm large single crystalline formamidinium perovskite wafer for mass production of integrated photodetectors [J].Adv Optical Mater,2016(4):1829-1837
[37] SAIDAMINOV M,ABDELHADY A,MACULAN G,et al.Retrograde solubility of formamidinium and methylammonium lead halide perovskites enabling rapid single crystal growth [J].Chem Commun,2015(51):17658-17661.
[38] HAN Q,BAE S,SUN P,et al.Single crystal formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3):Insight into the structural,optical,and electrical properties [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):2253-2258.
[39] XIE L Q,CHEN L,NAN Z A,et al.Understanding the cubic phase stabilization and crystallization kinetics in mixed cations and halides perovskite single crystals [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139(9):3320-3323.
[40] HUANG Y,LI L,LIU Z H,et al.The intrinsic properties of FA1-xMAxPbI3 perovskite single crystals [J].J Mater Chem A,2017,5(18):8537-8544.
[41] FANG Y J,DONG Q F,SHAO Y C,et al.Highly narrowband perovskite single-rystal photodetectors enabled by surface-charge recombination [J].Nat Photonics,2015(9):679-686.
[42] DUAN J,ZHAO Y,HE B,et al.High-purity inorganic perovskite films for solar cells with 9.72% efficiency [J].Angew Chem,2018(130):3849-3853.
[43] LI J,XU L,WANG T,et al.50-fold EQE improvement up to 6.27% of solution-processed all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 QLEDs via surface ligand density control [J].Adv Mater,2017,29(5):1603885.
[44] SHOAIB M,ZHANG X,WANG X,et al.Directional growth of ultralong CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires for high-performance photodetectors [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017(139):15592-15595.
[45] HYUCK H J,HEE S D,KYOUNG P J,et al.High-performance next-generation perovskite nanocrystal scintillator for nondestructive X-Ray imaging[J].Adv Mater,2018(30):1801743.
[46] STOUMPOS C C,MALLIAKAS C D,PETERS J A,et al.Crystal growth of the perovskite semiconductor CsPbBr3:A new material for high-energy radiation detection [J].Cryst Growth Des,2013,13(7):2722-2727.
[47] ZHANG P,ZHANG G D,LIU L,et al.Anisotropic optoelectronic properties of melt-grown bulk CsPbBr3 single crystal [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2018 (9):5040-5046.
[48] OGOMI Y,MORITA A,TSUKAMOTO S,et al.CH3NH3SnxPb(1-x)I3 Perovskite solar cells covering up to 1 060 nm [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2014,5(6):1004-1011.
[49] JU D X,DANG Y Y,ZHU Z L,et al.Tunable band gap and long carrier recombination lifetime of stable mixed CH3NH3PbxSn1-xBr3 single crystals [J].Chem Mater,2018,30(5):1556-1565.
[50] LU X,ZHAO Z,LI K,et al.First-principles investigation of the structural and photoelectronic properties of CH3NH3PbxSn1-xI3 mixed perovskites [J].Acta Phys Chim Sin,2016,32 (6):1439-1445.
[51] IM J,STOUMPOS C C,JIN H,et al.Antagonism between spin-orbit coupling and steric effects causes anomalous band gap evolution in the perovskite photovoltaic materials CH3NH3Sn1-xPbxI3 [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2015,6(17):3503-3509.
[52] MENG L,YOU J,YANG Y.Addressing the stability issue of perovskite solar cells for commercial applications [J].Nat Comm,2018(9):5265.
[53] 李小磊.高稳定无铅铜基有机无机杂化光吸收材料及其光伏器件研究[D].湖南:湘潭大学,2017.
[54] BABAYIGIT A,ETHIRAJAN A,MULLER M,et al.Toxicity of organometal halide perovskite solar cells [J].Nat Mater,2016,15(3):247-251.
[55] GIUSTINO F,SNAITH H J.Toward lead-free perovskite solar cells [J].ACS Energy Letters,2016,1(6):1233-1240.
[56] KE W,STOUMPOS C C,SPANOPOULOS I,Efficient lead-free solar cells based on hollow {en}MASnI3 perovskites [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139 (41):14800-14806.
[57] KRISHNAMOORTHY T,DING H,YAN C,et al.Lead-free germanium iodide perovskite materials for photovoltaic applications [J].J Mater Chem A,2015(3):23829-23832.
[58] ZHANG X,WU G,GU Z,et al.Active-layer evolution and efficiency improvement of (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 based solar cell on TiO2 deposited ITO substrate [J].Nano Res,2016,9(10):2921-2930.
