日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配影响因子研究
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摘要
日本食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus japonicus Compere是橡副珠蜡蚧Parasaissetia nigra Nietner的重要寄生性天敌。为探明影响该蜂交配的因子,本试验在不同温度、光周期、雄蜂日龄及雌、雄蜂比例等条件下研究了日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配率。结果表明:温度为24℃时的交配率最高为93.25%,18℃、15℃的交配率分别为71.5%、43.25%;24℃-30℃范围内,该蜂的交配率无显著差异。光周期为12 L∶12 D时日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配率最大,为91.75%;0 L∶24 D时交配率最低,仅为13.5%。随着雄蜂日龄增加,日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配率呈下降趋势,羽化当天的雄蜂交配率最高,为91.75%,羽化12 d后的交配率最低,仅为48.5%。雌、雄比例为1∶3时,交配率最高,为73.25%,雌、雄比例为1∶5时,交配率最低,为65%。综上所述,温度、光周期、雄蜂日龄等对日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配率影响明显,扩繁时在温度24℃-27℃、光周期12 L∶12 D条件下选用日龄为0-8 d的雄蜂可以显著提高小蜂交配率,提升扩繁效果。
Coccophagus japonicus Compere is a dominant parasitoid of Parasaissetia nigra Nietner. In order to clarify the affecting factors of mating of C. japonicus, we evaluated the effects of temperature,photoperiod,age of the male parasitoids and proportion of the male and female parasitoids on the mating rates of C. japonicas. The results showed that the mating rate( 93. 25%) was highest at 24℃. At 18℃ and15℃,the mating rate were 71. 5% and 43. 25%,respectively. No significant differences were found among these temperatures ranged from 24℃ to 30℃. At the photoperiod of 12 L ∶ 12 D,the mating rate was highest,which was 91. 75%. The lowest mating rate( 13. 5%) was observed at the photoperiod of24 D ∶ 0 L. The results also showed that the mating rate decreased with the age of male parasitoid increased. The mating rate of newly emerged males was 91. 75%,the mating rate of thirteen day-old males was only 48. 5%. At sex ratio of 1 ♀ ∶ 3 ♂ and 1 ♀ ∶ 5 ♂,the mating rate reached maximum( 73. 25%)and minimum( 65. 0%). In conclusion,temperature,photoperiod,male C. japonicas age significantly affected the mating rate. The 0 to 8 day-old male C. japonicas reared at the range of 24℃ to 27℃ with12 L ∶ 12 D photoperiod can significantly enhance the mating rate and mass-rearing efficency of C. japonicas.
Coccophagus japonicus Compere is a dominant parasitoid of Parasaissetia nigra Nietner. In order to clarify the affecting factors of mating of C. japonicus, we evaluated the effects of temperature,photoperiod,age of the male parasitoids and proportion of the male and female parasitoids on the mating rates of C. japonicas. The results showed that the mating rate( 93. 25%) was highest at 24℃. At 18℃ and15℃,the mating rate were 71. 5% and 43. 25%,respectively. No significant differences were found among these temperatures ranged from 24℃ to 30℃. At the photoperiod of 12 L ∶ 12 D,the mating rate was highest,which was 91. 75%. The lowest mating rate( 13. 5%) was observed at the photoperiod of24 D ∶ 0 L. The results also showed that the mating rate decreased with the age of male parasitoid increased. The mating rate of newly emerged males was 91. 75%,the mating rate of thirteen day-old males was only 48. 5%. At sex ratio of 1 ♀ ∶ 3 ♂ and 1 ♀ ∶ 5 ♂,the mating rate reached maximum( 73. 25%)and minimum( 65. 0%). In conclusion,temperature,photoperiod,male C. japonicas age significantly affected the mating rate. The 0 to 8 day-old male C. japonicas reared at the range of 24℃ to 27℃ with12 L ∶ 12 D photoperiod can significantly enhance the mating rate and mass-rearing efficency of C. japonicas.
