油烟气催化氧化净化过程研究
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摘要
采用浸渍法制备了不同负载量的蜂窝陶瓷Pt基、泡沫金属Pt基和La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3催化剂,通过XRD、SEM等对催化剂进行了表征,考察了3类催化剂在不同反应条件下对油烟催化净化性能的影响。结果表明,La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3催化剂的活性随反应温度的升高和负载量的增加而提高,随油烟气流量的增加而降低;蜂窝陶瓷Pt基催化剂和泡沫金属Pt基催化剂的变化相似,但Pt负载量对这两类催化剂活性的影响并不明显;在低空速下,La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3催化剂具有与蜂窝陶瓷Pt基催化剂以及泡沫金属Pt基催化剂相同的活性;但当空速大于10000h~(-1)以后,蜂窝陶瓷Pt基和泡沫金属Pt基催化剂的活性明显优于La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3催化剂。3类催化剂中,负载量为0.88%的泡沫金属Pt基催化剂对油烟的净化效率最佳,在350℃、流量为3 L·min~(-1)、空速为36 000 h~(-1)时,对油烟气的脱除率接近100%。另外,对泡沫金属Pt基催化剂催化氧化净化油烟气的表观动力学进行了研究。
Honeycomb ceramic Pt catalysts, metal foam Pt catalysts and La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3 catalysts were prepared via impregnation and characterized by XRD and SEM. The performance of these catalysts for cooking fume combustion under different conditions was investigated. The results show that the activity of La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3 increases with the increase of reaction temperature and catalyst loading, and decreases with the increase of fume flow rate. The honeycomb ceramic Pt catalyst and metal foam Pt catalyst have similar characteristics as the La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3 catalyst. However, effects of Pt loading are not obvious. La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3 shows similar activity as the other two catalysts under low flow rates, which becomes less active than the other two when the flow rate is higher than 10 000 h~(-1). The metal foam Pt catalyst with 0.88% Pt loading shows the optimal performance. 100% removal efficiency can be obtained when studied under reaction temperature 350 ℃, flow rate 3 L×min~(-1) and space velocity 36 000 h~(-1). In addition, the apparent catalytic kinetics of metal foam Pt catalyst is studied.
Honeycomb ceramic Pt catalysts, metal foam Pt catalysts and La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3 catalysts were prepared via impregnation and characterized by XRD and SEM. The performance of these catalysts for cooking fume combustion under different conditions was investigated. The results show that the activity of La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3 increases with the increase of reaction temperature and catalyst loading, and decreases with the increase of fume flow rate. The honeycomb ceramic Pt catalyst and metal foam Pt catalyst have similar characteristics as the La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3 catalyst. However, effects of Pt loading are not obvious. La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3 shows similar activity as the other two catalysts under low flow rates, which becomes less active than the other two when the flow rate is higher than 10 000 h~(-1). The metal foam Pt catalyst with 0.88% Pt loading shows the optimal performance. 100% removal efficiency can be obtained when studied under reaction temperature 350 ℃, flow rate 3 L×min~(-1) and space velocity 36 000 h~(-1). In addition, the apparent catalytic kinetics of metal foam Pt catalyst is studied.
引文
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[2]范宗明,蒋达华.厨房油烟污染净化技术应用探讨[J].环境保护与循环经济,2010,3:46-49.FAN Z M,JIANG D H.Study on the kitchen fumes purification[J].Environmental Protection and Circular Economy,2010,3:46-49.
[3]王凯雄,朱杏冬.烹调油烟气的成分及其分析方法[J].上海环境科学,1999,11:526-528.WANG K X,ZHU X D.The constituents in cooking-oil smoke and their analytical of methods[J].Shanghai Environmental Science,1999,11:526-528.
[4]杜水友,袁昌明,郑建光,等.一种新型高效的油烟净化技术[J].林业劳动安全,2005,18(3):37-39.DU S Y,YUAN C M,ZHENG J G,et al.A new and efficient technology of oil fume purification[J].Forestry Labour Safety,2005,18(3):37-39.
[5]羌宇,季学李,赵建夫.实用厨房油雾净化方法[J].环境科学,1998,5:86-87.QIANG Y,JI X L,ZHAO J F.Practical kitchen oil mist purification method[J].Environmental Science,1998,5:86-87.