[59] BOOPATHI K M,KARUPPUSWAMY P,SINGH A,et al.Solution-processable antimony-based lightabsorbing materials beyond lead halide perovskites [J].J Mater Chem A,2017(5):20843-20850.
[60] JAFFE A,LIN Y,MAO W L,et al.Pressure-induced conductivity and yellow to black piezochromism in a layered Cu-Cl hybrid perovskite [J].J Am Chem Soc,2015,137(4):1673-1678.
[61] GUPTA S,PANDEY T,SINGH A.Suppression of Jahn-Teller distortions and origin of piezochromism and thermochromism in Cu-Cl hybrid perovskite [J].Inorg Chem,2016,55 (13):6817-6824.
[62] Moghe D,Wang L,Traverse C J,et al.All vapor-deposited lead-free doped CsSnBr3 planar solar cells [J].Nano Energy,2016(28):469-474.
[63] DANG Y,ZHOU Y,LIU X,et al.Formation of hybrid perovskite tin iodide single crystals by top-seeded solution growth [J].Angew Chem,2016(28):3508-3511.
[64] SHAO S,LIU J,PORTALE G,et al.Highly reproducible Sn-based hybrid perovskite solar cells with 9% effciency [J].Adv Energy Mater,2018(8):1702019.
[65] STOUMPOS C,FRAZER L,CLARK D,et al.Hybrid germanium iodide perovskite semiconductors:Active lone pairs,structural distortions,direct and indirect energy gaps,and strong nonlinear optical properties [J].J Am Chem Soc,2015,137(21):6804-6819.
[66] Park B W,Philippe B,Zhang X,et al.Bismuth based hybrid perovskites A3Bi2I9 (A:Methylammonium or cesium) for solar cell application [J].Adv Mater,2015,27(43):6806-6813.
[67] ZHANG Z,LI X,XIA X,et al.High-quality (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 film-based solar cells:Pushing efficiency up to 1.64% [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2017(8):4300-4307.
[68] ZHANG H,XU Y,SUN Q,et al.Lead free halide perovskite Cs3Bi2I9 bulk crystals grown by a low temperature solution method [J].CrystEngComm,2018(20):4935-4941.
[69] SUN Q,XU Y,ZHANG H,et al.Optical and electronic anisotropies in perovskitoid crystals of Cs3Bi2I9 studies of nuclear radiation detection [J].J Mater Chem A,2018,6:23388-23395.
[70] HEBIG J C,KüHN I,FLOHRE J,et al.Optoelectronic properties of (CH3NH3)3Sb2I9 thin films for photovoltaic applications [J].ACS Energy Letters,2016,1(1):309-314.
[71] ZUO C,DING L.Lead-free perovskite materials (NH4)3Sb2IxBr9-x [J].Angew Chem,2017(129):6628-6632.
[72] JU D X,JIANG X,XIAO H,et al.Narrow band gap and high mobility of lead-free perovskite single crystal Sn-doped MA3Sb2I9[J].J Mater Chem A,2018(6):20753-20759.
[73] 顾津宇.双钙钛矿以及缺陷类钙钛矿(A3B2X9)的带隙调控以及性能研究(A=Cs,B=Ru/Bi,X=Cl/Br/I) [D].兰州:兰州大学,2018.
[74] MCCLURE E T,Ball M R,Windl W,et al.Cs2Ag Bi X6 (X = Br,Cl):New visible light absorbing,lead-free halide perovskite semiconductors [J].Chem Mater,2016(28):1348-1354.
[75] VOLONAKIS G,FILIP M R,HAGHIGHIRAD A A,et al.Lead free halide double perovskites via heterovalent substitution of noble metals [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2016(7):1254-1259.
[76] XIAO Z,MENG W,WANG J,et al.Thermodynamic stability and defect chemistry of bismuth-based lead-free double perovskites [J].Chem Sus Chem,2016(9):2628-2633.
[77] FILIP M R,HILLMAN S,HAGHIGHIRAD A A,et al.Band gaps of the lead-free halide double perovskites Cs2AgBiCl6 and Cs2AgBiBr6 from theory and experiment [J].J Phys Chem Lett,2016(7):2579-2585.
[78] SLAVNEY A H,HU T,LINDENBERG A M,et al.A bismuth-halide double perovskite with long carrier recombination lifetime for photovoltaic applications [J].J Am Chem Soc,2016(138):2138-2141.
[79] SLAVNEY A H,LEPPERT L,BARTESAGHI L,et al.Defect-induced band-edge reconstruction of a bismuth-halide double perovskite for visible-light absorption [J].J Am Chem Soc,2017(139):5015-5018.
