饲料蛋白水平对方正银鲫幼鱼生长、体成分、肝脏生化指标和肠道消化酶活性的影响
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摘要
为研究饲料中不同蛋白水平对方正银鲫(Fang zheng Caucian carp)幼鱼生长、体成分、肝脏生化指标和肠道消化酶活性的影响,配制蛋白水平为30.18%、33.13%、36.16%、39.34%、42.32%和45.46%的6种等脂等能饲料。选取初始质量为(3.10±0.01)g的方正银鲫幼鱼540尾,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾,进行为期8周的饲养试验。结果表明:随着饲料蛋白水平升高,方正银鲫幼鱼增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率、全鱼粗蛋白含量、肝脏谷丙转氨酶和肠道胰蛋白酶活性均先升高后降低,且在蛋白水平为36.16%时最大,显著高于其他组(P<0.05);肝脏总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量均呈逐渐下降趋势,蛋白水平为30.18%的组显著高于除33.13%组以外的其他各组(P<0.05)。方正银鲫幼鱼特定生长率、蛋白质效率与不同蛋白水平分别进行二次回归分析得,在试验条件下,方正银鲫幼鱼饲料中最佳蛋白质水平为35.29%—37.07%。
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein levels on evolution, body composition, liver biochemical indices, as well as digestive enzymes activities of juvenile Chinese crucian carp. Six isolipidic and isoenergetic diets were formulated containing 30.18%, 33.13%, 36.16%, 39.34%, 42.32%, and 45.46%, respectively. A total of 540 juvenile Chinese crucian carp with the average initial weight of(3.10 ± 0.01) g were randomly distributed into six groups with three replicates per group, containing 30 juvenile Chinese crucian carp per replicate, which were fed for eight weeks. The results indicated that with the increase of dietary protein level, the weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR), feed efficiency(FE), protein efficiency ratio(PER), the whole body protein content(WBPC), the hepatic glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT), and intestinal trypsin(TPS) activities of fish in 36.16%group were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05). The hepatic total cholesterol(HTC) and triglyceride(TG) content of fish in 30.18% group were remarkably higher than those in other groups except for 33.13%group. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of the SGR, PER, and dietary protein levels, it was revealed that the rate of optimal dietary protein for Chinese crucian carp ranges from 35.29% to 37.07% under the experimental condition.
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein levels on evolution, body composition, liver biochemical indices, as well as digestive enzymes activities of juvenile Chinese crucian carp. Six isolipidic and isoenergetic diets were formulated containing 30.18%, 33.13%, 36.16%, 39.34%, 42.32%, and 45.46%, respectively. A total of 540 juvenile Chinese crucian carp with the average initial weight of(3.10 ± 0.01) g were randomly distributed into six groups with three replicates per group, containing 30 juvenile Chinese crucian carp per replicate, which were fed for eight weeks. The results indicated that with the increase of dietary protein level, the weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR), feed efficiency(FE), protein efficiency ratio(PER), the whole body protein content(WBPC), the hepatic glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT), and intestinal trypsin(TPS) activities of fish in 36.16%group were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05). The hepatic total cholesterol(HTC) and triglyceride(TG) content of fish in 30.18% group were remarkably higher than those in other groups except for 33.13%group. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of the SGR, PER, and dietary protein levels, it was revealed that the rate of optimal dietary protein for Chinese crucian carp ranges from 35.29% to 37.07% under the experimental condition.
引文
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[3]Ye W J,Han D,Zhu X M,et al.Comparative studies on dietary protein requirements of juvenile and on‐growing gibel carp(Carassius auratus gibelio)based on fishmeal‐free diets[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2015,21(3):286-299
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[10]Gu X Z,Li G F,Wu J,et al.Study on using cottonseed meal to reduce soybean meal in diet of Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science,2008,36(31):13656-13657[顾夕章,李国富,吴江,等.方正银鲫饲料中利用棉粕减少豆粕用量的研究.安徽农业科学,2008,36(31):13656-13657]
[11]Yin H B,Shi L Y,Li L K.An analysis of the nutritive composition inmuscle of Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch[J].Chinese Journal of Fisheries,1999,(1):53-56[尹洪滨,石连玉,李丽坤.方正银鲫肌肉营养成分分析.水产学杂志,1999,(1):53-56]
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[23]Barik N K,Kumar R,Narayanakumar R,et al.Freshwater Aquaculture[M].Cochin:Central Marine Fisheries Research Instiute.2014
[24]Cai C F,Wu K,Pan X F,et al.The effects of protein nutrition on growth and immunoloical activity of allogynogenetic silver crucian carp[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2001,25(6):590-596[蔡春芳,吴康,潘新法,等.蛋白质营养对异育银鲫生长和免疫力的影响.水生生物学报,2001,25(6):590-596]
[25]Tu Y Q,Han D,Zhu X M,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth,feed utilization and body composition of Cyprinus longipectoralis[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2012,36(5):843-850[涂永芹,韩冬,朱晓鸣,等.饲料中不同蛋白、脂肪水平对春鲤生长、饲料利用和体成分的影响.水生生物学报,2012,36(5):843-850]
[26]Shi Y,Leng X J,Li X Q,et al.Effect of dietary protein levels on growth performance,whole body composition and intestinal digestive enzyme activities of Cichlasoma sp.juvenile[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2009,33(5):874-880[石英,冷向军,李小勤,等.饲料蛋白水平对血鹦鹉幼鱼生长、体组成和肠道蛋白消化酶活性的影响.水生生物学报,2009,33(5):874-880]
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