[6]杨骥,郭锐,彭娟,等.新型液体洗涤法处理饮食业油烟装置的试验研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006,8:80-85.YANG J,GUO R,PENG J,et al.The new liquid washing method is used to study the oil fume apparatus in the catering industry[J].Environmental Pollution Control Technology and Equipment,2006,8:80-85.
[7]BUONANNO G,MORAWSKA L,STABILE L.Particle emission factors during cooking activities[J].Atmospheric Environment,2009,43(20):3235-3242.
[8]王斌,仲立军,王冰欣.具有自动清理功能的低温等离子油烟净化装置设计与实现[J].黑龙江环境通报,2012,1:50-51.WANG B,ZHONG L J,WANG B X.Design and realization of low temperature plasma fume purification device with automatic cleaning function.Heilongjiang Environmental Bulletin,2012,1:50-51.
[9]PENCIU O,GAVRILESCU M.Biodegradation:innovative technology for treating gaseous fluxes containing VOCs[J].Environmental Engineering and Management Journal,2004,4:737-754.
[10]赵志喜.家用油烟机的发展和紫外线油烟净化技术[J].家电科技,2008,11:22-24.ZHAO Z X.The development of domestic smoke machine and the ultraviolet oil fume purification technology[J].Home Appliance of Science and Technology,2008,11:22-24.
[11]贾小宁,张庆国.饮食业油烟净化技术探讨[J].甘肃科技,2004,20(12):128-129.JIA X N,ZHANG Q G.Discussion on the purification technology of edible oil smoke[J].Gansu Science and Technology,2004,20(12):128-129.
[12]OUSMANE M,LIOTTA L F,CARLO G D,et al.Supported Au catalysts for low-temperature abatement of propene and toluene,as model VOCs:support effect[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2011,101(3-4):629-637.
[13]YANG J,JIA J P,WANG Y L,et al.Treatment of cooking oil fume by low temperature catalysis[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2005,58(1-2):123-131.
[14]ROBAYO M D,BEAMAN B,HUGHES B,et al.Perovskite catalysts enhanced combustion on porous media[J].Energy,2014,76:477-486.
[15]刘德全,王桂琼,黄毅华.不同采集原理的油烟采样方法研究[J].中国环境监测,2000,6:15-19.LIU D Q,WANG G Q,HUANG Y H.Study on the sampling method of different collection principles[J].China Environmental Monitoring,2000,6:15-19.
[16]陈敏,马莹,宋萃,等.Ce-Pt-Pd/不锈钢丝网催化剂的制备与催化性能[J].催化学报,2009,30(7):649-653.CHEN M,MA Y,SONG C,et al.Preparation and performance of Ce-Pt-Pd/stainless steel wire meshes catalyst[J].Chinese Journal of Catalysis,2009,30(7):649-653.
[17]KANG Z J,SUN S M,GUO Z P.The modules and the structural evolution in perovskite structural founctional materials[J].Chemistry,2000,63(4):23-26.
[18]王路路,Mohammad Al-Mamun,刘珀润,等.钙铝掺杂镧锰钙钛矿高效催化剂用于两步法热化学分解水取得出色产氢表现[J].催化学报,2017,38(6):1079-1086.WANG L L,Mohammad Al-Mamun,LIU P R,et al.La1-x Cax Mn1-y AlyO3 perovskites as efficient catalysts for two-step thermochemical water splitting in conjunction with exceptional hydrogen yields[J].Chinese Journal of Catalysis,2017,38(6):1079-1086.
[19]王正东,涂善东.泡沫金属结构内流体流动与传热性能数值模拟[J].化学工程,2015,43(9):16-20.WANG Z D,TU S D.Numerical simulation on fluid flow and heat transfer performance of metal-foam structures[J].Chemical Engineering,2015,43(9):16-20.
[20]杨思一,吕广庶.开孔泡沫金属的结构特性及流体透过性能的研究[J].新技术新工艺,2004,8:50-52.YANG S Y,LV G Z.Study on the structure and fluid permeability of open-cell metal foam[J].New Technology&New Process,2004,8:50-52.