引文
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Khanzada SR.The Multiple Mating Behavior of Two Bemisia tabaci Parasitoid with Different Reproductive Modes and its Effects on the Production of Female Progeny[D].Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2016.[Khanzada SR.烟粉虱寄生蜂浅黄恩蚜小蜂和海氏桨角蚜小蜂的多次交配行为及其对繁殖的影响[D].中国农业科学院,2016]
Li YL,Cao TW,Wang R,et al.Calling and mating behavior of Malacosoma ractifascia Lajonquere[J].Animal Science,2010,11(1):69-72.
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Liu YG,Xu SP,Du JW.Effects of light factors on sex pheromone produce and female's calling behavior of Helicoverpa armigera[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2001,21(1):112-116.[刘云国,许少甫,杜家纬.光因子对棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)雌蛾性信息素产生及其求偶行为的影响[J].生态学报,2001,21(1):112-116]
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Miyatake T.Correlated responses to selection for developmental period in Bactrocera cucurbitae(Diptera:Tephritidae):Time of mating and daily activity rhythms[J].Behavior Genetics,1997,27(5):489-498.
Moncorps S,Boussès P,Réale D,et al.Diurnal time budget of the mouflon(Ovis musimon)on the Kerguelen archipelago:Influence of food resources,age,and sex[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,1997,75(1):41-42.
Sun JT,Deng L,Zhou KN,et al.Effects of temperatures on mating behaviors of grape leaf beetle,Oides decempunctata(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)[J].Biological Disaster Science,2012,35(1):50-54.[孙计拓,邓礼,周康念,等.温度对葡萄十星瓢萤叶甲交配行为的影响[J].生物灾害科学,2012,35(1):50-54]
Tang YC,Chen XM,Zhou CL.Adult behavior feature of Danaus chrysippus[J].Forest Research,2017,30(1):131-136.[唐宇翀,陈晓鸣,周成理.金斑蝶成虫行为特征[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(1):131-136]
Tong Y.Effect of Potoperiod and Temperature on Eclosion and Mating in Hyphantria cunea[D].Jiangxi Agricultural University,2012.[童彦.温度和光周期对美国白蛾羽化和交配影响[D].江西农业大学,2012]
Wang S,Guo XM,Zhang JM,et al.Copulatory behavior of predaciou lady Harmonia axyridis(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)under diffferent illnminative conditions[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(24):7428-7435.[王甦,郭晓军,张君明,等.异色瓢虫不同光环境下的交配行为[J].生态学报,2014,34(24):7428-7435]
Wang SF,Jing XY.Adult reproductive behavior and sex attraction of the Trabala viahnou gigantina Yang(Lepidoptera:Lasiocampidae)[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),2016,36(8):557-561.[王世飞,荆小院.栎黄枯叶蛾成虫交配行为特征及性趋向[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,36(8):557-561]
Wen YS,Luo DQ,Zhao DX.Courtship and mating behaviors of the female and male moths of Maruca vitrata(Fabricius)and their influential factors[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2009,30(12):1870-1875.[温衍生,罗大全,赵冬香.豇豆荚螟雌雄蛾求偶交配行为及其影响因子研究[J].热带作物学报,2009,30(12):1870-1875]
Wu CX,Yang MF,Yao MM,et al.Diurnal activity rhythm and time budgets of adult behavior of Spodoptera litura(Fabricius)(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)after paired[J].Journal of Plant Protection,2016,43(6):979-985.[武承旭,杨茂发,姚苗苗,等.斜纹夜蛾雌雄配对后成虫活动行为节律及时间分配[J].植物保护学报,2016,43(6):979-985]
Wu GY.Systematic and Faunistic Study on the Parasitic Wasps of Scale Insect in North China[D].Zhejiang Univrsity,2002.[吴国艳.中国北方介壳虫寄生蜂分类区系研究[D].浙江大学,2002]
Xi YL,Huang XF.Mating behavior and fertilization of the freshwater rotifer,Brachionus calyciflorus[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2000,20(4):541-544.[席贻龙,黄祥飞.萼花臂尾轮虫交配行为和受精作用研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(4):541-544]
Xiang YY,Yang MF.The mating behavior and ability of the black cutworm moth.Agrotis ypsilon[J].Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,2008,45(1):50-53.[向玉勇,杨茂发.小地老虎的交配行为和能力[J].应用昆虫学报,2008,45(1):50-53]
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