[80] LUO J J,LI S,WU H,et al.Cs2AgInCl6 double perovskite single crystals:Parity forbidden transitions and their application for sensitive and fast UV photodetectors [J].ACS Photonics,2018(5):398-405.
[81] MAUGHAN A E,GANOSE A M,BORDELON M M,et al.Defect tolerance to intolerance in the vacancy ordered double perovskite semiconductors Cs2SnI6 and Cs2TeI6 [J].J Am Chem Soc,2016,138(27):8453-8464.
[82] JU D X,ZHENG X P,YIN J,et al.Tellurium-based double perovskites A2TeX6 with tunable band gap and long carrier diffusion length for optoelectronic applications [J].ACS Energy Lett,2019(4):228-234.
[83] CHEN J,ZHOU S,JIN S,et al.Crystal organometal halide perovskites with promising optoelectronic applications [J].J Mater Chem C,2016(4):11-27.
[84] KAZMERSKI L L.National renewable energy laboratory.best research-cell efficiency chart[OL].https://www.nrel.gov/pv/assets/images/efficiency-chart.png (2019).
[85] CHEN Z,DONG Q,LIU Y,et al.Thin single crystal perovskite solar cells to harvest below-bandgap light absorption [J].Nat Comm,2017(8):1890.
[86] LIU Y C,ZHANG Y,YANG Z,et al.Thinness-and shape-controlled growth for ultrathin single-crystalline perovskite wafers for mass production of superior photoelectronic devices [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):9204-9209.
[87] LIU Y C,ZHANG Y,ZHAO K,et al.A 1 300 mm2 ultrahigh-performance digital imaging assembly using high-quality perovskite single crystals [J].Adv Mater,2018(30):1707314.
[88] LIU Y C,ZHANG Y,YANG Z,et al.Multi-inch single-crystalline perovskite membrane for high-detectivity flexible photosensors [J].Nature Nanotechnology,2018(9):5302.
[89] WEI W,ZHANG Y,XU Q,et al.Monolithic integration of hybrid perovskite single crystals with heterogenous substrate for highly sensitive X-ray imaging [J].Nat Photonics,2017(11):315-321.
[90] 吴晨.无机卤化物钙钛矿的性能研究其发光二极管的制备[D].苏州:苏州大学功能纳米与软物质研究院,2018.
[91] TAN Z K,MOGHADDAM R S,LAI M L,et al.Bright light-emitting diodes based on organometal halide perovskite [J].Nat Nanotechnol,2014,9 (9):687-692.
[92] CHO H,JEONG S H,PARK M H,et al.Overcoming the electroluminescence efficiency limitations of perovskite light-emitting diodes [J].Science,2015,350 (6265):1222.
[93] ZHANG L,YANG X,JIANG Q,et al.Ultra-bright and highly efficient inorganic based perovskite light-emitting diodes [J].Nature Nanotechnology,2017(8):15640.
[94] CAO Y,WANG N,TIAN H,et al.Perovskite light-emitting diodes based on spontaneously formed submicrometre scale structures [J].Nature,2018(562):249-253.
[95] LIN K B,XING J,QUAN L,et al.Perovskite light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 20 percent [J].Nature,2018(562):245-248.
[96] DOHNER E R,JAFFE A,BRADSHAW L R,et al.Intrinsic white-light emission from layered hybrid perovskites [J].J Am Chem Soc,2014(136):13154-13157.
[97] DOHNER E R,HOKE E T,KARUNADASA H I,et al.Self-assembly of broadband white-light emitters [J].J Am Chem Soc,2014(136):1718-1721.
[98] ZHU H,FU Y,MENG F,et al.Lead halide perovskite nanowire lasers with low lasing thresholds and high quality factors [J].Nature Mater,2015(14):636-642.
[99] XING G C,MATEEWS N,LIM S S,et al.Low temperature solution processed wavelength tunable perovskites for lasing [J].Nat Mater,2014(13):476-480.
[100] ZHANG W,PENG L,LIU J,et al.Controlling the cavity structures of two-photon-pumped perovskite micro-lasers [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):4040-4046.
[101] YE H Y,LIAO W Q,HU C L,et al.Bandgap engineering of lead-halide perovskite-type ferroelectrics [J].Adv Mater,2016(28):2579-2586.
[102] SUN Z,ZEB A,LIU,S,et al.Exploring a lead-free semiconducting hybrid ferroelectric with a zero-dimensional perovskite-like structure [J].Angew Chem Int Ed,2016(55):11854-11858.
[103] YOU Y,LIAO W,ZHAO D,et al.An organic-inorganic perovskite ferroelectric with large piezoelectric response [J].Science,2017(357):306-309.